散发型脑淀粉样血管病——认识、进展到诊断革命
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摘要
<正>脑淀粉样血管病(CAA)最早于1909年由Oppenheim报告,是指Aβ沉积于脑皮质和软脑膜血管所致的脑血管病。越来越多的证据~[1-2]表明,CAA在老年人群中极为常见,是自发性脑出血(ICH)的常见原因,也是年龄相关认知功能下降的重要原因。由
引文
[1]Charidimou A,Boulouis G,Gurol ME,et al.Emerging concepts in sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Brain,2017,140(7):1829-1850.
[2]Boulouis G,Charidimou A,Greenberg SM.Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy:pathophysiology,neuroimaging features,and clinical implications[J].Semin Neurol,2016,36(3):233-243.
[3]Greenberg SM,Briggs ME,Hyman BT,et al.Apolipoprotein Eepsilon 4 is associated with the presence and earlier onset of hemorrhage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,1996,27(8):1333-1337.
[4]Linn J,Halpin A,Demaerel P,et al.Prevalence of superficial siderosis in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2010,74(17):1346-1350.
[5]De Simone CV,Graff-Radford J,El-Harasis MA,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:diagnosis,clinical implications,and management strategies in atrial fibrillation[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2017,70(9):1173-1182.
[6]Auriel E,Greenberg SM.The pathophysiology and clinical presentation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Curr Atheroscler Rep,2012,14(4):343-350.
[7]Sharma R,Dearaugo S,Infeld B,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:review of clinico-radiological features and mimics[J].J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol,2018.[Epub ahead of print]
[8]Yamada M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:emerging concepts[J].JStroke,2015,17(1):17-30.
[9]Hartz AM,Bauer B,Soldner EL,et al.Amyloid-βcontributes to blood-brain barrier leakage in transgenic human amyloid precursor protein mice and in humans with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,2012,43(2):514-523.
[10]Charidimou A,Gang Q,Werring DJ.Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy revisited:recent insights into pathophysiology and clinical spectrum[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2012,83(2):124-137.
[11]Block F,Dafotakis M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in stroke medicine[J].Dtsch Arztebl Int,2017,114(3):37-42.
[12]Yamada M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:an overview[J].Neuropathology,2000,20(1):8-22.
[13]Ellis RJ,Olichney JM,Thal LJ,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease:the CERAD experience,PartⅩⅤ[J].Neurology,1996,46(6):1592-1596.
[14]Arvanitakis Z,Leurgans SE,Wang Z,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy pathology and cognitive domains in older persons[J].Ann Neurol,2011,69(2):320-327.
[15]Keage HA,Carare RO,Friedland RP,et al.Population studies of sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy and dementia:a systematic review[J].BMC Neurol,2009,9:3.
[16]Illsley A,Ramadan H.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:a transient ischaemic attack mimic[J].Clin Med(Lond),2014,14(3):255-259.
[17]Meretoja A,Strbian D,Putaala J,et al.SMASH-U:a proposal for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Stroke,2012,43(10):2592-2597.
[18]Yeh SJ,Tang SC,Tsai LK,et al.Pathogenetical subtypes of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage:designations by SMASH-U classification system[J].Stroke,2014,45(9):2636-2642.
[19]van Etten ES,Gurol ME,van der Grond J,et al.Recurrent hemorrhage risk and mortality in hereditary and sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2016,87(14):1482-1487.
[20]Hirohata M,Yoshita M,Ishida C,et al.Clinical features of nonhypertensive lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Eur J Neurol,2010,17(6):823-829.
[21]Yates PA,Sirisriro R,Villemagne VL,et al.Cerebral microhemorrhage and brainβ-amyloid in aging and Alzheimer disease[J].Neurology,2011,77(1):48-54.
[22]Poels MM,Ikram MA,van der Lugt A,et al.Cerebral microbleeds are associated with worse cognitive function:the Rotterdam scan study[J].Neurology,2012,78(5):326-333.
[23]Charidimou A,Linn J,Vernooij MW,et al.Cortical superficial siderosis:detection and clinical significance in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and related conditions[J].Brain,2015,138(Pt8):2126-2139.
[24]Shoamanesh A,Martinez-Ramirez S,Oliveira-Filho J,et al.Interrelationship of superficial siderosis and microbleeds in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2014,83(20):1838-1843.
[25]Lummel N,Wollenweber FA,Demaerel P,et al.Clinical spectrum,underlying etiologies and radiological characteristics of cortical superficial siderosis[J].J Neurol,2015,262(6):1455-1462.
