团体采购在山西煤炭行业的适用性研究
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摘要
煤炭是我国的基础资源,它为我国的经济发展发挥了很大的作用。然而随着全球经济的发展低迷,煤炭行业也遭受了严重的冲击,我国煤炭行业出现了严重的产能过剩问题,在一定程度上阻碍了经济的发展。本研究回顾了煤炭行业的发展现状,基于交易成本理论,将团体采购运用在山西煤炭行业,解决中小企业采购煤炭困难及山西煤炭行业产能过剩的问题。本文运用调查问卷的方式对团体采购联盟这种全新的煤炭采购方式做了适用性调查,向煤炭采购企业发放并收集到了537份问卷,之后运用了结构方程模型对概念模型做了检验。结果发现,当不确定性越高时,中小型煤炭采购企业更愿意采用团体采购,当采购频率越高、采购规模越小时,企业更愿意采用团体采购将订单集合起来联合采购;而采购频率和团体采购没有重大的联系;团体采购可以整合供应链下游的采购需求订单,进而对上游的煤炭生产进行指导,减低煤炭过剩产能,促进煤炭企业的发展。
Coal is China's basic resource and plays an important role in China's economic development.However,with the development of the global economy,the coal industry has also suffered a serious impact.China's coal industry has experienced severe overcapacity problems and has also hindered economic development to some extent.This study reviews the development of the coal industry.Based on the transaction cost theory,this new group procurement method is applied to the Shanxi coal industry to solve the problem of coal procurement by SMEs and overcapacity of coal in Shanxi.This paper uses questionnaires to conduct a survey on the applicability of the new coal procurement methods of the Group Procurement Alliance,and issues and collects 537 questionnaires from coal procurement companies.After examining the conceptual model using the structural equation model,it was found that small and medium-sized coal procurement companies were more willing to adopt group procurement when the uncertainty was higher.When the procurement frequency is high and the procurement scale is small,companies are more willing to use group purchases to assemble orders and purchase together.There is no major department in procurement frequency and group procurement;group procurement can integrate procurement demand orders downstream of the supply chain,thereby guiding upstream coal production,reducing excess coal production capacity,and promoting the development of coal enterprisess.
Coal is China's basic resource and plays an important role in China's economic development.However,with the development of the global economy,the coal industry has also suffered a serious impact.China's coal industry has experienced severe overcapacity problems and has also hindered economic development to some extent.This study reviews the development of the coal industry.Based on the transaction cost theory,this new group procurement method is applied to the Shanxi coal industry to solve the problem of coal procurement by SMEs and overcapacity of coal in Shanxi.This paper uses questionnaires to conduct a survey on the applicability of the new coal procurement methods of the Group Procurement Alliance,and issues and collects 537 questionnaires from coal procurement companies.After examining the conceptual model using the structural equation model,it was found that small and medium-sized coal procurement companies were more willing to adopt group procurement when the uncertainty was higher.When the procurement frequency is high and the procurement scale is small,companies are more willing to use group purchases to assemble orders and purchase together.There is no major department in procurement frequency and group procurement;group procurement can integrate procurement demand orders downstream of the supply chain,thereby guiding upstream coal production,reducing excess coal production capacity,and promoting the development of coal enterprisess.
引文
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[11]高军.大型煤炭生产企业集中长协采购探讨[J].中国煤炭,2017(2):26-27,37.
[12]吴江浩.当前发电厂煤炭采购管理风险分析[J].环球市场信息导报,2017(46):54.
[13]耿玉菊.集散式煤炭交易电子商务平台的构建[J].煤炭技术,2013(10):304-305.
[14]V.G.R.C.Govindaraju,C.F.Tang.The dynamic links between CO2 emissions,economic growth and coal consumption in China and India[J].Applied Energy,2013,104(4),310-318.
[15]刘晔,葛维琦.产能过剩评估指标体系及预警制度研究[J].经济问题,2010(11):38-40.
[16]黎德扬.系统科学视野中的生态文明[J].系统科学学报,2009,17(1):24-29
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[18]王雪峰,李浩.从山西煤炭运输看交通运输与国民经济的协调发展[J].中国工业经济,1992(10):38-41.
[19]李瑞峰.煤炭科学产能影响因素和实现机制研究[J].煤炭经济研究,2012,32(1):14-17.
