黄淮海平原地区深松和灌水次数对冬小麦-夏玉米节水增产的影响
|
摘要
【目的】研究黄淮海平原地区冬小麦-夏玉米不同深松时机交互不同灌水次数对作物产量及水分生产效率的影响,为优化黄淮海地区土壤耕作方式提供理论依据。【方法】采用土壤耕作方式与灌水次数相结合的方法,设置秋深松+冬小麦2水(QS-2)、秋深松+冬小麦3水(QS-3)、夏深松+冬小麦2水(XS-2)、夏深松+冬小麦3水(XS-3)、对照(CK)共5个处理,研究深松与灌水次数对冬小麦-夏玉米一年两熟农田土壤物理性质、植株生长发育、产量、总产出值及水分生产效率等的影响。【结果】深松和灌水次数对土壤容重、土壤紧实度、土壤储水量、总产出值、水分生产效率均有不同程度显著影响。与对照相比,QS-2、XS-2、XS-3处理均显著降低深松后第1年土壤耕层(0—40 cm)及深松后第2年0—20 cm土层的土壤容重;深松各处理均显著降低第1年土壤紧实度,对第2年土壤紧实度影响效果不明显;秋深松后第2年QS-2处理的冬小麦整个生育期平均土壤储水量较CK显著增加18.14%,QS-3处理次之,夏深松后第2年XS-2、XS-3处理分别较CK显著提高24.7%、25.6%;秋深松能显著提高当季冬小麦生长发育,QS-2、QS-3处理地上生物量分别较CK增加了19.29%、27.06%,第2年QS-2和QS-3处理地上生物量较CK均有所提高,差异不显著,秋深松对第2年冬小麦生长发育影响效果减弱,夏深松第2年XS-2和XS-3处理的叶面积和地上生物量均较对照显著提高,夏深松能显著促进后茬冬小麦生长发育;QS-2处理对2年冬小麦-夏玉米总产出值和水分生产效率均显著提高,第1年总产出值和水分生产效率分别较CK提高27.21%、23.51%,第2年分别提高19.54%、18.84%,夏深松显著提高第2年冬小麦-夏玉米总产出值及水分生产效率,XS-2处理分别提高18.50%、17.65%,XS-3处理分别提高19.57%、15.35%。【结论】黄淮海平原冬小麦-夏玉米连作采用冬小麦播前秋深松耕作方式,冬小麦全生育期灌水2次,有利于降低农田土壤容重、降低土壤紧实度、提高土壤储水效果、显著提高深松周期内冬小麦-夏玉米总产出值及水分生产效率。建议在黄淮海平原地区平水年和丰水年(夏玉米季降雨充沛),冬小麦-夏玉米种植区采用秋深松+冬小麦灌2水耕作模式,实现高产与高效。
【Objective】The effects of interactions between subsoiling and irrigation frequency on crop yield and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize were investigated to optimize tillage practices in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.【Method】Considering different tillage methods and irrigation times, a field experiment was carried out with five treatments, including autumn subsoiling with two irrigation applications during winter wheat growth period(QS-2), autumn subsoiling with three irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(QS-3), summer subsoiling with two irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(XS-2), summer subsoiling with three irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(XS-3) and control(CK). The effects of subsoiling and irrigation times on soil physical properties, plant growth and development, yield, total output, and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize were investigated. 【Result】Subsoiling and irrigation times had significant impacts on soil bulk density, soil compaction, soil water storage, total output and water productivity. After subsoiling, the bulk density decreased significantly in topsoil 40 cm at the first year and in topsoil 20 cm at the second year under all QS-2, XS-2 and XS-3 treatments, compared with CK treatment. The decline of soil compaction was remarkable in the first year, but inapparent in the second year. After autumn subsoiling, the average soil water storage of QS-2 treatment increased by 18.14% compared with CK, and the QS-3 treatment was the second. While, in the second year after summer subsoiling, the XS-2 and XS-3 treatments were significantly higher than CK by 24.7% and 25.6%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, aboveground biomass of winter wheat increased by 19.29% for QS-2 and 27.06% for QS-3 treatment, respectively, for the first year, while there was slight increase for the second year. This indicated that the improvement of winter wheat growth and development by autumn subsoiling was pronounced in the first year but weak in the second year. However, the leaf area index and aboveground biomass of XS-2 and XS-3 treatments were increased significantly, and this demonstrated that summer subsoiling could improve the winter wheat growth and development in the second year. The total output and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize rotation for QS-2 treatment were improved by 27.21% and 23.51% in the first year, respectively, and 19.54% and 18.84% in the second year, respectively, meanwhile, there were significant improvement for XS-2 and XS-3 treatment in the second year. The increase of total output and water productivity were 18.50% and 17.65% for XS-2, respectively, and 19.57% and 15.35% for XS-3 treatment, respectively.【Conclusion】It was concluded that autumn subsoiling before winter wheat seeding could facilitate the reduction of soil bulk density and compaction, increase of soil storage capacity, and improvement of total output and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize rotation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. It was suggestion that the appropriate tillage practice in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain was autumn subsoiling with two irrigation applications during winter wheat growth stage.