[26]Linn J,Wollenweber FA,Lummel N,et al.Superficial siderosis is a warning sign for future intracranial hemorrhage[J].J Neurol,2013,260(1):176-181.
[27]Charidimou A,Peeters AP,Jger R,et al.Cortical superficial siderosis and intracerebral hemorrhage risk in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2013,81(19):1666-1673.
[28]Levy M,Turtzo C,Llinas RH.Superficial siderosis:a case report and review of the literature[J].Nat Clin Pract Neurol,2007,3(1):54-58.
[29]Lauer A,van Veluw SJ,William CM,et al.Microbleeds on MRIare associated with microinfarcts on autopsy in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2016,87(14):1488-1492.
[30]Wermer MJH,Greenberg SM.The growing clinical spectrum of cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Curr Opin Neurol,2018,31(1):28-35.
[31]Pfeifer LA,White LR,Ross GW,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cognitive function:the HAAS autopsy study[J].Neurology,2002,58(11):1629-1634.
[32]Xiong L,Boulouis G,Charidimou A,et al.Dementia incidence and predictors in cerebral amyloid angiopathy patients without intracerebral hemorrhage[J].J Cereb Blood Flow Metab,2018,38(2):241-249.
[33]Moulin S,Labreuche J,Bombois S,et al.Dementia risk after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage:a prospective cohort study[J].Lancet Neurol,2016,15(8):820-829.
[34]Kirshner HS,Bradshaw M.The Inflammatory form of cerebral amyloid angiopathy or“cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation”(CAARI)[J].Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep,2015,15(8):54.
[35]Charidimou A.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation biomarkers:where are we now?[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2016,50(1):9-11.
[36]Carmona-Iragui M,Fernández-Arcos A,Alcolea D,et al.Cerebrospinal fluid anti-amyloid-βautoantibodies and amyloid PET in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2016,50(1):1-7.
[37]Morris E,Chalkidou A,Hammers A,et al.Diagnostic accuracy of18F amyloid PET tracers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imag,2016,43(2):374-385.
[38]van Etten ES,Verbeek MM,van der Grond J,et al.β-Amyloid in CSF:biomarker for preclinical cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2017,88(2):169-176.
[39]Thoonsen H,Richard E,Bentham P,et al.Aspirin in Alzheimer's disease:increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage:cause for concern?[J].Stroke,2010,41(11):2690-2692.
[40]Vernooij MW,Haag MD,van der Lugt A,et al.Use of antithrombotic drugs and the presence of cerebral microbleeds:the Rotterdam Scan Study[J].Arch Neurol,2009,66(6):714-720.
[41]Sperling R,Salloway S,Brooks DJ,et al.Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with bapineuzumab:a retrospective analysis[J].Lancet Neurol,2012,11(3):241-249.
[42]Greenberg SM,Charidimou A.Diagnosis of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy:Evolution of the Boston Criteria[J].Stroke,2018,49(2):491-497.
[43]Linn J,Halpin A,Demaerel P,et al.Prevalence of superficial siderosis in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2010,74(17):1346-1350.
[44]Charidimou A,Jaunmuktane Z,Baron JC,et al.White matter perivascular spaces:an MRI marker in pathology-proven cerebral amyloid angiopathy?[J].Neurology,2014,82(1):57-62.
[45]Chung KK,Anderson NE,Hutchinson D,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation:three case reports and a review[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2011,82(1):20-26.
[46]Auriel E,Charidimou A,Gurol ME,et al.Validation of clinicoradiological criteria for the diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation[J].JAMA Neurol,2016,73(2):197-202.
[47]Petridis AK,Barth H,Buhl R,et al.Outcome of cerebral amyloid angiopathic brain haemorrhage[J].Acta Neurochir(Wien),2008,150(9):889-895.
[48]Izumihara A,Ishihara T,Iwamoto N,et al.Postoperative outcome of 37 patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,1999,30(1):29-33.
[49]Arima H,Tzourio C,Anderson C,et al.Effects of perindoprilbased lowering of blood pressure on intracerebral hemorrhage related to amyloid angiopathy:the PROGRESS trial[J].Stroke,2010,41(2):394-396.
[50]O'Donnell MJ,Eikelboom JW,Yusuf S,et al.Effect of apixaban on brain infarction and microbleeds:AVERROES-MRI assessment study[J].Am Heart J,2016,178:145-150.
[51]Karam JG,Loney-Hutchinson L,Mc Farlane SI.High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack:the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels(SPARCL)investigators[J].J Cardiometab Syndr,2008,3(1):68-69.
