滚筒式残膜回收机结构设计与研究
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摘要
为解决残膜回收问题,本文设计了一款体积小的滚筒式残膜回收机。该机具采用偏心弹齿挑膜的工作原理,通过起膜齿起膜、弹齿拾膜、脱膜装置脱膜、集膜箱收膜四个过程实现对残膜的回收。本设计在机架上加装耕深调节装置,可调整起膜齿角度与滚筒的离地距离,进而提高机具的适应性能。通过对弹齿运动轨迹与受力进行详细分析,确定了弹齿周向组数,实现了有效挑膜的连续性。该回收机适用于浅耕层、地膜厚度大于0.01mm和田间覆膜宽度600～900mm的残膜回收。该设计可在一定程度上提高残膜回收效率。
In order to solve the problem of residual film recovery, a small drum type residual film recovery machine was designed in this paper. The machine adopted the working principle of eccentric elastic tooth pick-up film, and realized the recovery of residual film through four processes: pick-up film, pick-up film, de-film device and film collecting box. A tillage depth adjusting device was installed on the frame, which could adjust the angle of the film-lifting teeth and the distance from the drum to the ground, thereby improving the adaptability of the machine. Through the detailed analysis of the trajectory and force of the elastic teeth, the circumferential group of the elastic teeth was determined, and the continuity of the effective film picking was realized. The machine is suitable for the recovery of residual film in shallow tillage layer, with film thickness greater than 0.01 mm and film width of 600～900 mm in the field. The design can improve the recovery efficiency of residual film to a certain extent.
In order to solve the problem of residual film recovery, a small drum type residual film recovery machine was designed in this paper. The machine adopted the working principle of eccentric elastic tooth pick-up film, and realized the recovery of residual film through four processes: pick-up film, pick-up film, de-film device and film collecting box. A tillage depth adjusting device was installed on the frame, which could adjust the angle of the film-lifting teeth and the distance from the drum to the ground, thereby improving the adaptability of the machine. Through the detailed analysis of the trajectory and force of the elastic teeth, the circumferential group of the elastic teeth was determined, and the continuity of the effective film picking was realized. The machine is suitable for the recovery of residual film in shallow tillage layer, with film thickness greater than 0.01 mm and film width of 600～900 mm in the field. The design can improve the recovery efficiency of residual film to a certain extent.
引文
[1]马少辉.农田残膜治理回收之浅见[J].新疆农机化,2018(5):39-42.
[2]王频.残膜污染治理的对策和措施[J].农业工程学报,1998(3):185-188.
[3]王文艳.柳林县农田残膜回收技术探索[J].农业技术与装备,2017(10):35-36.
[4]张佳,张宇涛,董黎明,等.国内残膜回收机械研究现状及发展趋势[J].农业科技与装备,2014(4):29-33.
[5]苏国樟,张富贵,樊国奇,等.贵州烟区残膜污染状况与治理技术分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016(7):273-276.
[6]贺怀杰,王振华,郑旭荣,等.典型绿洲区长期膜下滴灌棉田残膜分布现状研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2019(2):63-69.
[7]李斌,王吉奎,蒋蓓,等.SMS-1500型残膜回收机的改进与起输膜分析[J].农机化研究,2013(4):44-51.
[8]贾晶霞,刘汉武,郝新明,等.马铃薯收获机挖掘铲有限元静力学分析[J].农业机械学报,2006(9):86-88.
[9]顾满,胡志超,姬广硕,等.残膜回收机防膜回带机构分析及发展思考[J].农机化研究,2019(4):257-263.
[10]张新超,毕新胜,王志欢,等.钉齿滚筒式残膜回收机关键部件的设计与研究[J].农机化研究,2017(10):72-76.
[11]陈发,史建新,王学农,等.弧型齿残膜捡拾滚筒捡膜的机理[J].农业机械学报,2006(6):36-41.
[12]曾德超.机械土壤动力学[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1995.
[2]王频.残膜污染治理的对策和措施[J].农业工程学报,1998(3):185-188.
[3]王文艳.柳林县农田残膜回收技术探索[J].农业技术与装备,2017(10):35-36.
[4]张佳,张宇涛,董黎明,等.国内残膜回收机械研究现状及发展趋势[J].农业科技与装备,2014(4):29-33.
[5]苏国樟,张富贵,樊国奇,等.贵州烟区残膜污染状况与治理技术分析[J].中国农机化学报,2016(7):273-276.
[6]贺怀杰,王振华,郑旭荣,等.典型绿洲区长期膜下滴灌棉田残膜分布现状研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2019(2):63-69.
[7]李斌,王吉奎,蒋蓓,等.SMS-1500型残膜回收机的改进与起输膜分析[J].农机化研究,2013(4):44-51.
[8]贾晶霞,刘汉武,郝新明,等.马铃薯收获机挖掘铲有限元静力学分析[J].农业机械学报,2006(9):86-88.
[9]顾满,胡志超,姬广硕,等.残膜回收机防膜回带机构分析及发展思考[J].农机化研究,2019(4):257-263.
[10]张新超,毕新胜,王志欢,等.钉齿滚筒式残膜回收机关键部件的设计与研究[J].农机化研究,2017(10):72-76.
[11]陈发,史建新,王学农,等.弧型齿残膜捡拾滚筒捡膜的机理[J].农业机械学报,2006(6):36-41.
[12]曾德超.机械土壤动力学[M].北京:北京科学技术出版社,1995.