长沙市活禽市场人H9N2亚型禽流感感染来源的研究
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摘要
目的探讨人H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)的感染来源。方法对2014-2015年长沙市活禽市场环境开展AIV核酸监测,收集全球人感染H9N2 AIV病例数据,利用MEGA 6软件对全球人感染H9N2 AIV、活禽市场环境H9N2 AIV和部分禽H9N2 AIV血凝素(hemagglutinin,HA)、神经氨酸酶(neuraminidase,NA)及非结构蛋白(nonstructural protein,NS)基因进行进化分析。结果 2014-2015年长沙市活禽市场环境中H9 AIV的核酸阳性率最高(占44.76%),污染较为严重。全球共报告27例人感染H9N2 AIV病例,绝大多数病例经治疗后康复,流行病学调查显示59.26%(16/27)的病例明确有禽类或活禽市场暴露史。HA、NA及NS进化分析显示2013-2016年分离自湖南、广东的人源H9N2 AIV分离株与湖南和广东辖区活禽市场环境中分离到的H9N2 AIV亲缘关系近,核苷酸相似性高达97%～99%。结论活禽市场是人H9N2 AIV的感染来源之一。
Objective To explore the source of human infection H9 N2 avian influenza virus(AIV). Methods Environmental AIV nucleic acid monitoring was conducted for live poultry markets in Changsha city from 2014 to 2015, and data of human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV cases worldwide were collected. Phylogenetic trees of hemagglutinin(HA), neuraminidase(NA)and non-structural protein(NS)genes from human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV, the live poultry markets environmental H9 N2 subtype AIV and partial avian H9 N2 subtype AIV were constructed using the MEGA 6.06 software, respectively. Results In 2014-2015, H9 subtype AIV had the highest nucleic acid positive rate(44.76%) in the live poultry markets environment of Changsha city, and the pollution was serious. A total of 27 cases of human infection with H9 N2 subtype AIV had been reported worldwide, and most of these patients recovered after treatments.Epidemiological survey showed that 59.26%(16/27) of cases had a clear history of exposure to poultry or live poultry markets. The phylogenetic trees of HA, NA and NS genes showed that the human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV isolates isolated from Hunan and Guangdong were closely related to the H9 N2 subtype AIV isolated from the live poultry markets environment in Hunan and Guangdong provinces from 2013 to 2016. The nucleotide similarity was as high as 97%-99%. Conclusion Live poultry market is one of the sources of human infection with H9 N2 influenza virus.
Objective To explore the source of human infection H9 N2 avian influenza virus(AIV). Methods Environmental AIV nucleic acid monitoring was conducted for live poultry markets in Changsha city from 2014 to 2015, and data of human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV cases worldwide were collected. Phylogenetic trees of hemagglutinin(HA), neuraminidase(NA)and non-structural protein(NS)genes from human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV, the live poultry markets environmental H9 N2 subtype AIV and partial avian H9 N2 subtype AIV were constructed using the MEGA 6.06 software, respectively. Results In 2014-2015, H9 subtype AIV had the highest nucleic acid positive rate(44.76%) in the live poultry markets environment of Changsha city, and the pollution was serious. A total of 27 cases of human infection with H9 N2 subtype AIV had been reported worldwide, and most of these patients recovered after treatments.Epidemiological survey showed that 59.26%(16/27) of cases had a clear history of exposure to poultry or live poultry markets. The phylogenetic trees of HA, NA and NS genes showed that the human infection H9 N2 subtype AIV isolates isolated from Hunan and Guangdong were closely related to the H9 N2 subtype AIV isolated from the live poultry markets environment in Hunan and Guangdong provinces from 2013 to 2016. The nucleotide similarity was as high as 97%-99%. Conclusion Live poultry market is one of the sources of human infection with H9 N2 influenza virus.
引文
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[2] Tong S,Li Y,Rivailler P,et al.A distinct lineage of influenza A virus from bats [J].Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A,2012,109(11):4269-4274.DOI:10.1073/pnas.1116200109.
[3] Freidl GS,Meijer A,de Bruin E,et al.Influenza at the animal-human interface:a review of the literature for virological evidence of human infection with swine or avian influenza viruses other than A(H5N1) [J].Euro Surveill,2014,19(19):8-26.DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.
[4] 张斯钰,黄一伟,胡世雄,等.湖南省2005-2017年人感染禽流感流行病学特征分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(10):1037-1040.DOI:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.014.Zhang SY,Huang YW,Hu SX,et al.Epidemiologic characteristics of human avian influenza in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2017 [J].Chin J Dis Prev,2018,22(10):1037-1040.DOI:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.014.
