预紧载荷下螺栓结合部静特性分析
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摘要
结合面的接触变形与构件变形存在耦合关系,为提高整机分析结果的准确性,提出了建立分析模型时在构件间增加虚拟材料层反映结合部非线性特性的假设。基于结合面基础特性参数获得了虚拟材料物理参数,建立了包含结合部特性的分析模型。对预紧力作用下的螺栓结合部进行了一系列不同材料、预紧力及构件厚度的静特性试验。结合分析和试验结果,将结合面变形从整体形变中分离出来,与理论计算比较,验证了本文所提出的建模理论和试验方法的准确性和有效性。
The contact deformations of the joint surfaces and the member deformations of bolt joints were in coupling relation. To improve the accuracy of the result in analyzing the whole machines, a virtual material layer was added between the elements to reflect the non-linear property of bolt joints in building analysis model. Based on interface basic characteristic parameters, the physical parameters of virtual material layer were obtained and the analysis model of the bolt joint features were built. A series of static load tests were carried out on the bolt joints under pre-tightening forces of various materials, different pre-tightening forces and element different thicknesses. Based on the analyses and test results, the deformations of joint surfaces were separated from the whole deformations. A comparison of joint deformations with theoretical ones verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the modeling theory and test approach proposed herein.
The contact deformations of the joint surfaces and the member deformations of bolt joints were in coupling relation. To improve the accuracy of the result in analyzing the whole machines, a virtual material layer was added between the elements to reflect the non-linear property of bolt joints in building analysis model. Based on interface basic characteristic parameters, the physical parameters of virtual material layer were obtained and the analysis model of the bolt joint features were built. A series of static load tests were carried out on the bolt joints under pre-tightening forces of various materials, different pre-tightening forces and element different thicknesses. Based on the analyses and test results, the deformations of joint surfaces were separated from the whole deformations. A comparison of joint deformations with theoretical ones verifies the accuracy and effectiveness of the modeling theory and test approach proposed herein.
引文
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[12] 伍良生,马淑慧,屈重年,等.弹簧-阻尼动力学单元螺栓连接结合面研究[J].机械设计与制造,2014(1):4-6.WU Liangsheng,MA Shuhui,QU Chongnian,et al.The Study of Bolted Joint Surface of the Spring-damping Dynamics Unit[J].Machinery Design & Manufacture,2014(1):4-6.
[13] 刘耀,黄玉美.机床滚珠导轨中圆柱面-球面结合面静特性分析及试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(21):25-30.LIU Yao,HUANG Yumei.Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Static Characteristics of the Cylindrical-spherical Joint Surfaces of Linear Ball Guide on Machine Tool[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(21):25-30.
[14] TIAN H L,LI B,LIU H Q,et al.A New Method of Virtual Material Hypothesis-based Dynamic Modeling on Fixed Joint Interface in Machine Tools[J].International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,2011,51(3):239-249.
[15] 温诗铸,黄平.界面科学与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011:9-11.WEN Shizhu,HUANG Ping.Interface Science and Technology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011:9-11.
[16] HUI Y,HUANG Y M,LI P Y,et al .Virtual Material Parameter Acquisition Based on the Basic Characteristics of the Bolt Joint Interfaces [J].Tribology International,2016,95:109-117.
[2] TIAN H L,CHEN B J,HE K D,et al.A New Fractal Model of Elastic,Elastoplastic and Plastic Normal Contact Stiffness for Slow Sliding Interface Considering Dynamic Friction and Strain Hardening[J].Journal of Shanghai Jiaotong University (Science),2017,22(5):589-601.
[3] SCHWINGSHACKL C W,PETROV E P.Modeling of Flange Joints for the Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis of Gas Turbine Engine Casings[J].Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power,2012,134(12):122504.
[4] 李殿新,赵沿民,张建富,等.立式加工中心静刚度精细化试验与有限元分析[J].农业机械学报,2012,43(12):262-267.LI Dianxin,ZHAO Yanmin,ZHANG Jianfu,et al .Fine Experiment and Finite Element Analysis for Static Stiffness of Vertical Machining Center [J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2012,43(12):262-267.
[5] KIM J,YOON J C,KANG B S.Finite Element Analysis and Modeling of Structure with Bolted Joints [J].Applied Mathematical Modelling,2007,31(5):895-911.
[6] WILLIAMS J G,ANLEY R E,NASH D H.et al.Analysis of Externally Loaded Bolted Joints:Analytical,Computational and Experimental Study[J].International Journal of Pressure Vessels and Piping,2009,86(7):420-427.
[7] YANG G Q,HONG J,ZHU L B,et al.Three-dimensional Finite Element Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Helical Thread Connection[J].Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,26(3):564-572.
[8] PISCAN I,PREDINCEA N,POP N.Finite Element Analysis of Bolted Joint[J].Proceedings in Manufacturing Systems,2010,5(3):167-172.
[9] LEHNHOFF T F,BUNYARD B A.Effects of Bolt Threads on the Stiffness of Bolted Joints[J].Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology,2001,123(5):161-165.
[10] 李院生,张广鹏,解芳芳,等.一种螺栓结合部刚度四点等效方法[J].机械强度,2017,39(3):642-646.LI Yuansheng,ZHANG Guangpeng,XIE Fangfang,et al.A Four-point Equivalent Method of the Bolt Joint Stiffness[J].Journal of Mechanical Strength,2017,39(3):642-646.
[11] LUAN Y,GUAN Z Q,CHENG G D,et al.A Simplified Nonlinear Dynamic Mmodel for the Analysis of Pipe Structures with Bolted Flange Joints[J].Journal of Sound and Vibration,2012,331(2):325-344.
[12] 伍良生,马淑慧,屈重年,等.弹簧-阻尼动力学单元螺栓连接结合面研究[J].机械设计与制造,2014(1):4-6.WU Liangsheng,MA Shuhui,QU Chongnian,et al.The Study of Bolted Joint Surface of the Spring-damping Dynamics Unit[J].Machinery Design & Manufacture,2014(1):4-6.
[13] 刘耀,黄玉美.机床滚珠导轨中圆柱面-球面结合面静特性分析及试验研究[J].机械工程学报,2013,49(21):25-30.LIU Yao,HUANG Yumei.Theoretical Analysis and Experimental Study on Static Characteristics of the Cylindrical-spherical Joint Surfaces of Linear Ball Guide on Machine Tool[J].Journal of Mechanical Engineering,2013,49(21):25-30.
[14] TIAN H L,LI B,LIU H Q,et al.A New Method of Virtual Material Hypothesis-based Dynamic Modeling on Fixed Joint Interface in Machine Tools[J].International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture,2011,51(3):239-249.
[15] 温诗铸,黄平.界面科学与技术[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2011:9-11.WEN Shizhu,HUANG Ping.Interface Science and Technology[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2011:9-11.
[16] HUI Y,HUANG Y M,LI P Y,et al .Virtual Material Parameter Acquisition Based on the Basic Characteristics of the Bolt Joint Interfaces [J].Tribology International,2016,95:109-117.