武汉市地铁站运营前集中空调通风系统微生物污染成因初步探析
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摘要
目的分析武汉市新建地铁站运营前集中空调通风系统污染状况,探析其污染成因。方法 2016和2017年,随机抽取武汉市新建地铁站30%的站点,开展集中空调通风系统卫生监测。结果集中空调通风系统共完成监测样品116件,送风细菌总数、送风真菌总数合格率分别为96.6%、89.7%,其余指标合格率均为100.0%。风机柜、站厅层、站台层送风监测结果显示,送风真菌总数结果有统计学差异(χ~2=16.436,P<0.05),送风细菌总数结果差异无统计学意义(χ~2=1.078,P>0.05)。结论武汉市新建地铁站运营前集中空调通风系统送风细菌污染源自风机柜(及其前端),送风真菌污染源自风机柜(及其前端)和送风管。
Objectives To analyze the pollution status of central air conditioning ventilation system before the operation of newly-built Wuhan subway station, and to explore its pollution causes. Methods In 2016 and 2017, 30% of newly-built stations in Wuhan were randomly selected to carry out the hygienic monitoring of central air conditioning ventilation system. Results A total of 116 samples were monitored by the central air conditioning ventilation system. The qualified rates of the total bacteria and fungi in the air supply outlet were 96.6% and 89.7%, respectively. The qualified rates of other indexes were 100.0%. The total fungi counts in the supply air in fan cabinet, hall layer and platform layer were statistically different(χ~2=16.436,P<0.05), but the total bacterial count in air supply was not statistically significant(χ~2=1.078,P>0.05). Conclusions Before the operation of newly-built Wuhan new subway station, the bacterial contamination in the air supply system of central air conditioning came from the fan cabinet(and its front part), and the fungal contamination came from the fan cabinet(and its front part) and the air supply pipe.
Objectives To analyze the pollution status of central air conditioning ventilation system before the operation of newly-built Wuhan subway station, and to explore its pollution causes. Methods In 2016 and 2017, 30% of newly-built stations in Wuhan were randomly selected to carry out the hygienic monitoring of central air conditioning ventilation system. Results A total of 116 samples were monitored by the central air conditioning ventilation system. The qualified rates of the total bacteria and fungi in the air supply outlet were 96.6% and 89.7%, respectively. The qualified rates of other indexes were 100.0%. The total fungi counts in the supply air in fan cabinet, hall layer and platform layer were statistically different(χ~2=16.436,P<0.05), but the total bacterial count in air supply was not statistically significant(χ~2=1.078,P>0.05). Conclusions Before the operation of newly-built Wuhan new subway station, the bacterial contamination in the air supply system of central air conditioning came from the fan cabinet(and its front part), and the fungal contamination came from the fan cabinet(and its front part) and the air supply pipe.
引文
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[13] 吴小燕,张峰,刘萍,等.西安市地铁1号线运营前后集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(2):31-33.(In English:Wu XY,Zhang F,Liu P,et al.Survey of the hygiene quality of the central air conditioning ventilation system before and after the operation of metro line 1 in Xi’an[J].J Public Health Prev Med,2016,27(2):31-33.)
[14] 张华,宋光华,刘斌,等.成都地铁1～4号线集中空调卫生状况调查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(8):1376-1379.(In English:Zhang H,Song GH,Liu B,et al.Chengdu metro line 1-4 central air conditioning of health condition investigation and analysis[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(8):1376-1379.)
[15] 王芳,赵丽,于莹莹,等.广州地铁车站公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生影响因素分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2014,4(1):25-28.(In English:Wang F,Zhao L,Yu YY,et al.Factors influencing air quality in public spaces of Guangzhou metro station[J].J Environ Hyg,2014,4(1):25-28.)
[16] 石斌,刘俊玲,孙言凤,等.电子式空气净化消毒装置在集中空调通风系统中的应用[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):94-96.(In English:Shi B,Liu JL,Sun YF,et al.Study on the application of electronic air purification and disinfection devices in central air conditioning ventilation system[J].J Public Health Prev Med,2017,28(4):94-96.)
[17] 张琦,张旭辉,周伟杰,等.无锡市新建公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生学调查[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(3):213-217.(In English:Zhang Q,Zhang XH,Zhou WJ,et al.Hygienic investigation on the central air conditioning and ventilation system of new public places in Wuxi city[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(3):213-217.)
[2] 周国宏,方道奎,冯锦姝.深圳地铁7号线试运营前公共区域空气质量监测[J].中国公共卫生管理,2017,33(5):656-657.(In English:Zhou GH,Fang DK,Feng JS.Monitoring of air quality in public area before trial operation of Shenzhen metro line seven[J].Chin J Public Health Manag,2017,33(5):656-657.)