【Objective】The effects of interactions between subsoiling and irrigation frequency on crop yield and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize were investigated to optimize tillage practices in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain.【Method】Considering different tillage methods and irrigation times, a field experiment was carried out with five treatments, including autumn subsoiling with two irrigation applications during winter wheat growth period(QS-2), autumn subsoiling with three irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(QS-3), summer subsoiling with two irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(XS-2), summer subsoiling with three irrigations applications during winter wheat growth period(XS-3) and control(CK). The effects of subsoiling and irrigation times on soil physical properties, plant growth and development, yield, total output, and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize were investigated. 【Result】Subsoiling and irrigation times had significant impacts on soil bulk density, soil compaction, soil water storage, total output and water productivity. After subsoiling, the bulk density decreased significantly in topsoil 40 cm at the first year and in topsoil 20 cm at the second year under all QS-2, XS-2 and XS-3 treatments, compared with CK treatment. The decline of soil compaction was remarkable in the first year, but inapparent in the second year. After autumn subsoiling, the average soil water storage of QS-2 treatment increased by 18.14% compared with CK, and the QS-3 treatment was the second. While, in the second year after summer subsoiling, the XS-2 and XS-3 treatments were significantly higher than CK by 24.7% and 25.6%, respectively. Compared with CK treatment, aboveground biomass of winter wheat increased by 19.29% for QS-2 and 27.06% for QS-3 treatment, respectively, for the first year, while there was slight increase for the second year. This indicated that the improvement of winter wheat growth and development by autumn subsoiling was pronounced in the first year but weak in the second year. However, the leaf area index and aboveground biomass of XS-2 and XS-3 treatments were increased significantly, and this demonstrated that summer subsoiling could improve the winter wheat growth and development in the second year. The total output and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize rotation for QS-2 treatment were improved by 27.21% and 23.51% in the first year, respectively, and 19.54% and 18.84% in the second year, respectively, meanwhile, there were significant improvement for XS-2 and XS-3 treatment in the second year. The increase of total output and water productivity were 18.50% and 17.65% for XS-2, respectively, and 19.57% and 15.35% for XS-3 treatment, respectively.【Conclusion】It was concluded that autumn subsoiling before winter wheat seeding could facilitate the reduction of soil bulk density and compaction, increase of soil storage capacity, and improvement of total output and water productivity of winter wheat and summer maize rotation in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain. It was suggestion that the appropriate tillage practice in the Huang-Huai-Hai Plain was autumn subsoiling with two irrigation applications during winter wheat growth stage.
引文
[1]MUHAMMAD I,ANWARULHASSAN,MUHAMMAD I.Effects of tillage systems and mulch on soil physical quality parameters and maize(Zea mays L.)yield in semi-arid Pakistan.Biological Agriculture and Horticulture,2008,25(4):311-325.