[2]Boulouis G,Charidimou A,Greenberg SM.Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy:pathophysiology,neuroimaging features,and clinical implications[J].Semin Neurol,2016,36(3):233-243.
[3]Greenberg SM,Briggs ME,Hyman BT,et al.Apolipoprotein Eepsilon 4 is associated with the presence and earlier onset of hemorrhage in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,1996,27(8):1333-1337.
[4]Linn J,Halpin A,Demaerel P,et al.Prevalence of superficial siderosis in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2010,74(17):1346-1350.
[5]De Simone CV,Graff-Radford J,El-Harasis MA,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:diagnosis,clinical implications,and management strategies in atrial fibrillation[J].J Am Coll Cardiol,2017,70(9):1173-1182.
[6]Auriel E,Greenberg SM.The pathophysiology and clinical presentation of cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Curr Atheroscler Rep,2012,14(4):343-350.
[7]Sharma R,Dearaugo S,Infeld B,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:review of clinico-radiological features and mimics[J].J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol,2018.[Epub ahead of print]
[8]Yamada M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:emerging concepts[J].JStroke,2015,17(1):17-30.
[9]Hartz AM,Bauer B,Soldner EL,et al.Amyloid-βcontributes to blood-brain barrier leakage in transgenic human amyloid precursor protein mice and in humans with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,2012,43(2):514-523.
[10]Charidimou A,Gang Q,Werring DJ.Sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy revisited:recent insights into pathophysiology and clinical spectrum[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2012,83(2):124-137.
[11]Block F,Dafotakis M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in stroke medicine[J].Dtsch Arztebl Int,2017,114(3):37-42.
[12]Yamada M.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:an overview[J].Neuropathology,2000,20(1):8-22.
[13]Ellis RJ,Olichney JM,Thal LJ,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease:the CERAD experience,PartⅩⅤ[J].Neurology,1996,46(6):1592-1596.
[14]Arvanitakis Z,Leurgans SE,Wang Z,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy pathology and cognitive domains in older persons[J].Ann Neurol,2011,69(2):320-327.
[15]Keage HA,Carare RO,Friedland RP,et al.Population studies of sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy and dementia:a systematic review[J].BMC Neurol,2009,9:3.
[16]Illsley A,Ramadan H.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy:a transient ischaemic attack mimic[J].Clin Med(Lond),2014,14(3):255-259.
[17]Meretoja A,Strbian D,Putaala J,et al.SMASH-U:a proposal for etiologic classification of intracerebral hemorrhage[J].Stroke,2012,43(10):2592-2597.
[18]Yeh SJ,Tang SC,Tsai LK,et al.Pathogenetical subtypes of recurrent intracerebral hemorrhage:designations by SMASH-U classification system[J].Stroke,2014,45(9):2636-2642.
[19]van Etten ES,Gurol ME,van der Grond J,et al.Recurrent hemorrhage risk and mortality in hereditary and sporadic cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2016,87(14):1482-1487.
[20]Hirohata M,Yoshita M,Ishida C,et al.Clinical features of nonhypertensive lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Eur J Neurol,2010,17(6):823-829.
[21]Yates PA,Sirisriro R,Villemagne VL,et al.Cerebral microhemorrhage and brainβ-amyloid in aging and Alzheimer disease[J].Neurology,2011,77(1):48-54.
[22]Poels MM,Ikram MA,van der Lugt A,et al.Cerebral microbleeds are associated with worse cognitive function:the Rotterdam scan study[J].Neurology,2012,78(5):326-333.
[23]Charidimou A,Linn J,Vernooij MW,et al.Cortical superficial siderosis:detection and clinical significance in cerebral amyloid angiopathy and related conditions[J].Brain,2015,138(Pt8):2126-2139.
[24]Shoamanesh A,Martinez-Ramirez S,Oliveira-Filho J,et al.Interrelationship of superficial siderosis and microbleeds in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2014,83(20):1838-1843.
[25]Lummel N,Wollenweber FA,Demaerel P,et al.Clinical spectrum,underlying etiologies and radiological characteristics of cortical superficial siderosis[J].J Neurol,2015,262(6):1455-1462.
[26]Linn J,Wollenweber FA,Lummel N,et al.Superficial siderosis is a warning sign for future intracranial hemorrhage[J].J Neurol,2013,260(1):176-181.
[27]Charidimou A,Peeters AP,Jger R,et al.Cortical superficial siderosis and intracerebral hemorrhage risk in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2013,81(19):1666-1673.
[28]Levy M,Turtzo C,Llinas RH.Superficial siderosis:a case report and review of the literature[J].Nat Clin Pract Neurol,2007,3(1):54-58.
