高温胁迫对洋竹草生长及部分生理指标的影响
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摘要
采用人工模拟气候鉴定法,利用人工气候箱设计3个温度处理,对洋竹草叶片形态及生理指标进行测定及分析。结果表明:(1)高温胁迫使洋竹草叶片长度、宽度发生了减小,叶片厚度增加,叶片长度在10.64～16.32 mm,叶片宽度在6.1～9.0 mm,叶片厚度在0.54～0.84 mm。(2)与对照相比,洋竹草的SOD、POD和CAT活性随温度的升高而升高,通过增强POD、SOD、CAT的活性清除因胁迫积累的过氧化氢及活性氧,以维持细胞内活性氧产生和清除之间的平衡,保护细胞膜的稳定性,进而提高对高温逆境的抗性。MDA及相对电导率质量摩尔浓度呈不断升高的趋势,且在38℃高温胁迫15 d时达到最大值,相对电导率在30℃胁迫10 d时与对照差异不显著(P>0.05),MDA含量在38℃胁迫10 d时与对照相比增幅不大,为0.94 mg/g。
In this study, the artificial simulated climate identification method was adopted, and three temperature treatments were designed by using the artificial climate box. The results showed that:(1) High temperature stress reduced the leaf length and width, increased the leaf thickness. The leaf length was 10.64～16.32 mm. The leaf width was 6.1～9.0 mm. The leaf thickness was 0.54～0.84 mm.(2) Compared with the control, the SOD, POD and CAT activity of bamboo grass increased with the temperature increasing. Along with the increase in the activity of POD, SOD and CAT, the accumulated hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species due to stress were removed, and the balance between the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in cells was maintained to protect the stability of cell membrane, and thus the resistance to high temperature stress was improved. The MDA content and relative conductivity molar concentration were in a rising trend, and they reached the maximum values under 38 ℃ high temperature stress for 15 d. In comparison with the control, the relative electric conductivity under 10-d 30 ℃ stress was not significantly different(P>0.05), and the MDA content increased little under 10-d 38 ℃ stress, being 0.94 mg/g.
In this study, the artificial simulated climate identification method was adopted, and three temperature treatments were designed by using the artificial climate box. The results showed that:(1) High temperature stress reduced the leaf length and width, increased the leaf thickness. The leaf length was 10.64～16.32 mm. The leaf width was 6.1～9.0 mm. The leaf thickness was 0.54～0.84 mm.(2) Compared with the control, the SOD, POD and CAT activity of bamboo grass increased with the temperature increasing. Along with the increase in the activity of POD, SOD and CAT, the accumulated hydrogen peroxide and reactive oxygen species due to stress were removed, and the balance between the generation and scavenging of reactive oxygen species in cells was maintained to protect the stability of cell membrane, and thus the resistance to high temperature stress was improved. The MDA content and relative conductivity molar concentration were in a rising trend, and they reached the maximum values under 38 ℃ high temperature stress for 15 d. In comparison with the control, the relative electric conductivity under 10-d 30 ℃ stress was not significantly different(P>0.05), and the MDA content increased little under 10-d 38 ℃ stress, being 0.94 mg/g.
引文
[1] 曾宪锋,马金双,曾庆宜.洋竹草属——中国大陆新归化属[J].广东农业科学,2014,41(7):57-58.
[2] 曾红,温庚金,罗旭荣,等.4种轻型屋顶绿化植物抗旱能力的综合评价[J].草业科学,2016,33(6):1084-1093.
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[6] 周琦,祝遵凌,施曼.盐胁迫对鹅耳枥生长及生理生化特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(6):56-60.
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[8] 朱荣,慕宇,康建宏,等.不同施氮量对花后高温春小麦叶绿素含量及荧光特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(4):609-615.
[9] 孙梅,田昆,张贇,等.植物叶片功能性状及其环境适应研究[J].植物科学学报,2017,35(6):940-949.
[10] 许洺山,黄海侠,史青茹,等.浙东常绿阔叶林植物功能性状对土壤含水量变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(9):857-866.
[11] 刘希珍,封焕英,蔡春菊,等.毛竹向阔叶林扩展过程中的叶功能性状研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(8):8-17.
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[14] Mirzaee M,Moieni A,Ghanati F.Effects of drought stress on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars[J].Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology,2013,15(3):593-602.
