施秉云台山南酸枣群落特征分析
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摘要
为了探讨贵州施秉云台山地区南酸枣群落特征,通过野外样方调查方法对群落内物种组成、数量特征和生物量展开研究。结果表明:施秉云台山南酸枣群落特征共有维管植物28科、32属、42种,群落平均高度9.2 m,平均密度5 173株/hm~2,生物量密度39.94×103kg/hm~2,其中乔木层生物量最大,为38.31×103kg/hm~2,是构成南酸枣群落生物量的最主要层次;群落中以南酸枣为优势种,重要值46.5%。水麻在灌木层种为优势种,重要值达46.2%。在整个南酸枣群落物种多样性指数、均匀度和生态优势度均较低,同其他植物群落竞争中处于劣势,是今后云台山世界自然遗产保护区重点保护的植物群落之一。
In order to understand the community characteristics of Choerospondias axillaria at Yuntai Mountain,Shibing, Guizhou Province, the species composition, quantiative characteristics and biomass of the community were studied using field investigation method. The result showed that there are 42 species vascular plants,belonging to 28 families and 32 genera. The average height, density and biomass denstity of Choerospondias axillaria community were 9.2 m, 5 173 plants/hm~2 and 39.94×103 kg/hm~2, respectively. Among them, the biomass of arborous layer was the largest(38.31×103 kg/hm~2), which was the main level of biomass of Choerospondias axillaria. Choerospondias axillaria was the dominant species in tree layer of the community, with an importance value of 46.5%. Debregeasia orientalis was the dominant species in shrub layer of the community, with the importance value of 46.2%. The species diversity index, species evenness and ecological dominance of Choerospondias axillaria community were low, making it at a disadvantage in competition with other plant communities.Therefore, the Choerospondias axillaria community should be one of the key protection communities in Yuntai Mountain world natural heritage site.
In order to understand the community characteristics of Choerospondias axillaria at Yuntai Mountain,Shibing, Guizhou Province, the species composition, quantiative characteristics and biomass of the community were studied using field investigation method. The result showed that there are 42 species vascular plants,belonging to 28 families and 32 genera. The average height, density and biomass denstity of Choerospondias axillaria community were 9.2 m, 5 173 plants/hm~2 and 39.94×103 kg/hm~2, respectively. Among them, the biomass of arborous layer was the largest(38.31×103 kg/hm~2), which was the main level of biomass of Choerospondias axillaria. Choerospondias axillaria was the dominant species in tree layer of the community, with an importance value of 46.5%. Debregeasia orientalis was the dominant species in shrub layer of the community, with the importance value of 46.2%. The species diversity index, species evenness and ecological dominance of Choerospondias axillaria community were low, making it at a disadvantage in competition with other plant communities.Therefore, the Choerospondias axillaria community should be one of the key protection communities in Yuntai Mountain world natural heritage site.
引文
Cai D.J.,W ang S.,Liu H.,and Mao L.C.,2009,Fermentation technology of Choerospondias axillaries skin vinegar,Zhongguo Niangzao(Chinese Brewing),28(9):168-170(蔡定建,王珊,刘慧,毛林春,2009,南酸枣皮果醋发酵工艺研究,中国酿造,28(9):168-170)
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Chen F.Q.,Lu B.,Chen F.J.,Deng N.,and Wang X.R.,2000,Coenology characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata-Choerospondias axillaries forest in Geheyan flatland alongside Qingjiang river,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),16(2):56-59(陈芳清,卢斌,陈发菊,邓宁,王祥荣,2000,清江隔河岩坝区杉木-南酸枣林的群落学特征,生态与农村环境学报,16(2):56-59)
Luo D.H.,2010,Production of fermented health drink with wild south jujube,Zhongguo Niangzao(China Brewing),29(1):164-166(罗登宏,2010,野生南酸枣发酵保健饮料的研制,中国酿造,29(1):164-166)