[2]BORGHEI A M,TAGHINEJAD J,MINAEI S,KARIMI M,VARNAMKHASTI M.Effects of subsoiling on soil bulk density,penetration resistance and cotton yield in northwest of Iran.International Journal of Agricultural Biology,2008,10(1):120-123.
[3]魏欢欢,王仕德,杨文稼,孙海妮,殷俐娜,邓西平.免耕及深松耕对黄土高原地区春玉米和冬小麦产量及水分利用效率影响的整合分析,中国农业科学,2017,50(3):461-473.WEI H H,WANG S D,YANG W J,SUN H N,YIN L N,DENG X P.Mata analysis on impact of no-tillage and subsoiling tillage on spring maize and winter wheat yield and water use efficiency on the Loess Plateau.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(3):461-473.(in Chinese)
[4]孔晓民,韩成卫,曾苏明,吴秋平,刘丽.不同耕作方式对土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响.玉米科学,2014,22(1):108-113.KONG X M,HAN C W,ZENG S M,WU Q P,LIU L.Effects of different tillage managements on soil physical properties and maize yield.Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(1):108-113.(in Chinese)
[5]尹宝重,张永升,甄文超.海河低平原渠灌区麦田深松的节水增产效应研究.中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1311-1320.YIN B Z,ZHANG Y S,ZHEN W C.Effects of sub-soiling tillage on wheat field water-saving and yield-increasing in canal irrigation district of Haihe Lowland Plain.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(7):1311-1320.(in Chinese)
[6]MOHANTY M,BANDYOPADHYAY K K,PAINULI D K,GHOSHP K,MISRA A K.Water transmission characteristics of a vertisol and water use efficiency of rainfed soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)under subsoiling and manuring.Soil and Tillage Research,2007,93(2):420-428.
[7]王万宁,强小嫚,刘浩,孙景生,马筱建,崔永生.麦前深松对夏玉米土壤物理性状和生长特性的影响.水土保持学报,2017,31(6):229-236.WANG W N,QIANG X M,LIU H,SUN J S,MA X J,CUN Y S.Effects of subsoiling before sowing of winter wheat on soil physical properties and growth characteristics of summer maize.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(6):229-236.(in Chinese)
[8]SU Z Y,ZHANG J S,WU W L,CAI D X,LV J J,JIANG G H,HUANG J,GAO J,HARTMANN R,GABRIELS D.Effects of conservation tillage practices on winter wheat water-use efficiency and crop yield on the Loess Plateau,China.Agricultural Water Management,2007,87(3):307-314.
[9]QIN H L,GAO W S,MA Y C,MA L,YIN C M,CHEN Z,CHEN CL.Effects of subsoiling on soil moisture under no-tillage for two years.Agricultural Sciences in China,2008,41(1):78-85.
[10]OLESEN J E,MUNKHOLM L J.Subsoil loosening in a crop rotation for organic farming eliminated plough pan with mixed effects on crop yield.Soil and Tillage Research,2007,94(2):376-385.
[11]晋鹏宇,任伟,陶洪斌,王璞.深松对夏玉米物质生产、光合性能及根系生长的影响.玉米科学,2014,22(1):114-120.JIN P Y,REN W,TAO H B,WANG P.Effects of subsoiling on dry matter production,photosynthetic performance and root development of summer maize.Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(1):114-120.(in Chinese)
[12]ANNE K,PETER M,NYAMBILILA A,GACHENE C K,PATRICKG.Tillage effects on selected soil physical properties in a maize-bean intercropping system in Mwala District,Kenya.International Scholarly Research Notices,2014(7):1-12.
[13]OSUNBITAN J A,OYEDELE D J,ADEKALU K O.Tillage effects on bulk density,hydraulic conductivity and strength of a loamy sand soil in southwestern Nigeria.Soil and Tillage Research,2005,82(1):57-64.
[14]MOFOKE A L E,ADEXUMI J K,BABATUNDE F E,MUDIARE OJ,RAMALAN A A.Yield of tomato grown under continuous-flow drip irrigation in Bauchi state of Nigeria.Agricultural Water Management,2006,84(1):166-172.
