基于集群划分的配电网分布式光伏与储能选址定容规划
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摘要
针对传统分布式电源规划方法难以满足未来含高比例分布式电源的配电网在运行阶段的分区控制需求问题,该文提出分布式电源集群规划的概念和方法。首先,根据系统网架结构和节点负荷特性对配电网进行集群划分,构成配电网—集群—节点多层级网架结构;其次,基于集群划分结果,建立分布式光伏与储能双层协调选址定容规划模型。上层模型以年综合费用最小为目标,决策变量为各集群的分布式光伏总容量、储能容量和功率;下层模型以系统网损最小为目标,决策变量为集群内各节点接入的光伏分容量和储能的并网位置;针对该模型特性,采用嵌入潮流计算的双层迭代混合粒子群算法进行求解。以某示范区10kV实际配电网的光储系统容量和布点优化为例,验证所提模型的可行性和求解方法的有效性。
Since the conventional distributed generation(DG) planning methods are difficult to meet the requirements of operation and zonal control in distribution network systems,a novel cluster-based DG planning approach was proposed.First, the distribution network was divided into several partitions considering the system network structure and the load characteristics, thus conducting a hierarchical and partitioned network structure. On this basis, a bi-level coordinated planning model was developed to realize the optimal siting and sizing of the distributed photovoltaic(DPV)-storage system. Specifically, in upper-layer, an annual comprehensive cost optimization model was built to determine the installation capacities of DPV and storage as well as the power of storage in each cluster. In lower-layer, the minimization of the network loss was considered as the aim to obtain the installation capacity of DPV in each node and the location of storage within every cluster. Finally, a bi-level hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm embedded power flow was employed to solve the established models iteratively.Simulation tests carried out on a certain 10 kV actual distribution system have verified the feasibility of the established models and the effectiveness of the proposed solving algorithm.
Since the conventional distributed generation(DG) planning methods are difficult to meet the requirements of operation and zonal control in distribution network systems,a novel cluster-based DG planning approach was proposed.First, the distribution network was divided into several partitions considering the system network structure and the load characteristics, thus conducting a hierarchical and partitioned network structure. On this basis, a bi-level coordinated planning model was developed to realize the optimal siting and sizing of the distributed photovoltaic(DPV)-storage system. Specifically, in upper-layer, an annual comprehensive cost optimization model was built to determine the installation capacities of DPV and storage as well as the power of storage in each cluster. In lower-layer, the minimization of the network loss was considered as the aim to obtain the installation capacity of DPV in each node and the location of storage within every cluster. Finally, a bi-level hybrid particle swarm optimization algorithm embedded power flow was employed to solve the established models iteratively.Simulation tests carried out on a certain 10 kV actual distribution system have verified the feasibility of the established models and the effectiveness of the proposed solving algorithm.
引文
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[7]Zhang Shenxi,Cheng Haozhong,Li Ke,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of intermittent distributed generators in distribution system[J].IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering,2015,10(6):628-635.
[8]Giannitrapani A,Paoletti S,Vicino A,et al.Optimal allocation of energy storage systems for voltage control in LV distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(6):2859-2870.
[9]白牧可,唐巍,谭煌,等.基于虚拟分区调度和二层规划的城市配电网光伏-储能优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(5):141-148.Bai Muke,Tang Wei,Tan Huang,et al.Optimal PV-generation&ES configuration based on virtual partition scheduling and bi-level programming for urban distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(5):141-148(in Chinese).
[10]郑乐,胡伟,陆秋瑜,等.储能系统用于提高风电接入的规划和运行综合优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2533-2543.Zheng Le,Hu Wei,Lu Qiuyu,et al.Research on planning and operation model for energy storage system to optimize wind power integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2533-2543(in Chinese).
[11]Zhao Bo,Xu Zhicheng,Xu Chen,et al.Network partition-based zonal voltage control for distribution networks with distributed PV systems[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(5):4087-4098.
[12]丁明,刘先放,毕锐,等.采用综合性能指标的高渗透率分布式电源集群划分方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):47-52,141.Ding Ming,Liu Xianfang,Bi Rui,et al.Method for cluster partition of high-penetration distributed generators based on comprehensive performance index[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):47-52,141(in Chinese).
[13]于琳,孙莹,徐然,等.改进粒子群优化算法及其在电网无功分区中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(3):89-95,128.Yu Lin,Sun Ying,Xu Ran,et al.Improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and its application in reactive power partitioning of power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(3):89-95,128(in Chinese).
[14]魏震波.复杂网络社区结构及其在电网分析中的应用研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1567-1577.Wei Zhenbo.Overview of complex networks community structure and its applications in electric power network analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1567-1577(in Chinese).