Song L.R.,Liu Y.L.,Du X.Q.,and Zhang W.F.,2009,Evaluation of natural restoration of degraded karst vegetation in Libo county of Guizhou province,Guizhou Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Guizhou Normal University),27(2):15-18,57(宋利荣,刘映良,杜兴乔,张卫方,2009,荔波退化喀斯特植被自然恢复评价,贵州师范大学学报,27(2):15-18,57)
Wang M.Z.,and Zhang B.,2003,Competitions between water,nutrient,and light of Choerospondias axliaries trees and peanut in the low hilly of red soil-I,growing and developing properties and their yields of Choerospondias axliaries trees and peanut,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),11(2):44-46(王明珠,张斌,2003,低丘红壤南酸枣-花生复合系统物种间水肥光竞争的研究-I.南酸枣与花生生育性状及产量研究,中国生态农业学报,11(2):44-46)
Wang Z.,Chen W.J.,Guan W.,Liao B.W.,He K.H.,Chen W.,and Xie M.,2017,Study on Zhuhai Qi'ao island main mangrove community characteristics,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),37(4):86-91(王震,陈卫军,管伟,廖宝文,何克宏,陈蔚,谢敏,2017,珠海市淇澳岛主要红树林群落特征研究,中南林业科技大学学报,37(4):86-91)
Xie S.X.,and Wu Z.W.,2013,Study on the community characteristics of Idesia polycarpa in Guizhou province,Tianjian Nongye Kexue(Tianjin Agricultural Sciences),19(1):94-100(谢双喜,吴志文,2013,贵州野生山桐子群落特征研究,天津农业科学,19(1):94-100)
Yi H.,Deng X.W.,Xiang W.H.,Fang X.,Zhao L.J.,Li J.X.,and Cui F.,2014,The characteristics and regeneration of the Choerospondias axillaries broad-leaved community in the hilly region of central Hunan province,China,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),34(12):3463-3471(易好,邓湘雯,项文化,方晰,赵丽娟,李家湘,崔飞,2014,湘中丘陵区南酸枣阔叶林群落特征及群落更新,生态学报,34(12):3463-3471)
Yu L.F.,Zhu S.Q.,Ye J.Z.,Wei L.M.,and Chen Z.R.,2002,Research on human disturbance and karst forest community degradation and evaluation,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Journal of Applied Ecology),13(5):529-532(喻理飞,朱守谦,叶镜中,魏鲁明,陈正仁,2002,人为干扰与喀斯特森林群落退化及评价研究,应用生态学报,13(5):529-532)
Zhai J.S.,Wang M.Z.,Zhang B.,and Wang X.X.,2006,Competition of water,fertilizer and light between Choerospondias axillaries trees and peanut in the low hilly land of red soil-analysis on using rate of N of Choerospondias axillaries trees and peanut,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),14(2):82-84(翟进升,王明珠,张斌,王兴祥,2006,低丘红壤南酸枣与花生复合系统种间水肥光竞争的研究-Ⅳ.南酸枣与花生利用N素养分探析,中国生态农业学报,14(2):82-84)
Zhang H.Y.,Zong X.H.,Wang X.,Bai X.J.,Liang S.,and Deng H.P.,2016,Population structure and living community characteristics of the endangered Camellia luteoflora Li ex H.T.Chang,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),34(4):539-546(张华雨,宗秀虹,王鑫,白小节,梁盛,邓洪平,2016,濒危植物小黄花茶种群结构和生存群落特征研究,植物科学学报,34(4):539-546)
Zhang J.,Tian H.L.,Zhu Y.,Wang Y.Q.,He C.T.,and Tan S.D.,2010,Site conditions selection for timber forest cultivation of Choerospondias axillars,Hunan Nongye Kexue(Hunan Agricultural Sciences),(23):138-140(张季,田华林,朱雁,王玉奇,何承涛,谭绍东,2010,南酸枣用材林培育立地条件选择研究,湖南农业科学,(23):138-140)
Zhang X.B.,Guo X.Q.,Shangguan Z.P.,and Liu F.S.,2006,Community characteristics of natural pinus tabulaeformis in forest in hilly loess regions,Zhiwu Yanjiu(Bulletin of Botanical Research),26(2):169-175(张希彪,郭小强,上官周平,刘富顺,2006,黄土丘陵子午岭油松天然林群落特征研究,植物研究,26(2):169-175)
Zhu S.Q.,Wei L.M.,Chen Z.R.,and Zhang C.G.,1995,Preliminary study on forest biomass composition of karst forest in Maolan,Zhiwu Shengtai Xuebao(Journal of Plant Ecology),19(4):358-367(朱守谦,魏鲁明,陈正仁,张从贵,1995,茂兰喀斯特森林生物量构成初步研究,植物生态学报,19(4):358-367)
Cao Y.H.,Xiao J.H.,Li Y.C.,Chen S.L.,and Wu M.,2009,Population structure and spatial patterns of dominant populations in Illicium lanceolatum-Choerospondias axliaries community in Tiantong,Zhejiang province,Zhejiang Linxueyuan Xuebao(Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College),26(1):44-51(曹永慧,萧江华,李迎春,陈双林,吴明,2009,浙江天童披针叶茴香-南酸枣群落优势种群结构及空间格局,浙江林学院学报,26(1):44-51)
