准东大井矿区保水采煤开发利用研究
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摘要
本文以准东大井矿区为研究对象,基于资料分析得到矿井主采煤层B_1均处于Ⅳ含水段,通过常规经验计算方法估算了大井矿区巨厚煤层大采高分层开采和放顶煤分层开采导水裂隙带发育高度,分别为126.8～190.5m、232.9～334.5m和79.1～98.0m、158.2～196.0m,导水裂隙带均可发育至覆岩含、隔水层,从保水采煤角度出发,应减少分层采高,优先采用大采高分层开采方式。矿井涌水量达2 050m~3/d,且属高矿化度矿井水,结合矿区用水现状及企业类型,初步提出可采用蒸馏、电渗析、反渗透和蒸发结晶等水处理工艺,出水可分别作为矿区生产、生活及生态用水。
Based on the analysis of the geological data of coal deposition in eastern Junggar coalfield,five aquifers and water-resistant strata of overlying rocks are recognized.The major coal seam B_1 is involved in formation of Ⅳ aquifer.The development heights of water-conducting fractured zones induced by large mining height and caving mining of super-thick seam in Dajing mining area are estimated using the conventional and empirical methods.The calculated height of water-conducting fracture zone are 126.8-190.5 m,232.9-334.5 m and 79.1-98.0 m,158.2-196.0 m respectively.During mining,the waterconducting fractures will reach the aquifers and the water-resistant strata which leads to a damage to them.It is estimated that the amount of mine water emission is up to 2 050 m~3/d during mining of the coal seam.According to the purpose of water use,the distribution of local enterprises and the quality of the mine water,a comprehensive strategies of deposing and utilizing the mine water are proposed,such as the use of manufacturing,the use of living and the use of restoration of surface vegetation.
Based on the analysis of the geological data of coal deposition in eastern Junggar coalfield,five aquifers and water-resistant strata of overlying rocks are recognized.The major coal seam B_1 is involved in formation of Ⅳ aquifer.The development heights of water-conducting fractured zones induced by large mining height and caving mining of super-thick seam in Dajing mining area are estimated using the conventional and empirical methods.The calculated height of water-conducting fracture zone are 126.8-190.5 m,232.9-334.5 m and 79.1-98.0 m,158.2-196.0 m respectively.During mining,the waterconducting fractures will reach the aquifers and the water-resistant strata which leads to a damage to them.It is estimated that the amount of mine water emission is up to 2 050 m~3/d during mining of the coal seam.According to the purpose of water use,the distribution of local enterprises and the quality of the mine water,a comprehensive strategies of deposing and utilizing the mine water are proposed,such as the use of manufacturing,the use of living and the use of restoration of surface vegetation.
引文
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[17]袁亮,姜耀东,王凯,等.我国关闭/废弃矿井资源精准开发利用的科学思考[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(1):14-20.YUAN Liang,JIANG Yaodong,WANG Kai,et al.Scientific consideration on accurate development and utilization of closed/abandoned mine resources in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):14-20.
[18]孙晓冬,黄志增,马兆瑞.准东煤田巨厚煤层开采技术研究[J].煤矿开采,2014,19(4):35-37.SUN Xiaodong,HUANG Zhizeng,MA Zhaorui.Extremelythick coal-seam mining technology in Zhundong coal-field[J].Coal Mining Technology,2014,19(4):35-37.
[19]汪鸿,常东,李丽萍,等.新疆准东煤田大井矿区二井田勘探报告[R].2009.
[2]毛节华,许惠龙.中国煤炭资源预测与评价[M].北京:科学出版社,1999.
[3]新疆煤田地质局.新疆维吾尔自治区煤炭资源潜力评价[R].2010.
[4]曾强,李根生,董敬宣,等.新疆煤炭资源开采典型生态环境问题及对策[J].矿业安全与环保,2017,44(1):106-110.ZENG Qiang,LI Gensheng,DONG Jingxuan,et al.Typical ecological and environmental issues and countermeasures in coal mining in Xinjiang region[J].Mining Safety and Environmental Protection,2017,44(1):106-110.
