植物油制备润滑油添加剂的研究进展
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摘要
传统石油基润滑油添加剂对生态环境的不利影响,使得由植物油制备的可生物降解润滑油添加剂成为研究热点。介绍了植物油用作润滑油添加剂的优势和不足,总结了国内外科研工作者通过引入硫、磷等化学元素,环氧化,环状碳酸化和聚合等方法,对植物油进行化学改性与修饰,以提高其抗磨、减摩、抗氧化、增黏、降凝等性能。讨论了由植物油制备润滑油添加剂研发中尚存的问题,认为由植物油经过化学改性与修饰制备的环状碳酸酯型和多功能的聚合型润滑油添加剂是未来发展方向。
Traditional petroleum-based lubrication oil additives have negative impact on environment, thus biodegradable lubricant additives from vegetable oils have attracted much attention. In this study, both the advantages and disadvantages of vegetable oils used as lubricant additives were summarized. Chemical modifications of vegetable oils through induction of sulfur, phosphorus and other chemical elements, epoxidation, cyclic carbonation, and polymerization have been studied by different researchers. These can help improve the performance of lubricant in different areas, such as anti-wear, anti-friction, anti-oxidation, viscosity index, pour point, etc. The challenges in research and development of lubricant additives from vegetable oils are also discussed. It is believed that cyclic carbonate type and multifunctional polymeric lubricant additives prepared from vegetable oils through chemical modification are the future development directions.
Traditional petroleum-based lubrication oil additives have negative impact on environment, thus biodegradable lubricant additives from vegetable oils have attracted much attention. In this study, both the advantages and disadvantages of vegetable oils used as lubricant additives were summarized. Chemical modifications of vegetable oils through induction of sulfur, phosphorus and other chemical elements, epoxidation, cyclic carbonation, and polymerization have been studied by different researchers. These can help improve the performance of lubricant in different areas, such as anti-wear, anti-friction, anti-oxidation, viscosity index, pour point, etc. The challenges in research and development of lubricant additives from vegetable oils are also discussed. It is believed that cyclic carbonate type and multifunctional polymeric lubricant additives prepared from vegetable oils through chemical modification are the future development directions.
引文
[1]丁丽芹,张君涛,梁生荣.润滑油及其添加剂[M].北京:中国石化出版社,2015:163.
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[3]ADEKUNLE A,ORSAT V,RAGHAVAN V.Lignocellulosic bioethanol:A review and design conceptualization study of production from cassava peels[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,64:518-530.
[4]NASSAR A M,AHMED N S,NASSER R M.Jojoba polymers as lubricating oil additives[J].Petroleum&Coal,2015,57(2):120-129.
[5]SALIMON J,ABDULLAH B M,YUSOP R M,et al.Synthesis,reactivity and application studies for different biolubricants[J].Chemistry Central Journal,2014,8:16-27.
[6]ANNISA A N,WIDAYAT W.A review of bio-lubricant production from vegetable oils using esterification transesterification process[C/OL].MATEC Web of Conferences,2018.https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815606007.
[7]孟桂元,李梦阳,周静,等.我国主要植物油料及油脂生产与需求分析[J].中国油脂,2016,41(6):1-5.(MENG Guiyuan,LI Mengyang,ZHOU Jing,et al.Analysis of production and demand of main oil plants and oils in China[J].China Oils And Fats,2016,41(6):1-5.)
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[9]LIU Z,SHARMA B K,ERHAN S Z,et al.Oxidation and low temperature stability of polymerized soybean oilbased lubricants[J].Thermochimica acta,2015,601:9-16.
[10]FOX N,STACHOWIAK G.Vegetable oil-based lubricants---A review of oxidation[J].Tribology international,2007,40(7):1035-1046.
[11]SAMARTH N B,MAHANWAR P A.Modified vegetable oil based additives as a future polymeric material[J].Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials,2015,5(1):1-22.