[15]ERTEK A,SENSOY S,GEDIK I,KüCüKYUMUK C.Irrigation scheduling based on pan evaporation values for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)grown under field conditions.Agricultural Water Management,2006,81(1):159-172.
[16]ALI M H,TALUKDER M S U.Increasing water productivity in crop production-A synthesis.Agricultural Water Management,2008,95(11):1201-1213.
[17]秦红灵,高旺盛,马月存,马丽,尹春梅.两年免耕后深松对土壤水分的影响.中国农业科学,2008,41(1):78-85.QIN H L,GAO W S,MA Y C,MA L,YIN C M.Effects of subsoiling on soil moisture under no-tillage 2 years later.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(1):78-85.(in Chinese)
[18]何进,李洪文,高焕文.中国北方保护性耕作条件下深松效应与经济效益研究.农业工程学报,2006,22(10):62-67.HE J,LI H W,GAO H W.Subsoiling effect and economic benefit under conservation tillage mode in Northern China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006,22(10):62-67.(in Chinese)
[19]PIKUL J L J,AASE J K.Water infiltration and storage affected by subsoiling and subsequent tillage.Soil Science Society of America Journal,2003,67(3):859-866.
[20]李荣,侯贤清.深松条件下不同地表覆盖对马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,2015,31(20):115-123.LI R,HOU X Q.Effects of different ground surface mulch under subsoiling on potato yield and water use efficiency.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(20):115-123.(in Chinese)
[21]翟振,李玉义,郭建军,王婧,董国豪,郭智慧,逄焕成.耕深对土壤物理性质及小麦-玉米产量的影响.农业工程学报,2017,33(11):115-123.ZHAI Z,LI Y Y,GUO J J,WANG J,DONG G H,GUO Z H,PANG HC.Effect of tillage depth on soil physical properties and yield of winter wheat-summer maize.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(11):115-123.(in Chinese)
[22]BORGHEI A M,TAGHINEJAD J,MINAEI S,KARIMI M,VARNAMKHASTI M G.Effect of subsoiling on soil bulk density,penetration resistance and cotton yield in northwest of Iran.International Journal of Agricultural and Biology,2008,10(1):120-123.
[23]郭志军,佟金,周志立,任露泉.深松技术研究现状与展望.农业工程学报,2001,17(6):169-174.GUO Z J,TONG J,ZHOU Z L,REN L Q.Review of subsoiling techniques and their applications.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2001,17(6):169-174.(in Chinese)
[24]赵亚丽,薛志伟,郭海斌,穆心愿,李潮海.耕作方式与秸秆还田对冬小麦-夏玉米耗水特性和水分利用效率的影响.中国农业科学,2014,47(17):3359-3371.ZHAO Y L,XUE Z W,GUO H B,MU X Y,LI C H.Effects of tillage and straw returning on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation system.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(17):3359-3371.(in Chinese)
[25]郑侃,何进,李洪文,王庆杰,李问盈.中国北方地区深松对小麦玉米产量的Meta分析.农业工程学报,2015,31(22):7-15.ZHENG K,HE J,LI H W,WANG Q J,LI W Y.Meta-analysis on maize and wheat yield under subsoiling in Northern China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(22):7-15.(in Chinese)
[26]柏炜霞,李军,王玉玲,王丽.渭北旱塬小麦玉米轮作区不同耕作方式对土壤水分和作物产量的影响.中国农科科学,2014,47(5):880-894.BAI W X,LI J,WANG Y L,WANG L.Effects of different tillage methods on soil water and crop yield of winter wheat-spring maize rotation region in Weibei Highland.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(5):880-894.(in Chinese)
