岐山县宋家尧村滑坡基本特征与演化机理分析
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摘要
在滑坡灾害防治研究方面,探讨其形成演化机理一直是热点问题之一。前人尚未对岐山县宋家尧村滑坡做过具体研究,笔者分析了该滑坡的基本特征,探讨了其形成条件,最后探讨了滑坡的演化机理。结果表明:宋家尧村滑坡处于渭河北岸斜坡带,在古滑坡复活的基础上形成,由老滑坡和新滑坡组成;新、老滑坡均沿古滑带滑动形成,滑坡体以黄土状土为主;老滑坡为自然诱发因素所致,而新滑坡由人类工程活动诱发复活所致,其滑动形成机理是多因素相互耦合综合作用的结果。此滑坡的基本特征与演化机理在渭河北岸地区的黄土滑坡中具有一定的普遍性,可为其防治设计和预警预报提供一定的参考价值。
In the field of landslide disaster prevention and control,its formation and evolution mechanism has been one of the hot issues.Previous scholars have not studied the Songjiayao Village landslide in Qishan County.This paper has analyzed the basic characteristics of the landslide,discussed its formation conditions,and finally analyzed the evolution mechanism of the landslide.The results show that the Songjiayao village landslide is located in the slope zone along the Northern Bank of Weihe River,which is formed on the basis of the revival of ancient landslides and consists of old landslides and new landslides.Both new and old landslides slide are developed along the ancient landslides,and the landslide body is mainly loess-like soil.The old landslides are caused by natural factors,while the new landslides are caused by the revival induced by human engineering activities,and these slides are formed by combined action of multifactor coupling.The basic characteristics and evolution mechanism of this landslide has a certain universality in the loess landslide along the Northern Bank of Weihe River,which can provide a certain reference value for the prevention design and early warning and prediction.
In the field of landslide disaster prevention and control,its formation and evolution mechanism has been one of the hot issues.Previous scholars have not studied the Songjiayao Village landslide in Qishan County.This paper has analyzed the basic characteristics of the landslide,discussed its formation conditions,and finally analyzed the evolution mechanism of the landslide.The results show that the Songjiayao village landslide is located in the slope zone along the Northern Bank of Weihe River,which is formed on the basis of the revival of ancient landslides and consists of old landslides and new landslides.Both new and old landslides slide are developed along the ancient landslides,and the landslide body is mainly loess-like soil.The old landslides are caused by natural factors,while the new landslides are caused by the revival induced by human engineering activities,and these slides are formed by combined action of multifactor coupling.The basic characteristics and evolution mechanism of this landslide has a certain universality in the loess landslide along the Northern Bank of Weihe River,which can provide a certain reference value for the prevention design and early warning and prediction.
引文
石玲,王涛,辛鹏.陕西省宝鸡市地质灾害发育特征[J].地质力学学报,2013,19(04):351-363.SHI Ling,WANG Tao,XIN Peng.Development characteristics of geological hazards in Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2013,19(04):351-363.
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王佳运,石小亚,冯卫.宝鸡-常兴段滑坡分布规律与发育背景[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(03):379-385.WANG Jiayun,SHI Xiaoya,FENG Wei.Distribution regularity and development background of landslides at edge of loess table land from Baoji toChangxing[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2014,22(03):379-385.
王继明,邹森,刘景雷,等.陕西宝鸡地区千阳县塌山黄土滑坡稳定性分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(05):619-627.WANG Jiming,ZOU Sen,LIU Jinglei,et al.Stability assessment of Tashan loess landslide at Qianyang County of Baoji region in Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(05):619-627.
何淑军,张春山,陈志华,等.陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区夏呀河滑坡风险评估[J].地质通报,2009,28(08):1064-1076.HE Shujun,ZHANG Chunshan,CHEN Zhihua,et al.Risk evaluation for Xiayahe landslide in Weibin District,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(08):1064-1076.
韩金良,燕军军,孙炜锋,等.陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区吴家沟滑坡风险评价[J].地质通报,2009,28(08):1118-1126.HAN Jinliang,YAN Junjun,SUN Weifeng,et al.Risk assessment of Wujiagou landslide in Chengcang District,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(08):1118-1126.
杨为民,吴树仁,谭成轩,等.陕西宝鸡地区对滑式黄土滑坡的特征及其碰撞诱发机理[J].地质通报,2008,27(11):1854-1861.YANG Weimin,WU Shuren,TAN Chengxuan,et al.Characteristics of opposite-slip loess landslides and its collision induced mechanism in the Baoji area,Shaanxi,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2008,27(11):1854-1861.
辛鹏.陕西宝鸡市渭河北岸大型黄土滑坡形成机理与危险性评估研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2013.XIN Peng.Research on the formation mechanism and hazards assessment of large loess landslide on the North Bank of Weihe River Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2013.
