激光能量密度对NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层组织结构及耐蚀性能的影响
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摘要
目的探究激光能量密度对NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层组织结构及耐腐蚀性能的影响。方法以Ti-6Al-4V为基体材料,通过激光熔覆手段,在四种不同激光参数条件下制备了NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层。利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)及X射线衍射仪(XRD)表征了高熵合金涂层的物相组成及显微组织。通过电化学测试系统对涂层的耐腐蚀性能进行了分析。结果采用激光熔覆技术方法成功在Ti-6Al-4V基体表面制备出NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层,其微观组织均由BCC高熵合金相、α-Ti相和(Ni,Co)Ti_2相组成。由于稀释作用,涂层中出现了黑色的富钛稀释相。随着激光能量密度的减小,黑色相尺寸和总面积减小,分布更均匀。激光密度为53 J/mm~2制得的涂层稀释率最低,固溶程度良好。NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液中的钝化区间基本相同,激光密度为53 J/mm~2制得的涂层自腐蚀电位最大,为-0.262 V,自腐蚀电流密度最小,为1.3705×10~(-7) A/cm~2,其抵抗均匀腐蚀能力最优。此外,NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层在Na Cl+H_2SO_4的混合溶液中仍具有相对较好的耐腐蚀性能,自腐蚀电流密度达到了10~(-6)～10~(-4) A/cm~2数量级。结论激光能量密度会直接影响NiCrCoTiV高熵合金涂层的组织结构及耐蚀性能。激光能量密度越低,涂层的晶粒越细,相分布更均匀,耐蚀性能越好。
The work aims to study the effect of laser energy density on microstructure and corrosion resistance of NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating.NiCrCoTiV coatings were prepared by laser cladding with Ti-6Al-4V as the matrix material under four different laser parameters.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and electrochemical testing system were used to characterize and analyze the phase composition,microstructure and corrosion resistance of the coatings.NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating was successfully prepared on Ti-6Al-4V substrate by laser cladding technology.The NiCrCoTiV coating was composed of BCC high-entropy alloy phase,α-Ti phase and(Ni,Co)Ti_2 phase.As a result of the dilution,black ti-rich diluent phase appeared in the coating.With the decrease of laser energy density,the size and total area of black phase decreased and the distribution,became more uniform.The coating prepared with laser density of 53 J/mm~2 had the lowest dilution rate and good solid solubility.The passivation interval of NiCrCoTiV high-entropy alloy coating in 3.5%NaCl solution was basically the same.The coating prepared with laser density of 53 J/mm~2 had the highest free-corrosion potential,-0.262 V and the free-corrosion current density is the smallest,1.3705×10~(-7) A/cm~2.The corrosion resistance was the best.In addition,Ni Cr Co TiV coating still had relatively good corrosion resistance in NaCl+H_2SO_4 mixture solution.The free-corrosion current density reached 10~(-6)～10~(-4) A/cm~2 magnitude.The microstructure and corrosion resistance of NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating are directly affected by the laser energy density.The lower laser energy density results in thinner grain size,more uniform phase distribution and better corrosion resistance.
The work aims to study the effect of laser energy density on microstructure and corrosion resistance of NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating.NiCrCoTiV coatings were prepared by laser cladding with Ti-6Al-4V as the matrix material under four different laser parameters.Scanning electron microscopy(SEM),X-ray diffraction(XRD)and electrochemical testing system were used to characterize and analyze the phase composition,microstructure and corrosion resistance of the coatings.NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating was successfully prepared on Ti-6Al-4V substrate by laser cladding technology.The NiCrCoTiV coating was composed of BCC high-entropy alloy phase,α-Ti phase and(Ni,Co)Ti_2 phase.As a result of the dilution,black ti-rich diluent phase appeared in the coating.With the decrease of laser energy density,the size and total area of black phase decreased and the distribution,became more uniform.The coating prepared with laser density of 53 J/mm~2 had the lowest dilution rate and good solid solubility.The passivation interval of NiCrCoTiV high-entropy alloy coating in 3.5%NaCl solution was basically the same.The coating prepared with laser density of 53 J/mm~2 had the highest free-corrosion potential,-0.262 V and the free-corrosion current density is the smallest,1.3705×10~(-7) A/cm~2.The corrosion resistance was the best.In addition,Ni Cr Co TiV coating still had relatively good corrosion resistance in NaCl+H_2SO_4 mixture solution.The free-corrosion current density reached 10~(-6)～10~(-4) A/cm~2 magnitude.The microstructure and corrosion resistance of NiCrCoTiV high entropy alloy coating are directly affected by the laser energy density.The lower laser energy density results in thinner grain size,more uniform phase distribution and better corrosion resistance.
引文
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[2]HUANG P K,YEH J W,SHUN T T,et al.Multi-principalelement alloys with improved oxidation and wear resistance for thermal spray coating[J].Advanced engineering materials,2004,6(1-2):74-78.
[3]ZOU Y,MA H,SPOLENAK R.Ultrastrong ductile and stable high-entropy alloys at small scales[J].Nature communications,2015(6):7748.
[4]SHON Y,JOSHI S S,KATAKAM S,et al.Laser additive synthesis of high entropy alloy coating on aluminum:Corrosion behavior[J].Materials letters,2015,142:122-125.
[5]ZHANG Y,ZUO T T,TANG Z,et al.Microstructures and properties of high-entropy alloys[J].Progress in materials science,2014,61(8):1-93.