[15]薛峰,常康,汪宁渤.大规模间歇式能源发电并网集群协调控制框架[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):45-53.Xue Feng,Chang Kang,Wang Ningbo.Coordinated control frame of large-scale intermittent power plant cluster[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):45-53(in Chinese).
[16]刘洪,范博宇,唐翀,等.基于博弈论的主动配电网扩展规划与光储选址定容交替优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(23):38-45,116.Liu Hong,Fan Boyu,Tang Chong,et al.Game theory based alternate optimization between expansion planning of active distribution system and siting and sizing of photovoltaic and energy storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(23):38-45,116(in Chinese).
[17]吴小刚,刘宗歧,田立亭,等.基于改进多目标粒子群算法的配电网储能选址定容[J].电网技术,2014,38(12):3405-3411.Wu Xiaogang,Liu Zongqi,Tian Liting,et al.Energy storage device locating and sizing for distribution network based on improved multi-objective particle swarm optimizer[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(12):3405-3411(in Chinese).
[18]李鹏,华浩瑞,陈安伟,等.基于二层规划模型的交直流混合微网源荷储协调分区优化经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6769-6779.Li Peng,Hua Haorui,Chen Anwei,et al.Source-loadstorage coordination partition optimal economic operation of AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on bilevel programming model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6769-6779(in Chinese).
[19]迟玉红,孙富春,王维军,等.基于空间缩放和吸引子的粒子群优化算法[J].计算机学报,2011,34(1):115-130.Chi Yuhong,Sun Fuchun,Wang Weijun,et al.An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm with search space zoomed factor and attractor[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2011,34(1):115-130(in Chinese).
[20]丁明,刘新宇,解蛟龙,等.考虑微网综合性能的并网型微网优化配置模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):18-26.Ding Ming,Liu Xinyu,Xie Jiaolong,et al.Optimal planning model of grid-connected microgrid considering comprehensive performance[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(19):18-26(in Chinese).
[21]赵波,肖传亮,徐琛,等.基于渗透率的区域配电网分布式光伏并网消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):105-111.Zhao Bo,Xiao Chuanliang,Xu Chen,et al.Penetration based accommodation capacity analysis on distributed photovoltaic connection in regional distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):105-111(in Chinese).
[22]向育鹏,卫志农,孙国强,等.基于全寿命周期成本的配电网蓄电池储能系统的优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):264-270.Xiang Yupeng,Wei Zhinong,Sun Guoqiang,et al.Life cycle cost based optimal configuration of battery energy storage system in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(1):264-270(in Chinese).
[2]丁明,王伟胜,王秀丽,等.大规模光伏发电对电力系统影响综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(1):1-14.Ding Ming,Wang Weisheng,Wang Xiuli,et al.A review on the effect of large-scale PV generation on power systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(1):1-14(in Chinese).
[3]张沈习,李珂,程浩忠,等.考虑相关性的间歇性分布式电源选址定容规划[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(8):53-58,140.Zhang Shenxi,Li Ke,Cheng Haozhong,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of intermittent distributed generator considering correlations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(8):53-58,140(in Chinese).
[4]李振坤,陈思宇,符杨,等.基于时序电压灵敏度的有源配电网储能优化配置[J].中国电机工程学报,2017,37(16):4630-4640.Li Zhenkun,Chen Siyu,Fu Yang,et al.Optimal allocation of ESS in distribution network containing DG base on timing-voltage-sensitivity analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2017,37(16):4630-4640(in Chinese).
[5]李亮,唐巍,白牧可,等.考虑时序特性的多目标分布式电源选址定容规划[J].电力系统自动化,2013,37(3):58-63.Li Liang,Tang Wei,Bai Muke,et al.Multi-objective locating and sizing of distributed generators based on time-sequence characteristics[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2013,37(3):58-63(in Chinese).
[6]李珂,邰能灵,张沈习,等.考虑相关性的分布式电源多目标规划方法[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(9):51-57.Li Ke,Tai Nengling,Zhang Shenxi,et al.Multi-objective planning method of distributed generators considering correlations[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(9):51-57(in Chinese).
[7]Zhang Shenxi,Cheng Haozhong,Li Ke,et al.Optimal siting and sizing of intermittent distributed generators in distribution system[J].IEEJ Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Engineering,2015,10(6):628-635.
[8]Giannitrapani A,Paoletti S,Vicino A,et al.Optimal allocation of energy storage systems for voltage control in LV distribution networks[J].IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid,2017,8(6):2859-2870.
