3D打印在催化和吸附材料制备领域的应用
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摘要
3D打印是一种快速成型技术,该技术在催化和吸附材料制备领域的应用目前已受到广泛重视。3D打印技术一方面能够拓展整体式催化/吸附材料的涵盖范围,实现材料的宏观结构优化和活性组分控制,同时有利于强化催化和吸附过程中的传质/传热过程,而且操作灵活,可靠性强,因此适于工业生产和实验室研究。本文介绍了催化/吸附材料制备过程中常见的几种3D打印技术,同时从打印策略和打印材料方面入手,综述了目前3D打印技术在催化和吸附领域的各项应用,并由此指出,目前3D打印技术可以将聚合物、碳材料、金属及金属氧化物、分子筛等材料纳入到整体式催化体系中,通过对材料结构和分布的控制对其催化和吸附性能进行影响,因此3D打印在催化和吸附材料制备领域的应用有着广阔的前景。同时指出材料微观结构控制、打印耗材及流程的标准化,以及以计算为依托的催化/吸附材料的整体式结构和活性位点分布控制是今后的研究重点。
Three-dimensional(3D) printing is a rapid prototyping technique. The applications of 3D printing for the preparation of catalyst and adsorbent have recently received increasing attentions. 3D printing can extend the range of monolithic catalysts and adsorbents, optimize the structure design and theactive component distribution, which can enhance the mass and heat transfer during the catalyticreactions and adsorption processes. As a convenient and reliable modeling method, 3D printing is suitablefor both laboratory operations and industrial applications. In this review, a general overview of thecommonly available 3D printing methods is given for the preparation of catalysts and adsorbent. Recentworks on printing strategies and new materials for catalysis and adsorption are also discussed. Polymers,carbon, metals and metal oxides, zeolites and many other materials can be incorporated into monolithic catalytic system by the help of 3D printing. The catalytic and adsorption performances can be controlled by the structure and distribution of the materials. Therefore, 3D printing is a promising technology for the preparation of catalysts and adsorbents. It is also pointed out that future developments have been discussed including the microstructure control of the material, the standardization of printing feedstocks and processes, and the design of the structures and active component distributions.
Three-dimensional(3D) printing is a rapid prototyping technique. The applications of 3D printing for the preparation of catalyst and adsorbent have recently received increasing attentions. 3D printing can extend the range of monolithic catalysts and adsorbents, optimize the structure design and theactive component distribution, which can enhance the mass and heat transfer during the catalyticreactions and adsorption processes. As a convenient and reliable modeling method, 3D printing is suitablefor both laboratory operations and industrial applications. In this review, a general overview of thecommonly available 3D printing methods is given for the preparation of catalysts and adsorbent. Recentworks on printing strategies and new materials for catalysis and adsorption are also discussed. Polymers,carbon, metals and metal oxides, zeolites and many other materials can be incorporated into monolithic catalytic system by the help of 3D printing. The catalytic and adsorption performances can be controlled by the structure and distribution of the materials. Therefore, 3D printing is a promising technology for the preparation of catalysts and adsorbents. It is also pointed out that future developments have been discussed including the microstructure control of the material, the standardization of printing feedstocks and processes, and the design of the structures and active component distributions.
引文
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[18] TORRADO PEREZ A R, ROBERSON D A, WICKER R B.Fracture surface analysis of 3D-printed tensile specimens of novelABS-based materials[J]. Journal of Failure Analysis andPrevention, 2014, 14(3):343-353.
[19] SKORSKI M R, ESENTHER J M, AHMED Z, et al. The chemical,mechanical, and physical properties of 3D printed materialscomposed of TiO2-ABS nanocomposites[J]. Science andTechnology of Advanced Materials, 2016, 17(1):89-97.
[20] CESARANO J, SEGALMAN R, CALVERT P. Robocastingprovides moldless fabrication fiom slurry deposition[J]. CeramicIndustry, 1998, 148(4):94-102.
[21] ZHU C, HAN T Y J, DUOSS E B, et al. Highly compressible 3Dperiodic graphene aerogel microlattices[J]. Nature Communications,2015, 6:6962.
[22] LI V C F, DUNN C K, ZHANG Z, et al. Direct ink write(DIW)3Dprinted cellulose nanocrystal aerogel structures[J]. ScientificReports, 2017, 7(1):8018.
[23] YAN P L, BROWN E, SU Q, et al. 3D printing hierarchical silvernanowire aerogel with highly compressive resilience and tensileelongation through tunable poisson's ratio[J]. Small, 2017, 13(38):1701756.
[24] PATAKY K, BRASCHLER T, NEGRO A, et al. Microdropprinting of hydrogel bioinks into 3D tissue-like geometries[J].Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(3):391-396.
[25] HIGHLEY C B, RODELL C B, BURDICK J A. Direct 3D printingof shear-thinning hydrogels into self-healing hydrogels[J].Advanced Materials, 2015, 27(34):5075-5079.
[26] SMAY J E, GRATSON G M, SHEPHERD R F, et al. Directedcolloidal assembly of 3D periodic structures[J]. AdvancedMaterials, 2002, 14(18):1279-1283.
[27] LEWIS J A. Direct-write assembly of ceramics from colloidal inks[J]. Current Opinion in Solid State&Materials Science, 2002, 6(3):245-250.
[28] THERRIAULT D, WHITE S R, LEWIS J A. Chaotic mixing inthree-dimensional microvascular networks fabricated by direct-write assembly[J]. Nature Materials, 2003, 2(4):265-271.
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