[12]胡志孟,刘麒荣.硼化植物油的摩擦化学研究[J].润滑与密封,1999,(2):57-58.(HU Zhimeng,LIUQirong,Study on tribochemistry of borated vegetable oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,1999,(2):57-58.)
[13]方建华,陈波水,董凌,等.硼氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(1):29-33.(FANG Jianhua,CHEN Boshui,DONGLing,et al.Tribological behaviors of boron-nitrogen types modified rapeseed oil as lube additives[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2004,35(1):29-33.)
[14]方建华,陈波水,董凌,等.硼氮型改性蓖麻油润滑添加剂在菜籽油基础油和水中的摩擦学性能[J].合成润滑材料,2002,29(1):6-9.(FANG Jianhua,CHENBoshui,DONG Ling,et al.The tirbological behaviors of boron-nitrogen types modified castor oil in rapeseed oil and water[J].Synthetic Lubricants,2002,29(1):6-9.)
[15]FANG J H,CHEN B S,WANG J,et al.Effect of boron-nitrogen containing modified soybean oil lubricating additive on friction and wear behavior of steel-steel and steel-aluminum alloy systems[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,380-384:8-11.
[16]张翔,李建明,王会东,等.一种硼氮型润滑油添加剂的应用研究[J].润滑与密封,2009,34(11):93-95.(ZHANG Xiang,LI Jianming,WANG Huidong,et al.The application research of a borate ester containing nitrogen as lubricant additive[J].Lubrication Engineering,2009,34(11):93-95.)
[17]张翔,李建明,王会东,等.新型硼氮型润滑油添加剂的合成及摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2009,34(2):65-67.(ZHANG Xiang,LI Jianming,WANG Huidong,et al.Synthesis and tribological properties of a novel borate ester containing nitrogen as lubricant additive[J].Lubrication Engineering,2009,34(2):65-67.)
[18]李维民,姜程,王晓波,等.植物油基润滑油添加剂的制备及其摩擦学性能研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2015,31(2):468-475.(LI Weimin,JIANG Cheng,WANG Xiaobo,et al.Preparation and tribological of vegetable oil based lubricating oil additive[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Pricessing Section),2015,31(2):468-475.)
[19]方建华,陈波水,黄伟九,等.磷氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂在菜籽油基础油和矿物油中的摩擦学性能[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(4):29-33.(FANGJianhua,CHEN Boshui,HUANG Weijiu,et al.Tribological behaviors of phosphorus-nitrogen modified rapeseed oil additives in mineral base oil and rapeseed base oil[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2002,33(4):29-33.)
[20]郝振强.含硫润滑油添加剂开发及应用研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2006.
[21]叶斌,陶德华.轻度硫化植物油的摩擦学特性和生物降解性[J].润滑与密封,2006,(4):65-66.(YE Bin,TAO Dehua.The tribological and biodegradable characteristic of the light sulfurized castor oil as base oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,2006,(4):65-66.)
[22]FANG J H,PAN F S,CHEN B S.et al.Friction and wear performances of magnesium alloy against steel under lubrication of rapeseed oil with S-containing additive[J].Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2011,21(12):2649-2653.
[23]陈忠祥,蒋伟锋.硫磷化改性菜子油润滑剂的制备及其摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2005,(4):91-92.(CHEN Zhongxian,JIANG Weifeng.Synthesis and tribological behavior of sulfur-phosphours-incorporated rapeseed oil lubricant[J].Lubrication Engineering,2005,(4):91-92.)
[24]JI X,CHEN Y,WANG X,et al.Tribological behaviors of novel tri(hydroxymethyl)propane esters containing boron and nitrogen as lubricant additives in rapeseed oil[J].Industrial Lubrication and Tribology,2012,64(6):315-320.
[25]SHARMA B K,DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.Ester hydroxy derivatives of methyl oleate:tribological,oxidation and low temperature properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(15):7333-7340.
[26]DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.Synthesis of carbonated fatty methyl esters using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2005,53(24):9608-9614.