Chen F.Q.,Lu B.,Chen F.J.,Deng N.,and Wang X.R.,2000,Coenology characteristics of Cunninghamia lanceolata-Choerospondias axillaries forest in Geheyan flatland alongside Qingjiang river,Shengtai Yu Nongcun Huanjing Xuebao(Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment),16(2):56-59(陈芳清,卢斌,陈发菊,邓宁,王祥荣,2000,清江隔河岩坝区杉木-南酸枣林的群落学特征,生态与农村环境学报,16(2):56-59)
Luo D.H.,2010,Production of fermented health drink with wild south jujube,Zhongguo Niangzao(China Brewing),29(1):164-166(罗登宏,2010,野生南酸枣发酵保健饮料的研制,中国酿造,29(1):164-166)
Song L.R.,Liu Y.L.,Du X.Q.,and Zhang W.F.,2009,Evaluation of natural restoration of degraded karst vegetation in Libo county of Guizhou province,Guizhou Shifan Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Guizhou Normal University),27(2):15-18,57(宋利荣,刘映良,杜兴乔,张卫方,2009,荔波退化喀斯特植被自然恢复评价,贵州师范大学学报,27(2):15-18,57)
Wang M.Z.,and Zhang B.,2003,Competitions between water,nutrient,and light of Choerospondias axliaries trees and peanut in the low hilly of red soil-I,growing and developing properties and their yields of Choerospondias axliaries trees and peanut,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),11(2):44-46(王明珠,张斌,2003,低丘红壤南酸枣-花生复合系统物种间水肥光竞争的研究-I.南酸枣与花生生育性状及产量研究,中国生态农业学报,11(2):44-46)
Wang Z.,Chen W.J.,Guan W.,Liao B.W.,He K.H.,Chen W.,and Xie M.,2017,Study on Zhuhai Qi'ao island main mangrove community characteristics,Zhongnan Linye Keji Daxue Xuebao(Journal of Central South University of Forestry&Technology),37(4):86-91(王震,陈卫军,管伟,廖宝文,何克宏,陈蔚,谢敏,2017,珠海市淇澳岛主要红树林群落特征研究,中南林业科技大学学报,37(4):86-91)
Xie S.X.,and Wu Z.W.,2013,Study on the community characteristics of Idesia polycarpa in Guizhou province,Tianjian Nongye Kexue(Tianjin Agricultural Sciences),19(1):94-100(谢双喜,吴志文,2013,贵州野生山桐子群落特征研究,天津农业科学,19(1):94-100)
Yi H.,Deng X.W.,Xiang W.H.,Fang X.,Zhao L.J.,Li J.X.,and Cui F.,2014,The characteristics and regeneration of the Choerospondias axillaries broad-leaved community in the hilly region of central Hunan province,China,Shengtai Xuebao(Acta Ecologica Sinica),34(12):3463-3471(易好,邓湘雯,项文化,方晰,赵丽娟,李家湘,崔飞,2014,湘中丘陵区南酸枣阔叶林群落特征及群落更新,生态学报,34(12):3463-3471)
Yu L.F.,Zhu S.Q.,Ye J.Z.,Wei L.M.,and Chen Z.R.,2002,Research on human disturbance and karst forest community degradation and evaluation,Yingyong Shengtai Xuebao(Journal of Applied Ecology),13(5):529-532(喻理飞,朱守谦,叶镜中,魏鲁明,陈正仁,2002,人为干扰与喀斯特森林群落退化及评价研究,应用生态学报,13(5):529-532)
Zhai J.S.,Wang M.Z.,Zhang B.,and Wang X.X.,2006,Competition of water,fertilizer and light between Choerospondias axillaries trees and peanut in the low hilly land of red soil-analysis on using rate of N of Choerospondias axillaries trees and peanut,Zhongguo Shengtai Nongye Xuebao(Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture),14(2):82-84(翟进升,王明珠,张斌,王兴祥,2006,低丘红壤南酸枣与花生复合系统种间水肥光竞争的研究-Ⅳ.南酸枣与花生利用N素养分探析,中国生态农业学报,14(2):82-84)
Zhang H.Y.,Zong X.H.,Wang X.,Bai X.J.,Liang S.,and Deng H.P.,2016,Population structure and living community characteristics of the endangered Camellia luteoflora Li ex H.T.Chang,Zhiwu Kexue Xuebao(Plant Science Journal),34(4):539-546(张华雨,宗秀虹,王鑫,白小节,梁盛,邓洪平,2016,濒危植物小黄花茶种群结构和生存群落特征研究,植物科学学报,34(4):539-546)
Zhang J.,Tian H.L.,Zhu Y.,Wang Y.Q.,He C.T.,and Tan S.D.,2010,Site conditions selection for timber forest cultivation of Choerospondias axillars,Hunan Nongye Kexue(Hunan Agricultural Sciences),(23):138-140(张季,田华林,朱雁,王玉奇,何承涛,谭绍东,2010,南酸枣用材林培育立地条件选择研究,湖南农业科学,(23):138-140)
Zhang X.B.,Guo X.Q.,Shangguan Z.P.,and Liu F.S.,2006,Community characteristics of natural pinus tabulaeformis in forest in hilly loess regions,Zhiwu Yanjiu(Bulletin of Botanical Research),26(2):169-175(张希彪,郭小强,上官周平,刘富顺,2006,黄土丘陵子午岭油松天然林群落特征研究,植物研究,26(2):169-175)
Zhu S.Q.,Wei L.M.,Chen Z.R.,and Zhang C.G.,1995,Preliminary study on forest biomass composition of karst forest in Maolan,Zhiwu Shengtai Xuebao(Journal of Plant Ecology),19(4):358-367(朱守谦,魏鲁明,陈正仁,张从贵,1995,茂兰喀斯特森林生物量构成初步研究,植物生态学报,19(4):358-367)