[20]张永宾,陈培友.多配送中心的煤炭运输联盟车辆调度问题研究[J].物流技术,2012,31(1):92-94.
[21]史杨焱.第三方物流的增值服务[J].铁路采购与物流,2011(3).
[22]Tella,E,Virolainen,V.M.Motives behind purchasing consortia[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2005,93-94(8),161-168.
[23]Essig,M.Purchasing consortia as symbiotic relationships:developing the concept of consortium sourcing[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2000,6(1),13-22.
[24]Nollet,J,Beaulieu,M.Should an organization join a purchasing group?[J].Supply Chain Management:An International Journal,2005,10(1),11-17.
[25]Hendrick,T.E.Purchasing consortiums:horizontal alliances among firms buying common goods and services:what?Who?Why?How?[J].Managing Channel Profits Marketing Science,1997.
[26]Burns,L.R.Role of group purchasing organizations[M].San Francisco,John Wiley&Sons.2002.
[27]Hoffmann,W.H.,Schlosser,R.Success factors of strategic alliances in small and medium-sized enterprises-an empirical survey[J].Long Range Planning,2001(34):357-381.
[28]Schotanus,F,Telgen,J,Boer,L.D.Critical success factors for managing purchasing groups[J].Journal of Purchasing Supply Management,2009,16(1):51-60.
[29]Vangen,S,Huxham,C.Nurturing collaborative relationships:building trust in interorganizational collaboration[J].Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2003,39(1):5-31.
[30]Hoegl,M,Wagner,S.M.Buyer-supplier collaboration in product development projects[J].Journal of Management,2005,31(4):530-548.
[31]Lowson,B.,King,R.,Hunter,A.Quick response[M].England:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.1999.
[32]Scheneller,E.S.The value of group purchasing in the health care supply chain[J].School of Health Administration and Policy.2009.
[33]Zweig,P.L,Zellner,W.Locked out of the hospital[J].Business Week,1998,3569(16):75-76.
[34]Andersson,D,Norrman,A.Procurement of logistics servicesa minutes work or a multi-year project?[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2002,8(1):3-14.
[35]Coase,R.H.The nature of the firm[J].Economica,1937(4):386-405.
[36]Coase,R.H.The firm,the market and the law[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.1988.
[37]Williamson,O.E.Outsourcing:transaction cost economics and supply chain management[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management,2008,44(2):5-16.
[38]Williamson O.E.Strategy research governance and competence perspectives[J].Strategic Management Journal,1999,20(12):1087-1108.
[39]Williamson,O.E.Comparative economic organization:the analysis of discrete structural alternatives[J].Working paper,University of California,Berkeley,1991.
[40]Williamson,O.E.The Economic institutions of capitalism[M].New York:Free Press,1985.
[41]Williamson,O.E.The modern corporation:origins,evolution,attributes[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1981,19(4):1537-1568.
[42]Williamson,O.E.Market and hierarchies:analysis and antitrust implications[M].New York:Free Press,1975.
[43]Stratman,J.K.Facilitating offshoring with enterprise technologies:reducing operational friction in the governance and production of services[J].Journal of Operations Management,2008,26(2):275-287.
[44]Grover,V,Malhotra,M.K.Transaction cost framework in operations and supply chain management research:theory and measurement[J].Journal of Operations Management,2003,21(4):457-473.
[45]Holcomb,T.R,Hitt,M.A.Toward a model of strategic outsourcing[J].Journal of Operations Management,2007,25(2):464-481.
[46]Mclvor,R.How the transaction cost and resource-based theories of the firm inform outsourcing evaluation[J].Journal of Operations Management,2009,27(1):45-63.
[47]RIV Hoek.The purchasing and control of supplementary thirdparty logistics services[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management,2000,36(4):14.
[48]Ellram,L,Billington,C.(2001).Purchasing leverage considerations in the outsourcing decision[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2001(7):15-27.
[49]Yangyan Shi,Tiru Arthanari,Lincoln C.Wood.An empirical study of third-party purchase:New Zealand users'perspective[J].Applied Economics,2017,48:1-14.
[50]Aric Rindfleisch,Jan B.Heide.Transaction Cost Analysis:Past,Present,and Future Applications[J].Journal of Marketing,1997,61(4):30-54.