[27]郑成岩,于振文,张永丽,王东,石玉,许振柱.土壤深松和补灌对小麦干物质生产及水分利用效率的影响.生态学报,2013,33(7):2260-2271.ZHENG C Y,YU Z W,ZHANG Y L,WANG D,SHI Y,XU Z Z.Effects of subsoiling and supplemental irrigation on dry matter production and water use efficiency in wheat.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(7):2260-2271.(in Chinese)
[28]王红光,于振文,张永丽,石玉,王东.耕作方式对旱地小麦耗水特性和干物质积累的影响,作物学报,2012,38(4):675-682.WANG H G,YU Z W,ZHANG Y L,SHI Y,WANG D.Effects of tillage regimes on water consumption and dry matter accumulation in dryland wheat.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(4):675-682.(in Chinese)
[29]李华,逄焕成,任天志.深旋松耕作法对东北棕壤物理性状及春玉米生长的影响.中国农业科学,2013,46(3):647-656.LI H,PANG H C,REN T Z.Effects of deep rotary-subsoiling tillage method on brown physical properties and maize growth in Northeast of China.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(3):647-656.(in Chinese)
[30]侯贤清,李荣,韩清芳,王维,贾志宽.夏闲期不同耕作模式对土壤蓄水保墒效果及作物水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,2012,28(3):94-100.HOU X Q,LI R,HAN Q F,WANG W,JIA Z K.Effects of different tillage patterns during summer fallow on soil water conservation and crop water use efficiency.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(3):94-100.(in Chinese)
[31]朱文新,孙继颖,高聚林,胡树平,于晓芳,王志刚,于博,朱全贵.深松和灌水次数对春玉米耗水特性及产量的影响.玉米科学,2016,24(5):75-82.ZHU W X,SUN J Y,GAO J L,HU S P,YU X F,WANG Z G,YU B,ZHU Q G.Effect of subsoiling and irrigation frequency on water consumption characteristics and yield of super high yield spring maize.Journal of Maize Sciences,2016,24(5):75-82.(in Chinese)
[2]BORGHEI A M,TAGHINEJAD J,MINAEI S,KARIMI M,VARNAMKHASTI M.Effects of subsoiling on soil bulk density,penetration resistance and cotton yield in northwest of Iran.International Journal of Agricultural Biology,2008,10(1):120-123.
[3]魏欢欢,王仕德,杨文稼,孙海妮,殷俐娜,邓西平.免耕及深松耕对黄土高原地区春玉米和冬小麦产量及水分利用效率影响的整合分析,中国农业科学,2017,50(3):461-473.WEI H H,WANG S D,YANG W J,SUN H N,YIN L N,DENG X P.Mata analysis on impact of no-tillage and subsoiling tillage on spring maize and winter wheat yield and water use efficiency on the Loess Plateau.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2017,50(3):461-473.(in Chinese)
[4]孔晓民,韩成卫,曾苏明,吴秋平,刘丽.不同耕作方式对土壤物理性状及玉米产量的影响.玉米科学,2014,22(1):108-113.KONG X M,HAN C W,ZENG S M,WU Q P,LIU L.Effects of different tillage managements on soil physical properties and maize yield.Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(1):108-113.(in Chinese)
[5]尹宝重,张永升,甄文超.海河低平原渠灌区麦田深松的节水增产效应研究.中国农业科学,2015,48(7):1311-1320.YIN B Z,ZHANG Y S,ZHEN W C.Effects of sub-soiling tillage on wheat field water-saving and yield-increasing in canal irrigation district of Haihe Lowland Plain.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2015,48(7):1311-1320.(in Chinese)
[6]MOHANTY M,BANDYOPADHYAY K K,PAINULI D K,GHOSHP K,MISRA A K.Water transmission characteristics of a vertisol and water use efficiency of rainfed soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr.)under subsoiling and manuring.Soil and Tillage Research,2007,93(2):420-428.