[9]白牧可,唐巍,谭煌,等.基于虚拟分区调度和二层规划的城市配电网光伏-储能优化配置[J].电力自动化设备,2016,36(5):141-148.Bai Muke,Tang Wei,Tan Huang,et al.Optimal PV-generation&ES configuration based on virtual partition scheduling and bi-level programming for urban distribution network[J].Electric Power Automation Equipment,2016,36(5):141-148(in Chinese).
[10]郑乐,胡伟,陆秋瑜,等.储能系统用于提高风电接入的规划和运行综合优化模型[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(16):2533-2543.Zheng Le,Hu Wei,Lu Qiuyu,et al.Research on planning and operation model for energy storage system to optimize wind power integration[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(16):2533-2543(in Chinese).
[11]Zhao Bo,Xu Zhicheng,Xu Chen,et al.Network partition-based zonal voltage control for distribution networks with distributed PV systems[J].IEEETransactions on Smart Grid,2018,9(5):4087-4098.
[12]丁明,刘先放,毕锐,等.采用综合性能指标的高渗透率分布式电源集群划分方法[J].电力系统自动化,2018,42(15):47-52,141.Ding Ming,Liu Xianfang,Bi Rui,et al.Method for cluster partition of high-penetration distributed generators based on comprehensive performance index[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2018,42(15):47-52,141(in Chinese).
[13]于琳,孙莹,徐然,等.改进粒子群优化算法及其在电网无功分区中的应用[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(3):89-95,128.Yu Lin,Sun Ying,Xu Ran,et al.Improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and its application in reactive power partitioning of power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(3):89-95,128(in Chinese).
[14]魏震波.复杂网络社区结构及其在电网分析中的应用研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(7):1567-1577.Wei Zhenbo.Overview of complex networks community structure and its applications in electric power network analysis[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(7):1567-1577(in Chinese).
[15]薛峰,常康,汪宁渤.大规模间歇式能源发电并网集群协调控制框架[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(22):45-53.Xue Feng,Chang Kang,Wang Ningbo.Coordinated control frame of large-scale intermittent power plant cluster[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(22):45-53(in Chinese).
[16]刘洪,范博宇,唐翀,等.基于博弈论的主动配电网扩展规划与光储选址定容交替优化[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(23):38-45,116.Liu Hong,Fan Boyu,Tang Chong,et al.Game theory based alternate optimization between expansion planning of active distribution system and siting and sizing of photovoltaic and energy storage[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(23):38-45,116(in Chinese).
[17]吴小刚,刘宗歧,田立亭,等.基于改进多目标粒子群算法的配电网储能选址定容[J].电网技术,2014,38(12):3405-3411.Wu Xiaogang,Liu Zongqi,Tian Liting,et al.Energy storage device locating and sizing for distribution network based on improved multi-objective particle swarm optimizer[J].Power System Technology,2014,38(12):3405-3411(in Chinese).
[18]李鹏,华浩瑞,陈安伟,等.基于二层规划模型的交直流混合微网源荷储协调分区优化经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(24):6769-6779.Li Peng,Hua Haorui,Chen Anwei,et al.Source-loadstorage coordination partition optimal economic operation of AC/DC hybrid microgrid based on bilevel programming model[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(24):6769-6779(in Chinese).
[19]迟玉红,孙富春,王维军,等.基于空间缩放和吸引子的粒子群优化算法[J].计算机学报,2011,34(1):115-130.Chi Yuhong,Sun Fuchun,Wang Weijun,et al.An improved particle swarm optimization algorithm with search space zoomed factor and attractor[J].Chinese Journal of Computers,2011,34(1):115-130(in Chinese).
[20]丁明,刘新宇,解蛟龙,等.考虑微网综合性能的并网型微网优化配置模型[J].电力系统保护与控制,2017,45(19):18-26.Ding Ming,Liu Xinyu,Xie Jiaolong,et al.Optimal planning model of grid-connected microgrid considering comprehensive performance[J].Power System Protection and Control,2017,45(19):18-26(in Chinese).
[21]赵波,肖传亮,徐琛,等.基于渗透率的区域配电网分布式光伏并网消纳能力分析[J].电力系统自动化,2017,41(21):105-111.Zhao Bo,Xiao Chuanliang,Xu Chen,et al.Penetration based accommodation capacity analysis on distributed photovoltaic connection in regional distribution network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2017,41(21):105-111(in Chinese).
[22]向育鹏,卫志农,孙国强,等.基于全寿命周期成本的配电网蓄电池储能系统的优化配置[J].电网技术,2015,39(1):264-270.Xiang Yupeng,Wei Zhinong,Sun Guoqiang,et al.Life cycle cost based optimal configuration of battery energy storage system in distribution network[J].Power System Technology,2015,39(1):264-270(in Chinese).
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