李滨,吴树仁,石菊松.渭北黄土塬区滑坡发育特征及分布规律研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(05):212-216.LI Bin,WU Shuren,SHI Jusong.Research on development characteristics and distribution of landslides in Weibei loess tableland area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(05):212-216.
孟静,胡秋韵,石菊松,等.宝鸡渭河北岸大型深层黄土滑坡基本特征与稳定性研究[J].地质力学学报,2018,24(01):78-86.MENG Jing,HU Qiuyun,SHI Jusong,et al.Reserch on basic features and stability of large and deep-seated loess landslide on the North Bank of the Weihe River in Baoji area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2018,24(01):78-86.
石菊松,李滨,吴树仁,等.宝鸡渭河北岸黄土塬边大型滑坡成因机制研究[J].工程地质学报,2013,21(06):938-949.SHI Jusong,LI Bin,WU Shuren,et al.Mechanism of largescale slide at edge of loess plateau on North of Weihe River in Baoji urban area,Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2013,21(06):938-949.
辛鹏,吴树仁,石菊松,等.陕西宝鸡市渭河北岸蔡家坡工程滑坡活动强度评估[J].地质通报,2013,32(12):1952-1961.XIN Peng,WU Shuren,SHI Jusong,et al.Assessment of the activity intensity of Caijiapo engineering landslide on the north bank of Weihe River in Baoji City[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2013,32(12):1952-1961.
刘传正,张明霞,邹正盛,等.宝鸡市狄家坡滑坡稳定性研究[J].工程地质学报,1998,6(02):103-113.LIU Chuanzheng,ZHANG Mingxia,ZOU Zhengsheng,et al.Reserch on the stability of Dijiapo slope in Baoji City[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1998,6(02):103-113.
冯希杰,李忠生,宋立胜,等.宝鸡簸箕山滑坡地震勘探[J].水文地质工程地质,2003,30(04):55-58.FENG Xijie,LI Zhongsheng,SONG Lisheng,et al.Seismic exploration of Boqishan landslide in Baoji[J].Hydrogeology and engineering geology,2003,30(04):55-58.
张茂省,李同录.黄土滑坡诱发因素及其形成机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(04):530-540.ZHANG Maosheng,LI Tonglu.Triggering factors and forming mechanism of loess landslides[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(04):530-540.
冯卫,王佳运,张成航,等.降雨入渗对邱家梁滑坡稳定性的影响研究[J].西北地质,2013,46(2):195-200.FENG Wei,WANG Jiayun,ZHANG Chenghang,et al.A-nalysis on the influence of the rainfall infiltration on the stability of qiujialiang landslide[J].Northwestern Geology,2013,46(2):195-200.
彭建兵,吴迪,段钊,等.典型人类工程活动诱发黄土滑坡灾害特征与致灾机理[J].西南交通大学学报,2016,51(05):971-980.PENG Jianbing,WU Di,DUAN Zhao,et al.Disaster characteristics and destructive mechanism of typical loess landslide cases triggered by human engineering activities[J].Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University,2016,51(05):971-980.
甘建军,樊俊辉,唐春,等.浙江遂昌苏村滑坡基本特征与成因机理分析[J].灾害学,2017,32(04):73-78.GAN Jianjun,FAN Junhui,TANG Chun,et al.Sucun landslide in Suichang County of Zhejiang Province:characteristices and failure mechanism[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2017,32(04):73-78.
薛强,张茂省.延安淹土安滑坡监测预警及变形特征[J].西北地质,2018,51(2):220-226.XUE Qiang,ZHANG Maosheng.Monitoring,early warning and deformation characteristics of Yantu'an landslide in Yan'an[J].Northwestern Geology,2018,51(2):220-226.
万兆发,宋红香,李海平,等.宝鸡地区地质灾害发育特征浅析[J].陕西地质,2004,22(02):94-100.WAN Zhaofa,SONG Hongxiang,LI Haiping,et al.The evolution characteristics of geological hazards occurring in Baoji District[J].Geology of Shaanxi,2004,22(02):94-100.
王佳运,石小亚,冯卫.宝鸡-常兴段滑坡分布规律与发育背景[J].工程地质学报,2014,22(03):379-385.WANG Jiayun,SHI Xiaoya,FENG Wei.Distribution regularity and development background of landslides at edge of loess table land from Baoji toChangxing[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2014,22(03):379-385.
王继明,邹森,刘景雷,等.陕西宝鸡地区千阳县塌山黄土滑坡稳定性分析[J].工程地质学报,2009,17(05):619-627.WANG Jiming,ZOU Sen,LIU Jinglei,et al.Stability assessment of Tashan loess landslide at Qianyang County of Baoji region in Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2009,17(05):619-627.
何淑军,张春山,陈志华,等.陕西省宝鸡市渭滨区夏呀河滑坡风险评估[J].地质通报,2009,28(08):1064-1076.HE Shujun,ZHANG Chunshan,CHEN Zhihua,et al.Risk evaluation for Xiayahe landslide in Weibin District,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(08):1064-1076.