[27]DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.The improved synthesis of carbonated soybean oil using supercritical carbon dioxide at a reduced reaction time[J].Green Chemistry,2005,7(12):849-854.
[28]O’DONNELL A,DWEIB M,WOOL R.Natural fiber composites with plant oil-based resin[J].Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(9):1135-1145.
[29]何鑫,吴桂英,闫云君.植物油基平台化合物及高分子材料研究进展[J].生物工程学报,2017,33(5):701-719.(HE Xin,WU Guiying,YAN Yunjun.Advances in platform compounds and polymers from vegetable oils[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2017,33(5):701-719.)
[30]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Green additives for lubricating oil[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2013,1(11):1364-1370.
[31]GHOSH P,KARMAKAR G.Evaluation of sunflower oil as a multifunctional lubricating oil additive[J].International Journal of Industrial Chemistry,2014,5(1):7-17.
[32]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Soybean oil as a biocompatible multifunctional additive for lubricating oil[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2015,3(1):19-25.
[33]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Atom transfer radical polymerization of soybean oil and its evaluation as a biodegradable multifunctional additive in the formulation of eco-friendly lubricant[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2015,4(3):775-781.
[34]GHOSH P,DAS M.Biocompatible multifunctional lubricating oil additives[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2016,34(15):1367-1373.
[35]GHOSH P,HOQUE M,KARMAKAR G.Castor oil as potential multifunctional additive in the formulation of eco-friendly lubricant[J].Polymer Bulletin,2018,75(2):501-514.
[36]GHOSH P,DEY K,UPADHYAY M,et al.Multifunctional biodegradable lube oil additives:Synthesis,characterization,and performance evaluation[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2017,35(1):66-71.
[37]GHOSH P,UPADHYAY M.Isodecyl acrylate-olive oil copolymers as potential biodegradable additive for lubricating oil[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2016,23:100-107.
[38]UPADHYAY M,KARMAKAR G,KAPUR G S,et al.Multifunctional greener additives for lubricating oil[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,2018,58(5):810-815.
[39]GHOSH P,HOQUE M,KARMAKAR G.Terpolymers based on sunflower oil/alkyl acrylate/styrene as sustainable lubricant additive[J].Polymer Bulletin,2017,74(7):2685-2700.
[40]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P,SHARMA B K.Chemically modifying vegetable oils to prepare green lubricants[J].Lubricants,2017,5(4):44-61.
[41]LI W,JIANG C,CHAO M,et al.Natural garlic oil as a high-performance,environmentally friendly,extreme pressure additive in lubricating oils[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2014,2(4):798-803.
[2]GüNER F S,YAˇGCI Y,ERCIYES A T.Polymers from triglyceride oils[J].Progress in Polymer Science,2006,31(7):633-670.
[3]ADEKUNLE A,ORSAT V,RAGHAVAN V.Lignocellulosic bioethanol:A review and design conceptualization study of production from cassava peels[J].Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,2016,64:518-530.
[4]NASSAR A M,AHMED N S,NASSER R M.Jojoba polymers as lubricating oil additives[J].Petroleum&Coal,2015,57(2):120-129.
[5]SALIMON J,ABDULLAH B M,YUSOP R M,et al.Synthesis,reactivity and application studies for different biolubricants[J].Chemistry Central Journal,2014,8:16-27.
[6]ANNISA A N,WIDAYAT W.A review of bio-lubricant production from vegetable oils using esterification transesterification process[C/OL].MATEC Web of Conferences,2018.https://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201815606007.
[7]孟桂元,李梦阳,周静,等.我国主要植物油料及油脂生产与需求分析[J].中国油脂,2016,41(6):1-5.(MENG Guiyuan,LI Mengyang,ZHOU Jing,et al.Analysis of production and demand of main oil plants and oils in China[J].China Oils And Fats,2016,41(6):1-5.)
[8]王普照,段庆华.植物油制备可生物降解基础油的工艺现状及展望[J].石油商技,2016,34(6):10-19.(WANG Puzhao,DUAN Qinhua.The present situation and prospect of process for preparing biodegradable base oil from vegetable oil[J].Petroleum Products Application Research,2016,34(6):10-19.)