[7]王万宁,强小嫚,刘浩,孙景生,马筱建,崔永生.麦前深松对夏玉米土壤物理性状和生长特性的影响.水土保持学报,2017,31(6):229-236.WANG W N,QIANG X M,LIU H,SUN J S,MA X J,CUN Y S.Effects of subsoiling before sowing of winter wheat on soil physical properties and growth characteristics of summer maize.Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,31(6):229-236.(in Chinese)
[8]SU Z Y,ZHANG J S,WU W L,CAI D X,LV J J,JIANG G H,HUANG J,GAO J,HARTMANN R,GABRIELS D.Effects of conservation tillage practices on winter wheat water-use efficiency and crop yield on the Loess Plateau,China.Agricultural Water Management,2007,87(3):307-314.
[9]QIN H L,GAO W S,MA Y C,MA L,YIN C M,CHEN Z,CHEN CL.Effects of subsoiling on soil moisture under no-tillage for two years.Agricultural Sciences in China,2008,41(1):78-85.
[10]OLESEN J E,MUNKHOLM L J.Subsoil loosening in a crop rotation for organic farming eliminated plough pan with mixed effects on crop yield.Soil and Tillage Research,2007,94(2):376-385.
[11]晋鹏宇,任伟,陶洪斌,王璞.深松对夏玉米物质生产、光合性能及根系生长的影响.玉米科学,2014,22(1):114-120.JIN P Y,REN W,TAO H B,WANG P.Effects of subsoiling on dry matter production,photosynthetic performance and root development of summer maize.Journal of Maize Sciences,2014,22(1):114-120.(in Chinese)
[12]ANNE K,PETER M,NYAMBILILA A,GACHENE C K,PATRICKG.Tillage effects on selected soil physical properties in a maize-bean intercropping system in Mwala District,Kenya.International Scholarly Research Notices,2014(7):1-12.
[13]OSUNBITAN J A,OYEDELE D J,ADEKALU K O.Tillage effects on bulk density,hydraulic conductivity and strength of a loamy sand soil in southwestern Nigeria.Soil and Tillage Research,2005,82(1):57-64.
[14]MOFOKE A L E,ADEXUMI J K,BABATUNDE F E,MUDIARE OJ,RAMALAN A A.Yield of tomato grown under continuous-flow drip irrigation in Bauchi state of Nigeria.Agricultural Water Management,2006,84(1):166-172.
[15]ERTEK A,SENSOY S,GEDIK I,KüCüKYUMUK C.Irrigation scheduling based on pan evaporation values for cucumber(Cucumis sativus L.)grown under field conditions.Agricultural Water Management,2006,81(1):159-172.
[16]ALI M H,TALUKDER M S U.Increasing water productivity in crop production-A synthesis.Agricultural Water Management,2008,95(11):1201-1213.
[17]秦红灵,高旺盛,马月存,马丽,尹春梅.两年免耕后深松对土壤水分的影响.中国农业科学,2008,41(1):78-85.QIN H L,GAO W S,MA Y C,MA L,YIN C M.Effects of subsoiling on soil moisture under no-tillage 2 years later.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2008,41(1):78-85.(in Chinese)
[18]何进,李洪文,高焕文.中国北方保护性耕作条件下深松效应与经济效益研究.农业工程学报,2006,22(10):62-67.HE J,LI H W,GAO H W.Subsoiling effect and economic benefit under conservation tillage mode in Northern China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2006,22(10):62-67.(in Chinese)
[19]PIKUL J L J,AASE J K.Water infiltration and storage affected by subsoiling and subsequent tillage.Soil Science Society of America Journal,2003,67(3):859-866.
[20]李荣,侯贤清.深松条件下不同地表覆盖对马铃薯产量及水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,2015,31(20):115-123.LI R,HOU X Q.Effects of different ground surface mulch under subsoiling on potato yield and water use efficiency.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(20):115-123.(in Chinese)
[21]翟振,李玉义,郭建军,王婧,董国豪,郭智慧,逄焕成.耕深对土壤物理性质及小麦-玉米产量的影响.农业工程学报,2017,33(11):115-123.ZHAI Z,LI Y Y,GUO J J,WANG J,DONG G H,GUO Z H,PANG HC.Effect of tillage depth on soil physical properties and yield of winter wheat-summer maize.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2017,33(11):115-123.(in Chinese)
[22]BORGHEI A M,TAGHINEJAD J,MINAEI S,KARIMI M,VARNAMKHASTI M G.Effect of subsoiling on soil bulk density,penetration resistance and cotton yield in northwest of Iran.International Journal of Agricultural and Biology,2008,10(1):120-123.
