铝合金螺栓连接抗剪低周疲劳试验及寿命预测
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摘要
针对工程中常用的铝合金板式螺栓连接节点,进行了低周往复疲劳试验.通过控制不同应力幅值,对10个连接试件进行加载,获得试件的荷载-变形曲线,分析了往复荷载作用下铝合金螺栓连接试件的抗剪破坏形态,建立了S-N曲线预估其疲劳寿命.结果表明:铝合金螺栓连接板在单向往复荷载作用下,破坏模式均为螺栓在两板之间被剪断而发生破坏.破坏为脆性断裂,破坏前无明显征兆.由于螺栓杆与孔壁之间有一定的间隙,通过试验结果绘制出的荷载-位移曲线呈现弓形及反S形,说明滞回曲线出现了一定的滑移.随着控制应力的减小,试件的循环次数呈指数增大.随着循环次数的增加,试件的损伤不断累积,位移幅值增加.
A low-cycle reciprocating fatigue test was conducted on aluminum alloy plate bolt connection joints,extensively used in civil engineering. Loaded with different stress amplitudes,the load-deformation curves of ten connecting specimens were obtained. The failure modes of the joints under reciprocating loading were analyzed,and the S-N curve was generated for the fatigue life estimation. The results showed that under a reciprocating load role,the failure of the aluminum alloy bolt joint plate is presented as a shearing out of the bolt between two plates. There was a brittle fracture with no outward signs. Due to the certain gap between the bolt rod and the hole wall,the loaddisplacement curve was bow-shaped and anti-S-shaped,indicating the existence of shear slip. As the control stress was reduced,the number of cycles increased exponentially. With increasing cyclic number,fatigue damage accumulated,leading to an increase in displacement amplitude.
A low-cycle reciprocating fatigue test was conducted on aluminum alloy plate bolt connection joints,extensively used in civil engineering. Loaded with different stress amplitudes,the load-deformation curves of ten connecting specimens were obtained. The failure modes of the joints under reciprocating loading were analyzed,and the S-N curve was generated for the fatigue life estimation. The results showed that under a reciprocating load role,the failure of the aluminum alloy bolt joint plate is presented as a shearing out of the bolt between two plates. There was a brittle fracture with no outward signs. Due to the certain gap between the bolt rod and the hole wall,the loaddisplacement curve was bow-shaped and anti-S-shaped,indicating the existence of shear slip. As the control stress was reduced,the number of cycles increased exponentially. With increasing cyclic number,fatigue damage accumulated,leading to an increase in displacement amplitude.
引文
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[2]沈祖炎,郭小农,李元齐.铝合金结构研究现状简述[J].建筑结构学报,2007,28(6):100-109.Shen Zuyan,Guo Xiaonong,Li Yuanqi.State-of-thearts of research on aluminum alloy structures[J].Journal of Building Structures,2007,28(6):100-109(in Chinese).
[3]Liu H B,Ding Y Z,Chen Z H.Static stability behavior of aluminum alloy single-layer spherical latticed shell structure with Temcor joints[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2017,120:355-365.
[4]Liu H B,Chen Z H,Xu S,et al.Structural behavior of aluminum reticulated shell structures considering semirigid and skin effect[J].Structural Engineering and Mechanics,2015,54(1):121-133.
[5]高可为,李煜,李文.某铝合金桁架结构倒塌事故的分析[J].工业建筑,2015,45(7):181-184,188.Gao Kewei,Li Yu,Li Wen.Analysis of collapse of an aluminum alloy truss structure[J].Industrial Construction,2015,45(7):181-184,188(in Chinese).
[6]石永久,贺小平,王元清,等.建筑用铝合金的疲劳性能试验[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2009,49(9):1437-1440.Shi Yongjiu,He Xiaoping,Wang Yuanqing,et al.Test studies on fatigue performance of aluminum alloys used in construction[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2009,49(9):1437-1440(in Chinese).
[7]彭航,蒋首超,赵媛媛.建筑用6061-T6系铝合金高温下力学性能试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2009,42(7):46-49.Peng Hang,Jiang Shouchao,Zhao Yuanyuan.Experimental study on the mechanical property of structural Alalloy at elevated temperatures[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2009,42(7):46-49(in Chinese).
[8]郭小农,沈祖炎,李元齐,等.国产结构用铝合金材料本构关系及物理力学性能研究[J].建筑结构学报,2007,28(6):110-117.Guo Xiaonong,Shen Zuyan,Li Yuanqi,et al.Stressstrain relationship and physical-mechanical properties of domestic structural aluminum alloy[J].Journal of Building Structures,2007,28(6):110-117(in Chinese).
[9]Chen Z H,Lu J,Liu H B,et al.Experimental investigation on the post-fire mechanical properties of structural aluminum alloys 6061-T6 and 7075-T73[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2016,106:187-200.
[10]徐帅,陈志华,王小盾,等.泰姆科节点铝合金单层穹顶结构稳定性能分析[J].天津大学学报:自然科学与工程技术版,2015,48(增1):32-38.Xu Shuai,Chen Zhihua,Wang Xiaodun,et al.Stability analysis of aluminum single-layer dome based on the behavior of Temcor joint[J].Journal of Tianjin University:Science and Technology,2015,48(S1):32-38(in Chinese).
[11]王元清,袁焕鑫,石永久,等.铝合金板件螺栓连接承压强度试验与计算方法[J].四川大学学报:工程科学版,2011,43(5):203-208.Wang Yuanqing,Yuan Huanxin,Shi Yongjiu,et al.Experiments and computational method on bearing capacity of bolted joint for aluminum alloy sheets[J].Journal of Sichuan University:Engineering Science Edition,2011,43(5):203-208(in Chinese).
[12]Xiong Z,Guo X N,Luo Y F,et al.Numerical analysis of aluminium alloy gusset joints subjected to bending moment and axial force[J].Engineering Structures,2017,152:1-13.
[13]Guo X N,Xiong Z,Luo Y F,et al.Experimental investigation on the semi-rigid behaviour of aluminium alloy gusset joints[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2015,87:30-40.
[14]Xu S,Chen Z H,Wang X D,et al.Hysteretic out-ofplane behavior of the Temcor joint[J].Thin-Walled Structures,2015,94:585-592.
[15]李睿,鲍蕊,费斌军.2024-T3铝合金孔板高低周复合疲劳试验研究[J].飞机设计,2010,30(3):18-22.Li Rui,Bao Rui,Fei Binjun.Experimental investigation on combined high and low cycle fatigue performance of 2024-T3 aluminum alloy plate with hole[J].Aircraft Design,2010,30(3):18-22(in Chinese).
[16]崔步嶷,李生安.钛和钢螺栓抗剪接头寿命对比试验分析[J].航空工艺技术,1992(6):8-10.Cui Buyi,Li Sheng'an.Contrast testing of the lifetime of Ti and steel bolt antishear joints[J].Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology 1992(6):8-10(in Chinese).
[17]中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 15248-2008金属材料轴向等幅低循环疲劳试验方法[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2008.Standardization Administration of the People’s Republic of China.GB/T 15248-2008 Test Method for Axial Loading Constant-Amplitude Low-Cycle Fatigue of Metallic Materials[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2008(in Chinese).