安徽巢湖——铜陵地区中强地震发生的构造标志
|
摘要
安徽巢湖—铜陵地区是中国大陆内部1个典型的中强地震活动区,曾发生的1585年巢县南5级、1654年庐江东南5级等4次地震呈NNE向带状展布,构成了1条醒目的中强地震活动带。野外地表地质调查、浅层物探、钻探资料、年代学样品的采集测试和断裂活动性综合分析等表明该地区矾山断裂、夏家岭断裂和朗村断裂是前第四纪断裂。铜陵断裂是1条中更新世活动的隐伏断裂,可发生中强地震,控制了近地表的3个雁列状构造的演化和发展。4次地震强度呈现了向S递减的特点,而这与晚新生代无为盆地的凹陷幅度明显大于南边的贵池盆地的特点相一致。在深部构造上,铜陵断裂空间分布特征对应着1条NNE向布格重力异常梯级带。巢湖—铜陵地区中更新世活动的铜陵断裂、雁列状分布的构造、新构造的差异运动以及布格重力异常梯级带与该地区中强地震活动带在空间上的对应性,显示了它们应是中强地震孕育和发生的构造标志。
The Chaohu-Tongling area in Anhui Province is a typical moderate-to-strong earthquake active area in the mainland of China. Four earthquakes occurred in this area,displayed as a NNE-trending zonal distribution,including the 1585 M5 Chaoxian earthquake and the 1654 M5 Lujiang earthquake,which formed a striking moderate-to-strong seismic activity zone. Field survey,shallow geophysical prospecting,drilling data,collection and dating of chronology samples and comprehensive analysis of fault activity indicate that the Fanshan,Xiajialing and Langcun faults are not active since Quaternary. The NNE-trending Tongling Fault is a buried middle-Pleistocene fault,but it can produce moderate-to-strong earthquakes and control the evolution and development of three en echelon geologic structures. The intensity of the four earthquakes is characterized by southward progressive decrease,which is in accordance with the characteristics that the subsidence range of Wuwei Basin is obviously larger than that of Guichi Basin to its south since late Cenozoic. In terms of deep structure,the characteristics of spatial distribution of Tongling Fault indicate that it corresponds to a NNEstriking Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient belt. So there is a spatial correspondence between the middle-Pleistocene Tongling Fault,the en echelon structures,the differential movement of the neotectonics,the Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient belt and the moderate-to-strong seismic activity belt in the Chaohu-Tongling area, indicating that they should be the tectonic indications of occurrence for moderate-to-strong earthquakes.
The Chaohu-Tongling area in Anhui Province is a typical moderate-to-strong earthquake active area in the mainland of China. Four earthquakes occurred in this area,displayed as a NNE-trending zonal distribution,including the 1585 M5 Chaoxian earthquake and the 1654 M5 Lujiang earthquake,which formed a striking moderate-to-strong seismic activity zone. Field survey,shallow geophysical prospecting,drilling data,collection and dating of chronology samples and comprehensive analysis of fault activity indicate that the Fanshan,Xiajialing and Langcun faults are not active since Quaternary. The NNE-trending Tongling Fault is a buried middle-Pleistocene fault,but it can produce moderate-to-strong earthquakes and control the evolution and development of three en echelon geologic structures. The intensity of the four earthquakes is characterized by southward progressive decrease,which is in accordance with the characteristics that the subsidence range of Wuwei Basin is obviously larger than that of Guichi Basin to its south since late Cenozoic. In terms of deep structure,the characteristics of spatial distribution of Tongling Fault indicate that it corresponds to a NNEstriking Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient belt. So there is a spatial correspondence between the middle-Pleistocene Tongling Fault,the en echelon structures,the differential movement of the neotectonics,the Bouguer gravity anomaly gradient belt and the moderate-to-strong seismic activity belt in the Chaohu-Tongling area, indicating that they should be the tectonic indications of occurrence for moderate-to-strong earthquakes.
引文
安徽省地质矿产局.1987.安徽省区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社.
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Anhui Province.1987.Regional Geology of Anhui Province[M].Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
邓起东,刘白篪,张培震,等.1992.活动断裂工程安全评价和位错量的定量评估[M]∥国家地震局地质研究所.活动断裂研究(2).北京:地震出版社:236-244.
DENG Qi-dong,LIU Bai-chi,ZHANG Pei-zhen,et al.1992.Engineering safety evaluation and displacement quantitative assessment of active fault[M]∥Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau.Research of Active Fault(2).Seismological Press,Beijing:236-244(in Chinese).
丁国瑜,李永善.1979.中国地震活动与地壳现代破裂网络[J].地质学报,(1):22-34.
DING Guo-yu,LI Yong-shan.1979.Seismicity and the recent fracturing pattern of the earth crust in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,(1):22-34(in Chinese).