[9]LIU Z,SHARMA B K,ERHAN S Z,et al.Oxidation and low temperature stability of polymerized soybean oilbased lubricants[J].Thermochimica acta,2015,601:9-16.
[10]FOX N,STACHOWIAK G.Vegetable oil-based lubricants---A review of oxidation[J].Tribology international,2007,40(7):1035-1046.
[11]SAMARTH N B,MAHANWAR P A.Modified vegetable oil based additives as a future polymeric material[J].Open Journal of Organic Polymer Materials,2015,5(1):1-22.
[12]胡志孟,刘麒荣.硼化植物油的摩擦化学研究[J].润滑与密封,1999,(2):57-58.(HU Zhimeng,LIUQirong,Study on tribochemistry of borated vegetable oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,1999,(2):57-58.)
[13]方建华,陈波水,董凌,等.硼氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂的摩擦学性能研究[J].石油炼制与化工,2004,35(1):29-33.(FANG Jianhua,CHEN Boshui,DONGLing,et al.Tribological behaviors of boron-nitrogen types modified rapeseed oil as lube additives[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2004,35(1):29-33.)
[14]方建华,陈波水,董凌,等.硼氮型改性蓖麻油润滑添加剂在菜籽油基础油和水中的摩擦学性能[J].合成润滑材料,2002,29(1):6-9.(FANG Jianhua,CHENBoshui,DONG Ling,et al.The tirbological behaviors of boron-nitrogen types modified castor oil in rapeseed oil and water[J].Synthetic Lubricants,2002,29(1):6-9.)
[15]FANG J H,CHEN B S,WANG J,et al.Effect of boron-nitrogen containing modified soybean oil lubricating additive on friction and wear behavior of steel-steel and steel-aluminum alloy systems[J].Applied Mechanics and Materials,2013,380-384:8-11.
[16]张翔,李建明,王会东,等.一种硼氮型润滑油添加剂的应用研究[J].润滑与密封,2009,34(11):93-95.(ZHANG Xiang,LI Jianming,WANG Huidong,et al.The application research of a borate ester containing nitrogen as lubricant additive[J].Lubrication Engineering,2009,34(11):93-95.)
[17]张翔,李建明,王会东,等.新型硼氮型润滑油添加剂的合成及摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2009,34(2):65-67.(ZHANG Xiang,LI Jianming,WANG Huidong,et al.Synthesis and tribological properties of a novel borate ester containing nitrogen as lubricant additive[J].Lubrication Engineering,2009,34(2):65-67.)
[18]李维民,姜程,王晓波,等.植物油基润滑油添加剂的制备及其摩擦学性能研究[J].石油学报(石油加工),2015,31(2):468-475.(LI Weimin,JIANG Cheng,WANG Xiaobo,et al.Preparation and tribological of vegetable oil based lubricating oil additive[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica(Petroleum Pricessing Section),2015,31(2):468-475.)
[19]方建华,陈波水,黄伟九,等.磷氮化改性菜籽油润滑添加剂在菜籽油基础油和矿物油中的摩擦学性能[J].石油炼制与化工,2002,33(4):29-33.(FANGJianhua,CHEN Boshui,HUANG Weijiu,et al.Tribological behaviors of phosphorus-nitrogen modified rapeseed oil additives in mineral base oil and rapeseed base oil[J].Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals,2002,33(4):29-33.)
[20]郝振强.含硫润滑油添加剂开发及应用研究[D].郑州:郑州大学,2006.
[21]叶斌,陶德华.轻度硫化植物油的摩擦学特性和生物降解性[J].润滑与密封,2006,(4):65-66.(YE Bin,TAO Dehua.The tribological and biodegradable characteristic of the light sulfurized castor oil as base oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,2006,(4):65-66.)