[29]Lauer A,van Veluw SJ,William CM,et al.Microbleeds on MRIare associated with microinfarcts on autopsy in cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2016,87(14):1488-1492.
[30]Wermer MJH,Greenberg SM.The growing clinical spectrum of cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Curr Opin Neurol,2018,31(1):28-35.
[31]Pfeifer LA,White LR,Ross GW,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy and cognitive function:the HAAS autopsy study[J].Neurology,2002,58(11):1629-1634.
[32]Xiong L,Boulouis G,Charidimou A,et al.Dementia incidence and predictors in cerebral amyloid angiopathy patients without intracerebral hemorrhage[J].J Cereb Blood Flow Metab,2018,38(2):241-249.
[33]Moulin S,Labreuche J,Bombois S,et al.Dementia risk after spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage:a prospective cohort study[J].Lancet Neurol,2016,15(8):820-829.
[34]Kirshner HS,Bradshaw M.The Inflammatory form of cerebral amyloid angiopathy or“cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation”(CAARI)[J].Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep,2015,15(8):54.
[35]Charidimou A.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation biomarkers:where are we now?[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2016,50(1):9-11.
[36]Carmona-Iragui M,Fernández-Arcos A,Alcolea D,et al.Cerebrospinal fluid anti-amyloid-βautoantibodies and amyloid PET in cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation[J].J Alzheimers Dis,2016,50(1):1-7.
[37]Morris E,Chalkidou A,Hammers A,et al.Diagnostic accuracy of18F amyloid PET tracers for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease:a systematic review and meta-analysis[J].Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imag,2016,43(2):374-385.
[38]van Etten ES,Verbeek MM,van der Grond J,et al.β-Amyloid in CSF:biomarker for preclinical cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2017,88(2):169-176.
[39]Thoonsen H,Richard E,Bentham P,et al.Aspirin in Alzheimer's disease:increased risk of intracerebral hemorrhage:cause for concern?[J].Stroke,2010,41(11):2690-2692.
[40]Vernooij MW,Haag MD,van der Lugt A,et al.Use of antithrombotic drugs and the presence of cerebral microbleeds:the Rotterdam Scan Study[J].Arch Neurol,2009,66(6):714-720.
[41]Sperling R,Salloway S,Brooks DJ,et al.Amyloid-related imaging abnormalities in patients with Alzheimer's disease treated with bapineuzumab:a retrospective analysis[J].Lancet Neurol,2012,11(3):241-249.
[42]Greenberg SM,Charidimou A.Diagnosis of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy:Evolution of the Boston Criteria[J].Stroke,2018,49(2):491-497.
[43]Linn J,Halpin A,Demaerel P,et al.Prevalence of superficial siderosis in patients with cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Neurology,2010,74(17):1346-1350.
[44]Charidimou A,Jaunmuktane Z,Baron JC,et al.White matter perivascular spaces:an MRI marker in pathology-proven cerebral amyloid angiopathy?[J].Neurology,2014,82(1):57-62.
[45]Chung KK,Anderson NE,Hutchinson D,et al.Cerebral amyloid angiopathy related inflammation:three case reports and a review[J].J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry,2011,82(1):20-26.
[46]Auriel E,Charidimou A,Gurol ME,et al.Validation of clinicoradiological criteria for the diagnosis of cerebral amyloid angiopathy-related inflammation[J].JAMA Neurol,2016,73(2):197-202.
[47]Petridis AK,Barth H,Buhl R,et al.Outcome of cerebral amyloid angiopathic brain haemorrhage[J].Acta Neurochir(Wien),2008,150(9):889-895.
[48]Izumihara A,Ishihara T,Iwamoto N,et al.Postoperative outcome of 37 patients with lobar intracerebral hemorrhage related to cerebral amyloid angiopathy[J].Stroke,1999,30(1):29-33.
[49]Arima H,Tzourio C,Anderson C,et al.Effects of perindoprilbased lowering of blood pressure on intracerebral hemorrhage related to amyloid angiopathy:the PROGRESS trial[J].Stroke,2010,41(2):394-396.
[50]O'Donnell MJ,Eikelboom JW,Yusuf S,et al.Effect of apixaban on brain infarction and microbleeds:AVERROES-MRI assessment study[J].Am Heart J,2016,178:145-150.
[51]Karam JG,Loney-Hutchinson L,Mc Farlane SI.High-dose atorvastatin after stroke or transient ischemic attack:the stroke prevention by aggressive reduction in cholesterol levels(SPARCL)investigators[J].J Cardiometab Syndr,2008,3(1):68-69.