[51]LM Ellram,W Tate,CR Carter.Applying 3DCE to environmentally responsible manufacturing practices[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2008,16(15):1620-1631.
[52]J Ramsay.Purchasing's strategic irrelevance[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management.2001,7(4):257-263.
[53]Rigdon,E.A necessary an sufficient identification rule for structural equation models estimated[M].Multivariate behavioral research,1995(30):359-383.
[54]Fornell,C.and Larcker,D.F.Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error[J].Journal of Marketing Research,1981,18(1):39-50.
[55]Y Shi,A Zhang,T Arthanari,Y Liu.TCE Cheng.Third-party purchase:An empirical study of third-party logistics providers in China[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2016,171(3):189-200.
[2]H.Bloch,S.Rafiq,R.Salim.Coal consumption,CO2 emission and economic growth in China:empirical evidence and policy responses[J].Energy Econ,2012(34):518-528.
[3]中华人民共和国国家统计局(NBSC).中国统计年鉴[J].北京:中国统计出版社,2012.
[4]中华人民共和国国家统计局(NBSC).中国统计年鉴[J].北京:中国统计出版社,2015.
[5]齐琪,张金锁,杰瑞·C·田.宏、微观视角下的我国煤炭科学产能内涵研究[J].中国煤炭,2012,38(8):16-19.
[6]中国“十三五”煤炭消费控制规划报告(2016-2020)[R].自然资源保护委员会(DRDC),北京,2016.
[7]中国国务院.关于解决煤炭行业产能过剩、实现发展的意见[S].2015.
[8]K.Xu.The Sixth International Coking Coal Resources and Market Summit Forum,Taiyuan[J].2016,accessed 28.03.16 in Chinese,http://finance.ifeng.com/a/20160328/14293368_0.shtml.
[9]Y.Zhang,R Nie,R Shi,M Zhang.Measuring the capacity utilization of the coal sector and its decoupling with economic growth in China's supply-side reform[J].Resources Conservation&Recycling,2016.
[10]Malin Song,Jianlin Wang,Jiajia Zhao.Coal endowment,resource curse,and high coal-consuming industries location:analysis based on large-scale data[J].Resources,Conservation and Recycling,2018,2(129):333-344.
[11]高军.大型煤炭生产企业集中长协采购探讨[J].中国煤炭,2017(2):26-27,37.
[12]吴江浩.当前发电厂煤炭采购管理风险分析[J].环球市场信息导报,2017(46):54.
[13]耿玉菊.集散式煤炭交易电子商务平台的构建[J].煤炭技术,2013(10):304-305.
[14]V.G.R.C.Govindaraju,C.F.Tang.The dynamic links between CO2 emissions,economic growth and coal consumption in China and India[J].Applied Energy,2013,104(4),310-318.
[15]刘晔,葛维琦.产能过剩评估指标体系及预警制度研究[J].经济问题,2010(11):38-40.
[16]黎德扬.系统科学视野中的生态文明[J].系统科学学报,2009,17(1):24-29
[17]乔金锁,王喜富,沈喜生,等.基于复杂网络理论的山西煤炭运输网络复杂性分析[J].北京交通大学学报,2013,37(3):127-132.
[18]王雪峰,李浩.从山西煤炭运输看交通运输与国民经济的协调发展[J].中国工业经济,1992(10):38-41.
[19]李瑞峰.煤炭科学产能影响因素和实现机制研究[J].煤炭经济研究,2012,32(1):14-17.
[20]张永宾,陈培友.多配送中心的煤炭运输联盟车辆调度问题研究[J].物流技术,2012,31(1):92-94.
[21]史杨焱.第三方物流的增值服务[J].铁路采购与物流,2011(3).
[22]Tella,E,Virolainen,V.M.Motives behind purchasing consortia[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2005,93-94(8),161-168.
[23]Essig,M.Purchasing consortia as symbiotic relationships:developing the concept of consortium sourcing[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2000,6(1),13-22.
[24]Nollet,J,Beaulieu,M.Should an organization join a purchasing group?[J].Supply Chain Management:An International Journal,2005,10(1),11-17.
[25]Hendrick,T.E.Purchasing consortiums:horizontal alliances among firms buying common goods and services:what?Who?Why?How?[J].Managing Channel Profits Marketing Science,1997.
[26]Burns,L.R.Role of group purchasing organizations[M].San Francisco,John Wiley&Sons.2002.