高孟谭,肖和平,燕为民,等.2008.中强地震活动地区地震区划重要性及关键技术进展[J].震灾防御技术,3(1):1-7.
GAO Meng-tan,XIAO He-ping,YAN Wei-min,et al.2008.The importance of seismic zonation in moderate earthquake area and the recent technical progress[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,3(1):1-7(in Chinese).
国家地震局震害防御司.1995.中国历史强震目录:公元前23世纪-公元1911年[M].北京:地震出版社.
Earthquake Disaster Prevention Department,State Seismological Bureau.1995.The Catalogue of Historical Strong Earthquakes in China:The 23rd Century BC-1911 AD[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
韩竹军,邬伦,于贵华,等.2002.江淮地区布格重力异常与中强地震发生的构造环境分析[J].中国地震,18(3):230-238.
HAN Zhu-jun,WU Lun,YU Gui-hua,et al.2002.The high gradients of Bouguer gravity anomalies and seismotectonics of moderate earthquakes in Jianghuai region,China[J].Earthquake Research in China,18(3):230-238(in Chinese).
侯康明,熊振,李丽梅.2012.对江苏省溧阳2次破坏性地震发震构造的新认识[J].地震地质,34(2):303-312.
HOU Kang-ming,XIONG Zhen,LI Li-mei.2012.New insights into the seismogenic structures of the two destructive earthquakes in Liyang,Jiangsu Province[J].Seismology and Geology,34(2):303-312(in Chinese).
胡连英,徐学思,孙寿成,等.1997.溧阳地震与茅东断裂带[M].北京:地震出版社.
HU Lian-ying,XU Xue-si,SUN Shou-cheng,et al.1997.The Liyang Earthquakes and the Eastern Fault Zone of Maodong[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
刘海泉,闫峻,石永红,等.2008.安徽巢湖-铜陵断裂的地质证据[J].合肥工业大学学报,31(8):1218-1222.
LIU Hai-quan,YAN Jun,SHI Yong-hong,et al.2008.Geological evedence for existing of the Chaohu-Tongling Fault in Anhui Province[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,31(8):1218-1222(in Chinese).
马杏垣.1987.中国岩石圈动力学概要[J].地质学报,2:113-125.
MA Xing-yuan.1987.Summary of the lithospheric dynamics in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2:113-125(in Chinese).
王志才,晁洪太.1999.1995年山东苍山5.2级地震的发震构造[J].地震地质,21(2):115-120.
WANG Zhi-cai,CHAO Hong-tai.1999.The seismogenic structure of the 1995 Cangshan MS5.2 earthquake,Shandong Province[J].Seismology and Geology,2(2):115-120(in Chinese).
向宏发,韩竹军,张晚霞,等.2008.中国东部中强地震发生的地震地质标志初探[J].地震地质,30(1):202-208.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2008.01.014.
XIANG Hong-fa,HAN Zhu-jun,ZHANG Wan-xia,et al.2008.Preliminary study on seismogeologic evidence for moderate earthquakes in East China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(1):202-208(in Chinese).
谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,等.2004.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,47(4):654-662.
XIE Fu-ren,CUI Xiao-feng,ZHAO Jian-tao,et al.2004.Regional division of the recent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,47(4):654-662(in Chinese).
谢富仁,张红艳,崔效锋,等.2011.中国大陆现代构造应力场与强震活动[J].国际地震动态,(1):4-12.
XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Hong-yan,CUI Xiao-feng,et al.2011.The modern tectonic stress field and strong earthquakes in China[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(1):4-12(in Chinese).
鄢家全,贾素娟.1996.中国东北和华北地区中强地震潜在震源区的划分原则和方法[J].中国地震,12(2):173-194.
YAN Jia-quan,JIA Su-juan.1996.The principle and methodology of delineation of potential seismic sources for moderate earthquakes in Northeast and North China[J].Earthquake Research in China,12(2):173-194(in Chinese).
鄢家全,俞言祥,潘华,等.2008.关于识别发震构造的思考与建议[J].国际地震动态,(3):1-17.
YAN Jia-quan,YU Yan-xiang,PAN Hua,et al.2008.Thinking and suggestions on the identification of seismogenic structure[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(3):1-17(in Chinese).
姚大全,刘加灿,李杰,等.2003.六安-霍山地震危险区地震活动和地震构造[J].地震地质,25(2):211-219.
YAO Da-quan,LIU Jia-can,LI Jie,et al.2003.Seismic activities and structures of the Liu'an-Huoshan seismic riskarea[J].Seismology and Geology,25(2):211-219(in Chinese).
叶洪,张文郁,于之水,等.1980.1979年溧阳6级地震震源构造的研究[J].地震地质,2(4):27-38.