[22]FANG J H,PAN F S,CHEN B S.et al.Friction and wear performances of magnesium alloy against steel under lubrication of rapeseed oil with S-containing additive[J].Trans Nonferrous Met Soc China,2011,21(12):2649-2653.
[23]陈忠祥,蒋伟锋.硫磷化改性菜子油润滑剂的制备及其摩擦学性能[J].润滑与密封,2005,(4):91-92.(CHEN Zhongxian,JIANG Weifeng.Synthesis and tribological behavior of sulfur-phosphours-incorporated rapeseed oil lubricant[J].Lubrication Engineering,2005,(4):91-92.)
[24]JI X,CHEN Y,WANG X,et al.Tribological behaviors of novel tri(hydroxymethyl)propane esters containing boron and nitrogen as lubricant additives in rapeseed oil[J].Industrial Lubrication and Tribology,2012,64(6):315-320.
[25]SHARMA B K,DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.Ester hydroxy derivatives of methyl oleate:tribological,oxidation and low temperature properties[J].Bioresource Technology,2008,99(15):7333-7340.
[26]DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.Synthesis of carbonated fatty methyl esters using supercritical carbon dioxide[J].Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry,2005,53(24):9608-9614.
[27]DOLL K M,ERHAN S Z.The improved synthesis of carbonated soybean oil using supercritical carbon dioxide at a reduced reaction time[J].Green Chemistry,2005,7(12):849-854.
[28]O’DONNELL A,DWEIB M,WOOL R.Natural fiber composites with plant oil-based resin[J].Composites Science and Technology,2004,64(9):1135-1145.
[29]何鑫,吴桂英,闫云君.植物油基平台化合物及高分子材料研究进展[J].生物工程学报,2017,33(5):701-719.(HE Xin,WU Guiying,YAN Yunjun.Advances in platform compounds and polymers from vegetable oils[J].Chinese Journal of Biotechnology,2017,33(5):701-719.)
[30]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Green additives for lubricating oil[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2013,1(11):1364-1370.
[31]GHOSH P,KARMAKAR G.Evaluation of sunflower oil as a multifunctional lubricating oil additive[J].International Journal of Industrial Chemistry,2014,5(1):7-17.
[32]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Soybean oil as a biocompatible multifunctional additive for lubricating oil[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2015,3(1):19-25.
[33]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P.Atom transfer radical polymerization of soybean oil and its evaluation as a biodegradable multifunctional additive in the formulation of eco-friendly lubricant[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2015,4(3):775-781.
[34]GHOSH P,DAS M.Biocompatible multifunctional lubricating oil additives[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2016,34(15):1367-1373.
[35]GHOSH P,HOQUE M,KARMAKAR G.Castor oil as potential multifunctional additive in the formulation of eco-friendly lubricant[J].Polymer Bulletin,2018,75(2):501-514.
[36]GHOSH P,DEY K,UPADHYAY M,et al.Multifunctional biodegradable lube oil additives:Synthesis,characterization,and performance evaluation[J].Petroleum Science and Technology,2017,35(1):66-71.
[37]GHOSH P,UPADHYAY M.Isodecyl acrylate-olive oil copolymers as potential biodegradable additive for lubricating oil[J].Journal of Polymer Research,2016,23:100-107.
[38]UPADHYAY M,KARMAKAR G,KAPUR G S,et al.Multifunctional greener additives for lubricating oil[J].Polymer Engineering&Science,2018,58(5):810-815.
[39]GHOSH P,HOQUE M,KARMAKAR G.Terpolymers based on sunflower oil/alkyl acrylate/styrene as sustainable lubricant additive[J].Polymer Bulletin,2017,74(7):2685-2700.
[40]KARMAKAR G,GHOSH P,SHARMA B K.Chemically modifying vegetable oils to prepare green lubricants[J].Lubricants,2017,5(4):44-61.
[41]LI W,JIANG C,CHAO M,et al.Natural garlic oil as a high-performance,environmentally friendly,extreme pressure additive in lubricating oils[J].ACS Sustainable Chemistry&Engineering,2014,2(4):798-803.