[27]Hoffmann,W.H.,Schlosser,R.Success factors of strategic alliances in small and medium-sized enterprises-an empirical survey[J].Long Range Planning,2001(34):357-381.
[28]Schotanus,F,Telgen,J,Boer,L.D.Critical success factors for managing purchasing groups[J].Journal of Purchasing Supply Management,2009,16(1):51-60.
[29]Vangen,S,Huxham,C.Nurturing collaborative relationships:building trust in interorganizational collaboration[J].Journal of Applied Behavioral Science,2003,39(1):5-31.
[30]Hoegl,M,Wagner,S.M.Buyer-supplier collaboration in product development projects[J].Journal of Management,2005,31(4):530-548.
[31]Lowson,B.,King,R.,Hunter,A.Quick response[M].England:John Wiley&Sons Ltd.1999.
[32]Scheneller,E.S.The value of group purchasing in the health care supply chain[J].School of Health Administration and Policy.2009.
[33]Zweig,P.L,Zellner,W.Locked out of the hospital[J].Business Week,1998,3569(16):75-76.
[34]Andersson,D,Norrman,A.Procurement of logistics servicesa minutes work or a multi-year project?[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2002,8(1):3-14.
[35]Coase,R.H.The nature of the firm[J].Economica,1937(4):386-405.
[36]Coase,R.H.The firm,the market and the law[M].Chicago:The University of Chicago Press.1988.
[37]Williamson,O.E.Outsourcing:transaction cost economics and supply chain management[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management,2008,44(2):5-16.
[38]Williamson O.E.Strategy research governance and competence perspectives[J].Strategic Management Journal,1999,20(12):1087-1108.
[39]Williamson,O.E.Comparative economic organization:the analysis of discrete structural alternatives[J].Working paper,University of California,Berkeley,1991.
[40]Williamson,O.E.The Economic institutions of capitalism[M].New York:Free Press,1985.
[41]Williamson,O.E.The modern corporation:origins,evolution,attributes[J].Journal of Economic Literature,1981,19(4):1537-1568.
[42]Williamson,O.E.Market and hierarchies:analysis and antitrust implications[M].New York:Free Press,1975.
[43]Stratman,J.K.Facilitating offshoring with enterprise technologies:reducing operational friction in the governance and production of services[J].Journal of Operations Management,2008,26(2):275-287.
[44]Grover,V,Malhotra,M.K.Transaction cost framework in operations and supply chain management research:theory and measurement[J].Journal of Operations Management,2003,21(4):457-473.
[45]Holcomb,T.R,Hitt,M.A.Toward a model of strategic outsourcing[J].Journal of Operations Management,2007,25(2):464-481.
[46]Mclvor,R.How the transaction cost and resource-based theories of the firm inform outsourcing evaluation[J].Journal of Operations Management,2009,27(1):45-63.
[47]RIV Hoek.The purchasing and control of supplementary thirdparty logistics services[J].Journal of Supply Chain Management,2000,36(4):14.
[48]Ellram,L,Billington,C.(2001).Purchasing leverage considerations in the outsourcing decision[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management,2001(7):15-27.
[49]Yangyan Shi,Tiru Arthanari,Lincoln C.Wood.An empirical study of third-party purchase:New Zealand users'perspective[J].Applied Economics,2017,48:1-14.
[50]Aric Rindfleisch,Jan B.Heide.Transaction Cost Analysis:Past,Present,and Future Applications[J].Journal of Marketing,1997,61(4):30-54.
[51]LM Ellram,W Tate,CR Carter.Applying 3DCE to environmentally responsible manufacturing practices[J].Journal of Cleaner Production,2008,16(15):1620-1631.
[52]J Ramsay.Purchasing's strategic irrelevance[J].European Journal of Purchasing&Supply Management.2001,7(4):257-263.
[53]Rigdon,E.A necessary an sufficient identification rule for structural equation models estimated[M].Multivariate behavioral research,1995(30):359-383.
[54]Fornell,C.and Larcker,D.F.Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error[J].Journal of Marketing Research,1981,18(1):39-50.
[55]Y Shi,A Zhang,T Arthanari,Y Liu.TCE Cheng.Third-party purchase:An empirical study of third-party logistics providers in China[J].International Journal of Production Economics,2016,171(3):189-200.