潍坊市2015—2017年市售苹果中农药残留状况和膳食暴露分析
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摘要
目的了解2015—2017年潍坊市市售苹果中农药残留状况并开展膳食暴露分析。方法 2015—2017年分群随机采集市售苹果样品303份,根据山东省疾控中心统一安排监测的农药项目监测包括有机磷类、氨基甲酸酯类、拟除虫菊酯类三大类共21种农药;依据GB2763-2012《食品中农药最大残留限量》对检测结果进行评价。结果三年共抽检苹果样品303份,农残检出率为15.5%;超标率为2.64%。其中毒死蜱检出率最高,为11.6%,联苯菊酯超标率最高,为1.98%。不同采样地点农药残留的检出率与超标率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。膳食摄入风险评估结果显示潍坊市售苹果中被检出的8种农药残留引起的膳食摄入风险均在可接受范围内。结论潍坊市市售苹果中农药残留超标率较低,但克百威作为农业部禁用的高毒农药被发现超标使用,应引起相关部门高度重视。
Objective To study the current situation of pesticide residue in apple in Weifang City from 2015 to 2017,and then analyze level of risk for Weifang residents. Methods Totally 303 apple samples were collected randomly for the detection of 21 indicators including organ phosphorus, parathyroids and carbamates pesticides following the arrange of CDC of Shandong Province. Food Safety National Standard of Pesticides Residue GB2763-2012 was used for the judging criteria.Results A total of 303 samples were detected in three years, with the detection and exceeding standard rates were 15.5% and2.64%. The detection rate(11.6%) of chlorpyrifos was highest while the excessive rate(1.98%) of bifenthrin pesmethrin was highest. There were not significantly statistic difference between the detection rate and the excessive rate in different sampling sites.The results of diatery intaking assessment presented that the dietary intaking risk which resulting from 8 kinds of pesticide residues in marketed apples was within the acceptable range in Weifang. Conclusions Although the pesticide residues' exceeding rates of commercial apple remain the lower level in Weifang, Carbofuran as a high-toxic pesticide unequivocally prohibited by Ministry of Agriculture were used exceed the standard, so the relevant departments should pay attention to it..
Objective To study the current situation of pesticide residue in apple in Weifang City from 2015 to 2017,and then analyze level of risk for Weifang residents. Methods Totally 303 apple samples were collected randomly for the detection of 21 indicators including organ phosphorus, parathyroids and carbamates pesticides following the arrange of CDC of Shandong Province. Food Safety National Standard of Pesticides Residue GB2763-2012 was used for the judging criteria.Results A total of 303 samples were detected in three years, with the detection and exceeding standard rates were 15.5% and2.64%. The detection rate(11.6%) of chlorpyrifos was highest while the excessive rate(1.98%) of bifenthrin pesmethrin was highest. There were not significantly statistic difference between the detection rate and the excessive rate in different sampling sites.The results of diatery intaking assessment presented that the dietary intaking risk which resulting from 8 kinds of pesticide residues in marketed apples was within the acceptable range in Weifang. Conclusions Although the pesticide residues' exceeding rates of commercial apple remain the lower level in Weifang, Carbofuran as a high-toxic pesticide unequivocally prohibited by Ministry of Agriculture were used exceed the standard, so the relevant departments should pay attention to it..
引文
[1]中华人民共和国卫生部,中华人民共和国农业部.GB2763-2014食品中农药最大残留限量[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2014.
[2]聂继云,李志霞,刘传德,等.苹果农药残留风险评估[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3655-3667.
[3]WHO.A template for the automatic calculation of the IESTI[EB/OL].[2014-1-16].http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/IESTI_calculation_13c.xlt.
[4]郭蓉,程国霞,王彩霞,等.陕西省蔬菜、水果、食用菌和袋泡茶农药残留调查[J].预防医学,2017,29(11):1158-1162.
[5]马洁,江国虹,郑文龙.2013年天津市蔬菜、水果、袋泡茶中农药风险监测概括[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(15):2726-2729.
[6]薛南冬,刘寒冰,杨兵,等.毒死蜱土壤环境行为研究进展[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2017,43(6):713-726.
[7]徐云龙,孙珏.杭州市余杭区2007-2011年市售水果蔬菜农药残留检测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(10):2349-2360.
[8]王丽婷,王波,周围,等.超高效合相色谱及气相色谱-质谱联用测定茶叶中联苯菊酯[J].分析化学,2015,43(7):1047-1052.
[9]赵敏娴,王灿楠,李亭亭,等.江苏居民有机磷农药膳食累积暴露急性风险评估[J].卫生研究,2013,42(5):844-848.
[2]聂继云,李志霞,刘传德,等.苹果农药残留风险评估[J].中国农业科学,2014,47(18):3655-3667.
[3]WHO.A template for the automatic calculation of the IESTI[EB/OL].[2014-1-16].http://www.who.int/foodsafety/chem/IESTI_calculation_13c.xlt.
[4]郭蓉,程国霞,王彩霞,等.陕西省蔬菜、水果、食用菌和袋泡茶农药残留调查[J].预防医学,2017,29(11):1158-1162.
[5]马洁,江国虹,郑文龙.2013年天津市蔬菜、水果、袋泡茶中农药风险监测概括[J].现代预防医学,2015,42(15):2726-2729.
[6]薛南冬,刘寒冰,杨兵,等.毒死蜱土壤环境行为研究进展[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2017,43(6):713-726.
[7]徐云龙,孙珏.杭州市余杭区2007-2011年市售水果蔬菜农药残留检测结果分析[J].中国卫生检验杂志,2013,23(10):2349-2360.
[8]王丽婷,王波,周围,等.超高效合相色谱及气相色谱-质谱联用测定茶叶中联苯菊酯[J].分析化学,2015,43(7):1047-1052.
[9]赵敏娴,王灿楠,李亭亭,等.江苏居民有机磷农药膳食累积暴露急性风险评估[J].卫生研究,2013,42(5):844-848.