YE Hong,ZHANG Wen-yu,YU Zhi-shui,et al.1980.On the source tectonics of 1979 Liyang earthquake of magnitude 6[J].Seismology and Geology,2(4):27-38(in Chinese).
翟洪涛,邓志辉,周本刚,等.2009.1585年安徽巢县南地震核查与发震构造探讨[J].地震地质,31(2):295-304.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2009.02.010.
ZHAI Hong-tao,DENG Zhi-hui,ZHOU Ben-gang,et al.2009.Research on the historical data of the 1585 ADChaoxian earthquake and its seismogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,31(2):295-304(in Chinese).
张裕明.1992.在确定潜在震源区中地震和地质资料的应用[J].地震地质,14(3):275-278.
ZHANG Yu-ming.1992.Determination of potential earthquake source from both seismic and geological data[J].Seismology and Geology,14(3):275-278(in Chinese).
周本刚,沈得秀.2006.地震安全性评价中若干地震地质问题探讨[J].震灾防御技术,1(2):113-120.
ZHOU Ben-gang,SHEN De-xiu.2006.Discussion on some geological problems in earthquake safety evaluation[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,1(2):113-120(in Chinese).
Han Z J,Lu F S,Ji F J,et al.2012.Seismotectonics of the 26 November 2005 Jiujiang-Ruichang,Jiangxi,MS5.7earthquake[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),86(2):497-509.
Xu X W,Yeats R S,Yu G H.2010.Five short historical earthquake surface ruptures near the Silk Road,Gansu Province,China[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,100(2):541-561.
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)安徽省区域地质调查所,1995,1/5万牛埠幅地质图。
(2)安徽省地质局317地质队,1969,1/20万铜陵幅地质矿产图。
Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Anhui Province.1987.Regional Geology of Anhui Province[M].Geological Publishing House,Beijing(in Chinese).
邓起东,刘白篪,张培震,等.1992.活动断裂工程安全评价和位错量的定量评估[M]∥国家地震局地质研究所.活动断裂研究(2).北京:地震出版社:236-244.
DENG Qi-dong,LIU Bai-chi,ZHANG Pei-zhen,et al.1992.Engineering safety evaluation and displacement quantitative assessment of active fault[M]∥Institute of Geology,State Seismological Bureau.Research of Active Fault(2).Seismological Press,Beijing:236-244(in Chinese).
丁国瑜,李永善.1979.中国地震活动与地壳现代破裂网络[J].地质学报,(1):22-34.
DING Guo-yu,LI Yong-shan.1979.Seismicity and the recent fracturing pattern of the earth crust in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,(1):22-34(in Chinese).
高孟谭,肖和平,燕为民,等.2008.中强地震活动地区地震区划重要性及关键技术进展[J].震灾防御技术,3(1):1-7.
GAO Meng-tan,XIAO He-ping,YAN Wei-min,et al.2008.The importance of seismic zonation in moderate earthquake area and the recent technical progress[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,3(1):1-7(in Chinese).
国家地震局震害防御司.1995.中国历史强震目录:公元前23世纪-公元1911年[M].北京:地震出版社.
Earthquake Disaster Prevention Department,State Seismological Bureau.1995.The Catalogue of Historical Strong Earthquakes in China:The 23rd Century BC-1911 AD[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
韩竹军,邬伦,于贵华,等.2002.江淮地区布格重力异常与中强地震发生的构造环境分析[J].中国地震,18(3):230-238.
HAN Zhu-jun,WU Lun,YU Gui-hua,et al.2002.The high gradients of Bouguer gravity anomalies and seismotectonics of moderate earthquakes in Jianghuai region,China[J].Earthquake Research in China,18(3):230-238(in Chinese).
侯康明,熊振,李丽梅.2012.对江苏省溧阳2次破坏性地震发震构造的新认识[J].地震地质,34(2):303-312.
HOU Kang-ming,XIONG Zhen,LI Li-mei.2012.New insights into the seismogenic structures of the two destructive earthquakes in Liyang,Jiangsu Province[J].Seismology and Geology,34(2):303-312(in Chinese).
胡连英,徐学思,孙寿成,等.1997.溧阳地震与茅东断裂带[M].北京:地震出版社.
HU Lian-ying,XU Xue-si,SUN Shou-cheng,et al.1997.The Liyang Earthquakes and the Eastern Fault Zone of Maodong[M].Seismological Press,Beijing(in Chinese).
刘海泉,闫峻,石永红,等.2008.安徽巢湖-铜陵断裂的地质证据[J].合肥工业大学学报,31(8):1218-1222.
LIU Hai-quan,YAN Jun,SHI Yong-hong,et al.2008.Geological evedence for existing of the Chaohu-Tongling Fault in Anhui Province[J].Journal of Hefei University of Technology,31(8):1218-1222(in Chinese).