[3] 陈卫中,陈志健,何升良,等.浙江省公共场所集中空调通风系统污染监测结果分析[J].预防医学,2018,30(4):402-404.(In English:Chen WZ,Chen ZJ,He SL,et al.Analysis of pollution monitoring results of central air condition ventilation system in public of Zhejiang province[J].J Prev Med,2018,30(4):402-404.)
[4] 张浩玲,何伦发,郭艳,等.2013年—2015年某市公共场所集中空调通风系统微生物污染状况调查[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(1):19-23.(In English:Zhang HL,He LF,Guo Y,et al.Microbial contamination of central air condition ventilation system in public places of a city in 2013—2015[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(1):19-23.)
[5] 林思仁,徐志华,叶思娟,等.惠州市公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查[J].环境卫生学杂志,2015,5(2):150-153.(In English:Lin SR,Xu ZH,Ye SJ,et al.Central air conditioning ventilation systems hygienic status in public places of Huizhou city[J].J Environ Hyg,2015,5(2):150-153.)
[6] 中华人民共和国卫生部.WS/T 396-2012 公共场所集中空调通风系统清洗消毒规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.(In English:Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.WS/T 396-2012 Specification of cleaning and disinfecting for central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2013.)
[7] 中华人民共和国卫生部.WS 394-2012 公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013.(In English:Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China.WS 394-2012 Hygienic specification of central air conditioning ventilation system in public buildings[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2013.)
[8] 石斌,刘俊玲,潘锋,等.武汉市某地铁线竣工验收卫生质量分析[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(3):106-108.(In English:Shi B,Liu JL,Pang F,et al.Analysis on the indoor air quality of a subway line in Wuhan[J].J Public Health Prev Med,2016,27(3):106-108.)(未找到本条文献英文信息,请核对)
[9] 江思力,石同幸,吕嘉韵,等.广州市地铁站集中空调通风系统微生物污染状况[J].实用预防医学,2016,23(9):1113-1115.(In English:Jiang SL,Shi TX,Lv JY,et al.Microbial contamination status of centralized air conditioning ventilation systems in metros in Guangzhou city[J].Pract Prev Med,2016,23(9):1113-1115.)
[10] 陈茸,张琦,刘斌,等.无锡某地铁站站台公共区域集中空调通风系统卫生学评价[J].中国卫生工程学,2015,14(4):320-323.(In English:Chen R,Zhang Q,Liu B,et al.Hygiene evaluation of central air conditioning ventilating system in the public area of the metro station platform in Wuxi city[J].Chin J Public Health Eng,2015,14(4):320-323.)
[11] 曾雪娇,杜喜浩,张佳,等.上海市轨道交通地下车站集中空调通风系统的卫生状况[J].环境与职业医学,2018,35(4):286-290.(In English:Zeng XJ,Du XH,Zhang J,et al.Sanitary levels of central air conditioning and ventilation systems in underground stations of Shanghai rail transit[J].J Environ Occup Med,2018,35(4):286-290.)
[12] 吴浩生,殷道根,仇君,等.深圳市集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查[J].环境与健康杂志,2013,30(6):502-504.(In English:Wu HS,Yin DG,Qiu J,et al.Hygienic survey of central air conditioning ventilation system in Shenzhen[J].J Environ Health,2013,30(6):502-504.)
[13] 吴小燕,张峰,刘萍,等.西安市地铁1号线运营前后集中空调通风系统卫生状况调查[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2016,27(2):31-33.(In English:Wu XY,Zhang F,Liu P,et al.Survey of the hygiene quality of the central air conditioning ventilation system before and after the operation of metro line 1 in Xi’an[J].J Public Health Prev Med,2016,27(2):31-33.)
[14] 张华,宋光华,刘斌,等.成都地铁1～4号线集中空调卫生状况调查[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(8):1376-1379.(In English:Zhang H,Song GH,Liu B,et al.Chengdu metro line 1-4 central air conditioning of health condition investigation and analysis[J].Mod Prev Med,2018,45(8):1376-1379.)
[15] 王芳,赵丽,于莹莹,等.广州地铁车站公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生影响因素分析[J].环境卫生学杂志,2014,4(1):25-28.(In English:Wang F,Zhao L,Yu YY,et al.Factors influencing air quality in public spaces of Guangzhou metro station[J].J Environ Hyg,2014,4(1):25-28.)
[16] 石斌,刘俊玲,孙言凤,等.电子式空气净化消毒装置在集中空调通风系统中的应用[J].公共卫生与预防医学,2017,28(4):94-96.(In English:Shi B,Liu JL,Sun YF,et al.Study on the application of electronic air purification and disinfection devices in central air conditioning ventilation system[J].J Public Health Prev Med,2017,28(4):94-96.)
[17] 张琦,张旭辉,周伟杰,等.无锡市新建公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生学调查[J].环境卫生学杂志,2017,7(3):213-217.(In English:Zhang Q,Zhang XH,Zhou WJ,et al.Hygienic investigation on the central air conditioning and ventilation system of new public places in Wuxi city[J].J Environ Hyg,2017,7(3):213-217.)