[6]LI Z,PRADEEP K G,DENG Y,et al.Metastable highentropy dual-phase alloys overcome the strength-ductility trade-off[J].Nature,2016,534(7606):227-230.
[7]王重,林万明,马胜国,等.冷轧对Al10Cu25Co20Fe20Ni25高熵合金组织结构及力学性能的影响[J].材料工程,2015,43(8):50-55.WANG Zhong,LIN Wan-ming,MA Sheng-guo,et al.Effect of cold rolling on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al10Cu25Co20Fe20Ni25 high-entropy alloys[J].Materials engineering,2015,43(8):50-55.
[8]LAPLANCHE G,GADAUD P,HORST O,et al.Temperature dependencies of the elastic moduli and thermal expansion coefficient of anequiatomic,single-phase CoCrFeMnNi high-entropy[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2015,623:348-353.
[9]YEH J W,CHEN S K,LIN S J.Nano-structure high entropy alloys with mulitiple principal element[J].Advanced engineering materials,2004(5):299-303.
[10]QIU X W,ZHANG Y P,HE L.Microstructure and corrosion resistance of AlCrFeCuCo high entropy alloy[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2013(5):195-199.
[11]TSAI M H,FAN A C,WANG H A.Effect of atomic size difference on the type of major intermetallic phase in arc melted Co Cr Fe Nix high-entropy alloys[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2017,695:1479-1487.
[12]JI W,WANG W,WANG H,et al.Alloying behavior and novel properties of CoCrFeNiMn high-entropy alloy fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering[J].Intermetallics,2015,56:24-27.
[13]CHEN Y L,TSAI C W,et al.Amorphization of equimolar alloys with HCP elements during mechanical alloying[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2010,506(1):210-215.
[14]BRAECKMAN B R,BOYDENS F,HIDALGO H,et al.High entropy alloy thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering of powder targets[J].Thin solid films,2015,580:71-76.
[15]崔天晓,石岩.激光熔覆制备高熵合金的研究现状及发展趋势[J].机械工程,2015(2):199-201.CUI Tian-xiao,SHI Yan.Research progress and development trend of laser cladding for preparing high-entropy alloy coating[J].Mechanical engineering,2015(2):199-201.
[16]SAMAL S,RAHUL M R,KOTTADA R S,et al.Hot deformation behaviour and processing map of Co-Cu-FeNi-Ti eutectic high entropy alloy[J].Materials science&engineering A,2016,664:227-235.
[17]CHEN W,ZHANG L.High-throughput determination of interdiffusion coefficients for Co-Cr-Fe-Mn-Ni highentropy alloys[J].Journal of phase equilibria&diffusion,2017,38(4):457-465.
[18]STEPANOV N D,SHAYSULTANOV D G,SALISHCHEVG A,et al.Effect of V content on microstructure and mechanical properties of the CoCrFeMnNiVx high entropy alloys[J].Journal of alloys&compounds,2015,628(628):170-185.
[19]LI J,LU Y,YONG D,et al.Annealing effects on the microstructure and properties of bulk high-entropy CoCrFeNiTi0.5 alloy casting ingot[J].Intermetallics,2014,44(1):37-43.
[20]MA S G,CHEN Z D,ZHANG Y.Evolution of microstructures and properties of the AlxCr Cu Fe Ni2 highentropy alloys[J].Materials science forum,2013,745-746:706-714.
[21]WU C L,ZHANG S,ZHANG C H,et al.Phase evolution and properties in laser surface alloying of FeCoCrAlCuNix,high-entropy alloy on copper substrate[J].Surface&coatings technology,2017,315:368-376.
[22]KAO Y F,CHEN S K,CHEN T J,et al.Electrical,magnetic,and Hall properties of AlxCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys[J].Journal of alloys&compounds,2011,509(5):1607-1614.
[23]HSU C Y,YEH J W,CHEN S K,et al.Wear resistance and high-temperature compression strength of Fcc CuCoNi Cr Al0.5Fe alloy with boron addition[J].Metallurgical&materials transactions A,2004,35(5):1465-1469.
[24]KHALED M Y,ALEXANDER J Z,NIU C N,et al.Anovel low-density,high-hardness,high-entropy alloy withclose-pack ed single-phase nanocrystalline structures[J].Mater reserch letters,2015(3):95-99.
[25]BALDENEBRO-LOPEZ F J,HERRERA-RAMIREZ JM,ARREDONDO-REA S P,et al.Simultaneous effect of mechanical alloying and arc-melting processes in the microstructure and hardness of an AlCoFeMoNiTi highentropy alloy[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2015,643:250-255.
[26]温鑫,金国,庞学佳,等.热处理对真空热压烧结Ni Cr Co TiV高熵合金组织结构及耐腐蚀性能的影响[J].材料导报,2017,31(12):79-83.WEN Xin,JIN Guo,PANG Xue-jia,et al.Effect of heat treatment on microstructure and corrosion resistance of NiCrCoTiV high-entropy alloy prepared by vacuum hotpressing sintering[J].Material guide,2017,31(12):79-83.
[27]TORIMS T.The application of laser cladding to mechanical component repair,renovation and regeneration[J].Daaam international scientific book,2013,12:587-608.
[28]LIU J,LI J,CHENG X,et al.Effect of dilution and macrosegregation on corrosion resistance of laser clad AerMet100 steel coating on 300M steel substrate[J].Surface&coatings technology,2017,325:352-359.