马杏垣.1987.中国岩石圈动力学概要[J].地质学报,2:113-125.
MA Xing-yuan.1987.Summary of the lithospheric dynamics in China[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2:113-125(in Chinese).
王志才,晁洪太.1999.1995年山东苍山5.2级地震的发震构造[J].地震地质,21(2):115-120.
WANG Zhi-cai,CHAO Hong-tai.1999.The seismogenic structure of the 1995 Cangshan MS5.2 earthquake,Shandong Province[J].Seismology and Geology,2(2):115-120(in Chinese).
向宏发,韩竹军,张晚霞,等.2008.中国东部中强地震发生的地震地质标志初探[J].地震地质,30(1):202-208.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2008.01.014.
XIANG Hong-fa,HAN Zhu-jun,ZHANG Wan-xia,et al.2008.Preliminary study on seismogeologic evidence for moderate earthquakes in East China[J].Seismology and Geology,30(1):202-208(in Chinese).
谢富仁,崔效锋,赵建涛,等.2004.中国大陆及邻区现代构造应力场分区[J].地球物理学报,47(4):654-662.
XIE Fu-ren,CUI Xiao-feng,ZHAO Jian-tao,et al.2004.Regional division of the recent tectonic stress field in China and adjacent areas[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,47(4):654-662(in Chinese).
谢富仁,张红艳,崔效锋,等.2011.中国大陆现代构造应力场与强震活动[J].国际地震动态,(1):4-12.
XIE Fu-ren,ZHANG Hong-yan,CUI Xiao-feng,et al.2011.The modern tectonic stress field and strong earthquakes in China[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(1):4-12(in Chinese).
鄢家全,贾素娟.1996.中国东北和华北地区中强地震潜在震源区的划分原则和方法[J].中国地震,12(2):173-194.
YAN Jia-quan,JIA Su-juan.1996.The principle and methodology of delineation of potential seismic sources for moderate earthquakes in Northeast and North China[J].Earthquake Research in China,12(2):173-194(in Chinese).
鄢家全,俞言祥,潘华,等.2008.关于识别发震构造的思考与建议[J].国际地震动态,(3):1-17.
YAN Jia-quan,YU Yan-xiang,PAN Hua,et al.2008.Thinking and suggestions on the identification of seismogenic structure[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,(3):1-17(in Chinese).
姚大全,刘加灿,李杰,等.2003.六安-霍山地震危险区地震活动和地震构造[J].地震地质,25(2):211-219.
YAO Da-quan,LIU Jia-can,LI Jie,et al.2003.Seismic activities and structures of the Liu'an-Huoshan seismic riskarea[J].Seismology and Geology,25(2):211-219(in Chinese).
叶洪,张文郁,于之水,等.1980.1979年溧阳6级地震震源构造的研究[J].地震地质,2(4):27-38.
YE Hong,ZHANG Wen-yu,YU Zhi-shui,et al.1980.On the source tectonics of 1979 Liyang earthquake of magnitude 6[J].Seismology and Geology,2(4):27-38(in Chinese).
翟洪涛,邓志辉,周本刚,等.2009.1585年安徽巢县南地震核查与发震构造探讨[J].地震地质,31(2):295-304.doi:10.3969/j.issn.0253-4967.2009.02.010.
ZHAI Hong-tao,DENG Zhi-hui,ZHOU Ben-gang,et al.2009.Research on the historical data of the 1585 ADChaoxian earthquake and its seismogenic structure[J].Seismology and Geology,31(2):295-304(in Chinese).
张裕明.1992.在确定潜在震源区中地震和地质资料的应用[J].地震地质,14(3):275-278.
ZHANG Yu-ming.1992.Determination of potential earthquake source from both seismic and geological data[J].Seismology and Geology,14(3):275-278(in Chinese).
周本刚,沈得秀.2006.地震安全性评价中若干地震地质问题探讨[J].震灾防御技术,1(2):113-120.
ZHOU Ben-gang,SHEN De-xiu.2006.Discussion on some geological problems in earthquake safety evaluation[J].Technology for Earthquake Disaster Prevention,1(2):113-120(in Chinese).
Han Z J,Lu F S,Ji F J,et al.2012.Seismotectonics of the 26 November 2005 Jiujiang-Ruichang,Jiangxi,MS5.7earthquake[J].Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition),86(2):497-509.
Xu X W,Yeats R S,Yu G H.2010.Five short historical earthquake surface ruptures near the Silk Road,Gansu Province,China[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,100(2):541-561.
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)北京中震创业工程科技研究院(中国地震局地质研究所)等,2007,安徽芜湖核电站芭茅山厂址可研阶段地震安全性评价报告。
(1)安徽省区域地质调查所,1995,1/5万牛埠幅地质图。
(2)安徽省地质局317地质队,1969,1/20万铜陵幅地质矿产图。