雨水系统旋流沉砂池的设计及性能研究
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摘要
为避免雨水中的重质固体颗粒物沉积,进而使排水通畅、缓解城市内涝,设计了一种用于雨水管道的旋流沉砂池,通过环形堰、导流筒等特定的结构,实现小雨量时有效除砂、大雨量时自动减小阻力而有效泄洪;利用底部的消能格栅抑制过流紊动,有效避免沉淀后的颗粒物再次悬浮而随水流溢出;进出水管道同高程布置,有利于既有管道系统的改造。通过CFD软件进行流态模拟及实验室模型试验,研究了沉砂池的内部流态及对各类重质颗粒物的去除效果。结果表明,该旋流沉砂池能达到预期的设计目标。
A vortex grit chamber was designed to avoid the deposition of heavy solid particles in stormwater system,to ensure the drainage capability,and to alleviate urban flooding risks. The device could effectively remove sands in light rains and release floods,by automatically adjusting the resistance through its specific structures such as the annular weir and the draft tube. The design could trap particles by using a bottom grid to dissipate the energy and to reduce flow turbulence. The inlet and outlet pipes were arranged at the same level,to facilitate retrofitting existing pipeline systems. The flow pattern was modeled in CFD software and tested in laboratory model,to study the internal flow of the grit chamber and the removal efficiency of different heavy particles. The results showed that the new design of the vortex grit chamber achieved the desired design objectives.
A vortex grit chamber was designed to avoid the deposition of heavy solid particles in stormwater system,to ensure the drainage capability,and to alleviate urban flooding risks. The device could effectively remove sands in light rains and release floods,by automatically adjusting the resistance through its specific structures such as the annular weir and the draft tube. The design could trap particles by using a bottom grid to dissipate the energy and to reduce flow turbulence. The inlet and outlet pipes were arranged at the same level,to facilitate retrofitting existing pipeline systems. The flow pattern was modeled in CFD software and tested in laboratory model,to study the internal flow of the grit chamber and the removal efficiency of different heavy particles. The results showed that the new design of the vortex grit chamber achieved the desired design objectives.
引文
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[2]王晓玲,周莎莎,郎建,等.旋流沉砂池除砂废水流场与结构参数优化模拟[J].工程力学,2012,29(6):300-307.
[3]李俊奇,吴熙,车伍,等.多级集成化流体动力旋流分离器[P].中国专利:CN201120536893.3,2012-09-05.
[4]李广贺,张旭,王宏,等.多功能复合型固-液旋流分离器[P].中国专利:CN02153487.X,2003-04-16.
[5]张善发,李田,高廷耀.上海市地表径流污染负荷研究[J].中国给水排水,2006,22(21):57-60.
[6]周赛军,任伯帜,邓仁健.蓄水绿化屋面对雨水径流中污染物的去除效果[J].中国给水排水,2010,26(5):38-41.
[7]潘国庆,车伍,李俊奇,等.中国城市径流污染控制量及其设计降雨量[J].中国给水排水,2008,24(22):25-29.
[8]李海燕,徐波平,徐尚玲,等.北京城区雨水管道沉积物污染负荷研究[J].环境科学,2013,34(3):919-926.
[9]潘国庆,车伍,李海燕,等.雨水管道沉积物对径流初期冲刷的影响[J].环境科学学报,2009,29(4):771-776.
[10]中国建筑标准设计研究院.排水检查井[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[11]中国建筑标准设计研究院.雨水口[M].北京:中国计划出版社,2006.
[12]颜溧.曝气沉砂池特性与优化研究[D].北京:北京建筑大学,2014.