[5]李根生,曾强,董敬宣,等.准东矿区邻近奇台绿洲地下水位变化趋势分析[J].中国矿业,2017,26(5):148-153.LI Gensheng,ZENG Qiang,DONG Jingxuan,et al.Analysis of the change of ground water level in Qitai oasis nearby eastern Junggar coalfield[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(5):148-153.
[6]钱鸣高,许家林,缪协兴.煤矿绿色开采技术[J].中国矿业大学学报,2003,32(4):5-10.QIAN Minggao,XU Jialin,MIAO Xiexing.Green mining technology in coal mine[J].Journal of China University of Mining and Technology,2003,32(4):5-10.
[7]范立民.保水采煤的科学内涵[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):27-35.FAN Limin.Scientific connotation of water-preserved mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):27-35.
[8]王双明,黄庆享,范立民,等.生态脆弱矿区含(隔)水层特征及保水开采分区研究[J].煤炭学报,2010,35(1):7-14.WANG Shuangming,HUANG Qingxiang,FAN Limin,et al.Study on overburden and water protection mining regionalization in the ecological fragile mining area[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(1):7-14.
[9]武强,申建军,王洋.“煤-水”双资源型矿井开采技术方法与工程应用[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):8-16.WU Qiang,SHEN Jianjun,WANG Yang.Mining techniques and engineering application for“Coal-Water”dual-resources mine[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):8-16.
[10]黄庆享.浅埋煤层保水开采隔水层稳定性的模拟研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(5):987-992.HUANG Qingxiang.Simulation of clay aquifuge stability of water conservation mining in shallow-buried coal seam[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2009,28(5):987-992.
[11]李文平,王启庆,李小琴.隔水层再造——西北保水采煤关键隔水层N2红土工程地质研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):88-97.LI Wenping,WANG Qiqing,LI Xiaoqin.Reconstruction of aquifuge:the engineering geological study of N2laterite located in key aquifuge concerning coal mining with water protection in northwest China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):88-97.
[12]马立强,张东升,王烁康,等.“采充并行”式保水采煤方法[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(1):62-69.MA Liqiang,ZHANG Dongsheng,WANG Shuokang,et al.Parallel mining and filling method for water conservation coal mining[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):62-69.
[13]白海波,缪协兴.水资源保护性采煤的研究进展与面临的问题[J].采矿与安全工程学报,2009,26(3):253-262.BAI Haibo,MIAO Xiexing.Research progress and major problems of water preserved coal mining[J].Journal of Mining&Safety Engineering,2009,26(3):253-262.
[14]马雄德,范立民,张晓团,等.基于植被地下水关系的保水采煤研究[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(5):1277-1283.MA Xiongde,FAN Limin,ZHANG Xiaotuan,et al.Study on water conservation coal mining based on vegetation-groundwater relation[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(5):1277-1283.
[15]张东升,李文平,来兴平,等.我国西北煤炭开采中的水资源保护基础理论研究进展[J].煤炭学报,2017,42(1):36-43.ZHANG Dongsheng,LI Wenping,LAI Xingping,et al.Development on basic theory of water protection during coal mining in northwest of China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2017,42(1):36-43.
[16]顾大钊.煤矿地下水库理论框架和技术体系[J].煤炭学报,2015,40(2):239-246.GU Dazhao.Theory framework and technological system of coal mine underground reservoir[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2015,40(2):239-246.
[17]袁亮,姜耀东,王凯,等.我国关闭/废弃矿井资源精准开发利用的科学思考[J].煤炭学报,2018,43(1):14-20.YUAN Liang,JIANG Yaodong,WANG Kai,et al.Scientific consideration on accurate development and utilization of closed/abandoned mine resources in China[J].Journal of China Coal Society,2018,43(1):14-20.
[18]孙晓冬,黄志增,马兆瑞.准东煤田巨厚煤层开采技术研究[J].煤矿开采,2014,19(4):35-37.SUN Xiaodong,HUANG Zhizeng,MA Zhaorui.Extremelythick coal-seam mining technology in Zhundong coal-field[J].Coal Mining Technology,2014,19(4):35-37.
[19]汪鸿,常东,李丽萍,等.新疆准东煤田大井矿区二井田勘探报告[R].2009.
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