[23]郭志军,佟金,周志立,任露泉.深松技术研究现状与展望.农业工程学报,2001,17(6):169-174.GUO Z J,TONG J,ZHOU Z L,REN L Q.Review of subsoiling techniques and their applications.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2001,17(6):169-174.(in Chinese)
[24]赵亚丽,薛志伟,郭海斌,穆心愿,李潮海.耕作方式与秸秆还田对冬小麦-夏玉米耗水特性和水分利用效率的影响.中国农业科学,2014,47(17):3359-3371.ZHAO Y L,XUE Z W,GUO H B,MU X Y,LI C H.Effects of tillage and straw returning on water consumption characteristics and water use efficiency in the winter wheat and summer maize rotation system.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(17):3359-3371.(in Chinese)
[25]郑侃,何进,李洪文,王庆杰,李问盈.中国北方地区深松对小麦玉米产量的Meta分析.农业工程学报,2015,31(22):7-15.ZHENG K,HE J,LI H W,WANG Q J,LI W Y.Meta-analysis on maize and wheat yield under subsoiling in Northern China.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2015,31(22):7-15.(in Chinese)
[26]柏炜霞,李军,王玉玲,王丽.渭北旱塬小麦玉米轮作区不同耕作方式对土壤水分和作物产量的影响.中国农科科学,2014,47(5):880-894.BAI W X,LI J,WANG Y L,WANG L.Effects of different tillage methods on soil water and crop yield of winter wheat-spring maize rotation region in Weibei Highland.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2014,47(5):880-894.(in Chinese)
[27]郑成岩,于振文,张永丽,王东,石玉,许振柱.土壤深松和补灌对小麦干物质生产及水分利用效率的影响.生态学报,2013,33(7):2260-2271.ZHENG C Y,YU Z W,ZHANG Y L,WANG D,SHI Y,XU Z Z.Effects of subsoiling and supplemental irrigation on dry matter production and water use efficiency in wheat.Acta Ecologica Sinica,2013,33(7):2260-2271.(in Chinese)
[28]王红光,于振文,张永丽,石玉,王东.耕作方式对旱地小麦耗水特性和干物质积累的影响,作物学报,2012,38(4):675-682.WANG H G,YU Z W,ZHANG Y L,SHI Y,WANG D.Effects of tillage regimes on water consumption and dry matter accumulation in dryland wheat.Acta Agronomica Sinica,2012,38(4):675-682.(in Chinese)
[29]李华,逄焕成,任天志.深旋松耕作法对东北棕壤物理性状及春玉米生长的影响.中国农业科学,2013,46(3):647-656.LI H,PANG H C,REN T Z.Effects of deep rotary-subsoiling tillage method on brown physical properties and maize growth in Northeast of China.Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2013,46(3):647-656.(in Chinese)
[30]侯贤清,李荣,韩清芳,王维,贾志宽.夏闲期不同耕作模式对土壤蓄水保墒效果及作物水分利用效率的影响.农业工程学报,2012,28(3):94-100.HOU X Q,LI R,HAN Q F,WANG W,JIA Z K.Effects of different tillage patterns during summer fallow on soil water conservation and crop water use efficiency.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2012,28(3):94-100.(in Chinese)
[31]朱文新,孙继颖,高聚林,胡树平,于晓芳,王志刚,于博,朱全贵.深松和灌水次数对春玉米耗水特性及产量的影响.玉米科学,2016,24(5):75-82.ZHU W X,SUN J Y,GAO J L,HU S P,YU X F,WANG Z G,YU B,ZHU Q G.Effect of subsoiling and irrigation frequency on water consumption characteristics and yield of super high yield spring maize.Journal of Maize Sciences,2016,24(5):75-82.(in Chinese)