[15] 覃泳智,周智丽,刘海涛,等.外源水杨酸对高温胁迫微型月季生理指标的影响[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(10):2028-2033.
[16] 张燕红,吴永波,刘璇,等.高温和干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗光合性能和抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017(11):32-38.
[17] 王传凯,郭淼.油菜素内酯对裸燕麦常温和高温胁迫下生长形态及生理特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1173-1177.
[18] 李小玲,雒玲玲,华智锐.高温胁迫下高山杜鹃的生理生化响应[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(2):253-259.
[19] 张家玲,马英姿,胡文俐,等.高温胁迫对滇重楼生理指标的影响[J].中草药,2018(17):4135.
[20] 杨威,朱建强,吴启侠,等.花铃期短期渍水和高温对棉花叶片光合特性、膜脂过氧化代谢及产量的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(5):504-512.
[21] 肖人鹏,唐永群,刘强明,等.高温伏旱下籼粳型水稻不育系的开花习性[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(11):1954-1960.
[22] 韩瑞宏.苗期紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的适应机制研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.
[2] 曾红,温庚金,罗旭荣,等.4种轻型屋顶绿化植物抗旱能力的综合评价[J].草业科学,2016,33(6):1084-1093.
[3] 高俊凤.植物生理学实验指导[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[4] 陈建勋,王晓峰.植物生理学实验指导(第二版)[M].广州:华南理工大学出版社,2006:64-66.
[5] 杨帆,苗灵凤,胥晓.植物对干旱胁迫的响应研究进展[J].应用与环境生物学报,2007,13(4):586-591.
[6] 周琦,祝遵凌,施曼.盐胁迫对鹅耳枥生长及生理生化特性的影响[J].南京林业大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(6):56-60.
[7] Sack L,Scoffoni C,John G P,et al.How do leaf veins influence the worldwide leaf economic spectrum?Review and synthesis [J].J Exp Bot,2013,64(13):4053-4080.
[8] 朱荣,慕宇,康建宏,等.不同施氮量对花后高温春小麦叶绿素含量及荧光特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(4):609-615.
[9] 孙梅,田昆,张贇,等.植物叶片功能性状及其环境适应研究[J].植物科学学报,2017,35(6):940-949.
[10] 许洺山,黄海侠,史青茹,等.浙东常绿阔叶林植物功能性状对土壤含水量变化的响应[J].植物生态学报,2015,39(9):857-866.
[11] 刘希珍,封焕英,蔡春菊,等.毛竹向阔叶林扩展过程中的叶功能性状研究[J].北京林业大学学报,2015,37(8):8-17.
[12] 邱菊.西南区野生马蹄金抗旱性研究[D].雅安:四川农业大学,2009.
[13] Leafe E L,Jones M B,Stiles W.The physiological effects of water stress on Perennial ryegrass in the field[C]//Wojahn E,Thons H.Proeeedings of the Ⅶ international grassland.Berlin:AkZdemiw Verlag,1980:253-260.
[14] Mirzaee M,Moieni A,Ghanati F.Effects of drought stress on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in two canola (Brassica napus L.) cultivars[J].Journal of Agricultural Science & Technology,2013,15(3):593-602.
[15] 覃泳智,周智丽,刘海涛,等.外源水杨酸对高温胁迫微型月季生理指标的影响[J].南方农业学报,2018,49(10):2028-2033.
[16] 张燕红,吴永波,刘璇,等.高温和干旱胁迫对杨树幼苗光合性能和抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].东北林业大学学报,2017(11):32-38.
[17] 王传凯,郭淼.油菜素内酯对裸燕麦常温和高温胁迫下生长形态及生理特性的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1173-1177.
[18] 李小玲,雒玲玲,华智锐.高温胁迫下高山杜鹃的生理生化响应[J].西北农业学报,2018,27(2):253-259.
[19] 张家玲,马英姿,胡文俐,等.高温胁迫对滇重楼生理指标的影响[J].中草药,2018(17):4135.
[20] 杨威,朱建强,吴启侠,等.花铃期短期渍水和高温对棉花叶片光合特性、膜脂过氧化代谢及产量的影响[J].棉花学报,2016,28(5):504-512.
[21] 肖人鹏,唐永群,刘强明,等.高温伏旱下籼粳型水稻不育系的开花习性[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(11):1954-1960.
[22] 韩瑞宏.苗期紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa)对干旱胁迫的适应机制研究[D].北京:北京林业大学,2006.