韩金良,燕军军,孙炜锋,等.陕西省宝鸡市陈仓区吴家沟滑坡风险评价[J].地质通报,2009,28(08):1118-1126.HAN Jinliang,YAN Junjun,SUN Weifeng,et al.Risk assessment of Wujiagou landslide in Chengcang District,Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2009,28(08):1118-1126.
杨为民,吴树仁,谭成轩,等.陕西宝鸡地区对滑式黄土滑坡的特征及其碰撞诱发机理[J].地质通报,2008,27(11):1854-1861.YANG Weimin,WU Shuren,TAN Chengxuan,et al.Characteristics of opposite-slip loess landslides and its collision induced mechanism in the Baoji area,Shaanxi,China[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2008,27(11):1854-1861.
辛鹏.陕西宝鸡市渭河北岸大型黄土滑坡形成机理与危险性评估研究[D].北京:中国地质科学院,2013.XIN Peng.Research on the formation mechanism and hazards assessment of large loess landslide on the North Bank of Weihe River Baoji City,Shaanxi Province[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2013.
李滨,吴树仁,石菊松.渭北黄土塬区滑坡发育特征及分布规律研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(05):212-216.LI Bin,WU Shuren,SHI Jusong.Research on development characteristics and distribution of landslides in Weibei loess tableland area[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2011,18(05):212-216.
孟静,胡秋韵,石菊松,等.宝鸡渭河北岸大型深层黄土滑坡基本特征与稳定性研究[J].地质力学学报,2018,24(01):78-86.MENG Jing,HU Qiuyun,SHI Jusong,et al.Reserch on basic features and stability of large and deep-seated loess landslide on the North Bank of the Weihe River in Baoji area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2018,24(01):78-86.
石菊松,李滨,吴树仁,等.宝鸡渭河北岸黄土塬边大型滑坡成因机制研究[J].工程地质学报,2013,21(06):938-949.SHI Jusong,LI Bin,WU Shuren,et al.Mechanism of largescale slide at edge of loess plateau on North of Weihe River in Baoji urban area,Shaanxi Province[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2013,21(06):938-949.
辛鹏,吴树仁,石菊松,等.陕西宝鸡市渭河北岸蔡家坡工程滑坡活动强度评估[J].地质通报,2013,32(12):1952-1961.XIN Peng,WU Shuren,SHI Jusong,et al.Assessment of the activity intensity of Caijiapo engineering landslide on the north bank of Weihe River in Baoji City[J].Geological Bulletin of China,2013,32(12):1952-1961.
刘传正,张明霞,邹正盛,等.宝鸡市狄家坡滑坡稳定性研究[J].工程地质学报,1998,6(02):103-113.LIU Chuanzheng,ZHANG Mingxia,ZOU Zhengsheng,et al.Reserch on the stability of Dijiapo slope in Baoji City[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,1998,6(02):103-113.
冯希杰,李忠生,宋立胜,等.宝鸡簸箕山滑坡地震勘探[J].水文地质工程地质,2003,30(04):55-58.FENG Xijie,LI Zhongsheng,SONG Lisheng,et al.Seismic exploration of Boqishan landslide in Baoji[J].Hydrogeology and engineering geology,2003,30(04):55-58.
张茂省,李同录.黄土滑坡诱发因素及其形成机理研究[J].工程地质学报,2011,19(04):530-540.ZHANG Maosheng,LI Tonglu.Triggering factors and forming mechanism of loess landslides[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2011,19(04):530-540.
冯卫,王佳运,张成航,等.降雨入渗对邱家梁滑坡稳定性的影响研究[J].西北地质,2013,46(2):195-200.FENG Wei,WANG Jiayun,ZHANG Chenghang,et al.A-nalysis on the influence of the rainfall infiltration on the stability of qiujialiang landslide[J].Northwestern Geology,2013,46(2):195-200.
彭建兵,吴迪,段钊,等.典型人类工程活动诱发黄土滑坡灾害特征与致灾机理[J].西南交通大学学报,2016,51(05):971-980.PENG Jianbing,WU Di,DUAN Zhao,et al.Disaster characteristics and destructive mechanism of typical loess landslide cases triggered by human engineering activities[J].Journal of Southwest Jiao Tong University,2016,51(05):971-980.
甘建军,樊俊辉,唐春,等.浙江遂昌苏村滑坡基本特征与成因机理分析[J].灾害学,2017,32(04):73-78.GAN Jianjun,FAN Junhui,TANG Chun,et al.Sucun landslide in Suichang County of Zhejiang Province:characteristices and failure mechanism[J].Journal of Catastrophology,2017,32(04):73-78.
薛强,张茂省.延安淹土安滑坡监测预警及变形特征[J].西北地质,2018,51(2):220-226.XUE Qiang,ZHANG Maosheng.Monitoring,early warning and deformation characteristics of Yantu'an landslide in Yan'an[J].Northwestern Geology,2018,51(2):220-226.