[5] 刘晓蕾,袁洁,欧新华,等.长沙市首例人感染H9N2禽流感病毒的分离及基因特征分析 [J].现代预防医学,2016,43(17):3225-3231.Liu XL,Yuan J,Ou XH,et al.Isolation and molecular characteristics on the first case of human avian influenza (H9N2) in Changsha [J].Modern Preventive Medicine,2016,43(17):3225-3231.
[6] 张如胜,姚栋,叶文,等.2014年长沙市禽类场所环境H9N2亚型禽流感病毒分子流行特征分析 [J].中国人兽共患病学报,2017,33(3):212-221.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2694.2017.03.005.Zhang RS,Yao D,Ye W,et al.Molecular epidemiological characteristics of avian influenza A(H9N2) viruses from environment in poultry markets in Changsha,China,2014 [J].Chinese Journal of Zoonoses,2017,33(3):212-221.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1002-2694.2017.03.005.
[7] Peiris M,Yuen KY,Leung CW,et al.Human infection with influenza H9N2 [J].Lancet,1999,354(9182):916-917.DOI:10.1016/S0140-6736(99)03311-5.
[8] Butt KM,Smith GJ,Chen H,et al.Human infection with an avian H9N2 influenza A virus in Hong Kong in 2003 [J].J Clin Microbiol,2005,43(11):5760-5767.DOI:10.1128/JCM.43.11.5760-5767.2005.
[9] Cheng VC,Chan JF,Wen X,et al.Infection of immunocompromised patients by avian H9N2 influenza A virus [J].J Infect,2011,62(5):394-399.DOI:10.1016/j.jinf.2011.02.007.
[10] International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research,Bangladesh (ICDDR,B).Outbreak of mild respiratory disease caused by H5N1 and H9N2 infections among young children in Dhaka,Bangladesh,2011 [J].Hsb,2011,9(2):5-12.
[11] Huang Y,Li X,Zhang H,et al.Human infection with an avian influenza A (H9N2) virus in the middle region of China [J].J Med Virol,2015,87(10):1641-1648.DOI:10.1002/jmv.24231.
[12] Xu KM,Smith GJ,Bahl J,et al.The genesis and evolution of H9N2 influenza viruses in poultry from southern China,2000 to 2005 [J].J Virol,2007,81(19):10389-10401.DOI:10.1128/JVI.00979-07.
[13] Lu JH,Liu XF,Shao WX,et al.Phylogenetic analysis of eight genes of H9N2 subtype influenza virus:a mainland China strain possessing early isolates' genes that have been circulating [J].Virus Genes,2005,31(2):163-169.DOI:10.1007/s11262-005-1790-1.
[14] Ji K,Jiang WM,Liu S,et al.Characterization of the hemagglutinin gene of subtype H9 avian influenza viruses isolated in 2007-2009 in China [J].J Virol Methods,2010,163(2):186-189.DOI:10.1016/j.jviromet.2009.09.013.
[15] 张烨,李晓丹,邹淑梅,等.2009-2013年我国活禽市场环境样本中禽流感病毒的检测 [J].病毒学报,2015,31(6):615-619.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.002820.Zhang Y,Li XD,Zou SM,et al.Detection of avian influenza virus in environmental samples collected from live poultry markets in China during 2009-2013 [J].Chin J Virol,2015,31(6):615-619.DOI:10.13242/j.cnki.bingduxuebao.002820.
[16] Li X,Tian B,Jianfang Z,et al.A comprehensive retrospective study of the seroprevalence of H9N2 avian influenza viruses in occupationally exposed populations in China [J].PLoS One,2017,12(6):e0178328.DOI:10.1371/journal.pone.0178328.
[17] Wan XF,Dong L,Lan Y,et al.Indications that live poultry markets are a major source of human H5N1 influenza virus infection in China [J].J Virol,2011,85(24):13432-13438.DOI:10.1128/JVI.05266-11.
[18] Shi J,Deng G,Liu P,et al.Isolation and characterization of H7N9 viruses from live poultry markets-implication of the source of current H7N9 infection in humans [J].Chin Sci Bull,2013,(16):1857-1863.DOI:10.1007/s11434-013-5873-4.
[19] Zhang T,Bi Y,Tian H,et al.Human infection with influenza virus A(H10N8) from live poultry markets,China,2014 [J].Emerg Infect Dis,2014,20(12):2076-2079.DOI:10.3201/eid2012.140911.
[20] Liu H,Liu X,Cheng J,et al.Phylogenetic analysis of the hemagglutinin genes of twenty-six avian influenza viruses of subtype H9N2 isolated from chickens in China during 1996-2001 [J].Avian Dis,2003,47(1):116-127.DOI:10.1637/0005-2086(2003)047 [0116:PAOTHG]2.0.CO;2.