湖北省高速公路雷电活动特征及风险区划研究
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摘要
为揭示湖北省高速公路沿线雷电参数分布特征及其区域差异,利用湖北省2007年～2017年闪电监测数据,采用线路走廊网格、层次模型等数理统计方法,分析研究湖北省主要高速公路沿线雷电活动特征,提出了基于雷电参数的风险区划方法。结果表明:湖北东线高速公路百公里闪电频数最多,且明显高于西线高速公路,南、北两条高速公路闪电频数差异较小;湖北高速公路地闪密度总体呈现东多西少、南多北少的区域分布特征;东线高速公路沿线发生雷电绕击和反击的概率高于西线高速公路,北线高速公路沿线发生雷电绕击和反击的概率高于南线高速公路;北线高速公路沿线雷电感应危害最大,东线高速公路次之,南线高速公路沿线雷电感应危害最小。以0.3、0.4、0.6、0.8为阈值分割点,将湖北高速公路划分为极强、强、中等、弱和极弱等5个雷电灾害风险等级,其结果可为防雷工程设计、雷击风险评估、雷电预警预报信息发布等提供参考依据。
In order to reveal the distribution characteristics and regional differences of lightning parameters along expressways in Hubei Province,based on the lightning detection data from 2007 to 2017,by means of mathematical statistics,such as line corridor grid and hierarchical model,the characteristics of lightning activity along the main highways in Hubei Province are analyzed and studied,and the method of risk zoning based on lightning parameters is proposed.The results indicate that:the lightning frequency of 100 kilometers along east line is the largest,and is obviously higher than that of the west line;the difference of lightning frequency between the two highways in north and south is smaller;the lightning density among Hubei expressways has regional distribution characteristics,the west is less than the east,and the north is less than the south;the probability of shielding failure and back striking along the east line is higher than that of the west line,and the probability shielding failure and back striking along the north line is higher than that of the south line;the lightning induced hazard is the most dangerous along the north line,and the second is the east line,and the least is the south line.With 0.3,0.4,0.6,0.8 as threshold segmentation points,the expressways in Hubei Province is divided into five risk grades of very strong,strong,medium,weak and extremely weak.The results can provide reference for lightning protection engineering design,lightning risk assessment,and lightning early warning information release.
In order to reveal the distribution characteristics and regional differences of lightning parameters along expressways in Hubei Province,based on the lightning detection data from 2007 to 2017,by means of mathematical statistics,such as line corridor grid and hierarchical model,the characteristics of lightning activity along the main highways in Hubei Province are analyzed and studied,and the method of risk zoning based on lightning parameters is proposed.The results indicate that:the lightning frequency of 100 kilometers along east line is the largest,and is obviously higher than that of the west line;the difference of lightning frequency between the two highways in north and south is smaller;the lightning density among Hubei expressways has regional distribution characteristics,the west is less than the east,and the north is less than the south;the probability of shielding failure and back striking along the east line is higher than that of the west line,and the probability shielding failure and back striking along the north line is higher than that of the south line;the lightning induced hazard is the most dangerous along the north line,and the second is the east line,and the least is the south line.With 0.3,0.4,0.6,0.8 as threshold segmentation points,the expressways in Hubei Province is divided into five risk grades of very strong,strong,medium,weak and extremely weak.The results can provide reference for lightning protection engineering design,lightning risk assessment,and lightning early warning information release.
引文
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[15]陈家宏,童雪芳,谷山强,等.雷电定位系统测量的雷电流幅值分布特征[J].高电压技术,2008,34(9):1893-1897.
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[17]王学良,张科杰,余田野,等.基于LLS的雷电流波头陡度时间和概率分布特征[J].基于LLS的雷电流波头陡度时间和概率分布特征,2016,35(2):114-118.
[18]窦志鹏,杨仲江,刘健.光伏组件的雷电感应过电压和过流计算[J].电磁避雷器,2017,(3):47-51.
[19]陈家宏,冯万兴,王海涛,等.雷电参数统计方法[J].高电压技术,2007,33(10):6-10.
[20]王巨丰,齐冲,车诒颖,等.雷电流最大陡度及幅值的频率分布[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(3):106-110.
[21]王学良,刘学春,史雅静.武汉地区云地闪电特征及防护效率研究[J].气象科技,2010,38(6):805-809.
[22]GB 50057-2010建筑物防雷设计规范[S].
[2]冯民学,吕久平,高岩渊.浅析高速公路雷电危害及防御[J].气象科技,2003,23(3):365-371.
[3]李林.苏南地区高速公路网闪电时空分布特征及风险评估研究[D].南京信息工程大学,2016.
[4]向念文,谷山强,陈维江,等.京沪高铁沿线临近区域雷电分布特征[J].高电压技术,2015,41(1):49-55.
[5]陈家宏,王海涛,冯万兴,等.1 000kV线路走廊的雷电参数及易闪线段分析[J].高电压技术,2006,32(12):45-48.
[6]李国梁,朱传林,李俊,等.武汉至广州高速铁路湖北段沿线雷电活动分析[J].暴雨灾害,2013,32(4):374-378.
[7]张廷龙,郄秀书,袁铁,等.青藏铁路沿线闪电活动的时空分布特征[J].高原气象.2004,23(5):673-677.
[8]朱传林,王学良,贺姗,等.基于层次模型及权重分析的湖北省雷电灾害易损度区划[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(8):206-211.
[9]李彩莲,赵西社,赵东,等.陕西省雷电灾害易损性分析、评估及易损度区划[J].灾害学,2008,23(4):49-53.
[10]李家启,申双和,秦健,等.重庆市雷电灾害易损性风险综合评估研究[D].南京信息工程大学,2012:117-127.
[11]于怀征.山东省雷电灾害易损度评估[J].中国人口资源与环境,2013,23(5):161-163.
[12]田艳婷,吴孟恒,史锋旗,等.河北省雷电灾害易损性综合评估与区划[J].气象科技,2012,40(3):507-512.
[13]赵新华,冯学尚.太阳活动与地球表面温度变化的周期性和相关性[J].科学通报,2014,59(14):1284-1292.
[14]王学良,张科杰,张义军,等.雷电定位系统与人工观测雷暴日数统计比较[J].应用气象学报,2014,25(6):741-750.
[15]陈家宏,童雪芳,谷山强,等.雷电定位系统测量的雷电流幅值分布特征[J].高电压技术,2008,34(9):1893-1897.
[16]丁士晟.多元分析方法及其应用[M].长春:吉林人民出版社,1981:88-177.
[17]王学良,张科杰,余田野,等.基于LLS的雷电流波头陡度时间和概率分布特征[J].基于LLS的雷电流波头陡度时间和概率分布特征,2016,35(2):114-118.
[18]窦志鹏,杨仲江,刘健.光伏组件的雷电感应过电压和过流计算[J].电磁避雷器,2017,(3):47-51.
[19]陈家宏,冯万兴,王海涛,等.雷电参数统计方法[J].高电压技术,2007,33(10):6-10.
[20]王巨丰,齐冲,车诒颖,等.雷电流最大陡度及幅值的频率分布[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(3):106-110.
[21]王学良,刘学春,史雅静.武汉地区云地闪电特征及防护效率研究[J].气象科技,2010,38(6):805-809.
[22]GB 50057-2010建筑物防雷设计规范[S].