超声波对润滑油黏度影响的试验研究
|
摘要
研究超声波降黏技术对润滑油黏度和温度的影响。通过搭建润滑油超声降黏试验装置,研究在超声作用和水浴作用下润滑油黏度和温度之间的关系,分析超声降黏机制。结果表明:在温度点相同情况下,超声降黏比水浴降黏效果更好,超声作用相比于水浴加热的降黏幅度更大;润滑油降黏率随着超声作用时间的增加先增大而后趋于稳定,频率42 kHz、超声功率70 W超声波作用10W-50润滑油30 min左右,其降黏率就达74.1%;润滑油的超声降黏机制,除了超声热作用外,还包括超声空化和机械效应;在相同的温度条件下,超声波的热作用对高黏度油样的降黏效果好于低黏度油;超声机械效应可以起到搅拌和均化的作用,促进润滑油温度的均匀化。
The effect of ultrasonic viscosity reduction technology on the viscosity and temperature of lubricating oil was studied.The relationship between the viscosity and temperature of lubricating oil under the action of ultrasound and water bath was studied,and the mechanism of ultrasonic viscosity reduction was analyzed.The results show that,under the same temperature point,the effect of ultrasonic viscosity reduction is better than that of water bath viscosity reduction,and the viscosity reduction of ultrasonic viscosity reduction is greater than that of water bath heating.The viscosity reduction rate of lubricating oil is increased first and then tended to be stable with the increasing of ultrasonic action time.The viscosity reduction rate of lubricating oil 10 W-50 is 74.1% under the ultrasonic action of 42 kHz and 70 W for about 30 min.The ultrasonic viscosity reduction mechanism of lubricating oil includes ultrasonic cavitation and mechanical effect besides the thermal effect of ultrasound.At the same temperature,the thermal effect of ultrasound on viscosity reduction of high-viscosity oil samples is better than that of low-viscosity oil samples.The mechanical effect of ultrasound could play the role of stirring and homogenization,which can promote the homogenization of lubricating oil temperature.
The effect of ultrasonic viscosity reduction technology on the viscosity and temperature of lubricating oil was studied.The relationship between the viscosity and temperature of lubricating oil under the action of ultrasound and water bath was studied,and the mechanism of ultrasonic viscosity reduction was analyzed.The results show that,under the same temperature point,the effect of ultrasonic viscosity reduction is better than that of water bath viscosity reduction,and the viscosity reduction of ultrasonic viscosity reduction is greater than that of water bath heating.The viscosity reduction rate of lubricating oil is increased first and then tended to be stable with the increasing of ultrasonic action time.The viscosity reduction rate of lubricating oil 10 W-50 is 74.1% under the ultrasonic action of 42 kHz and 70 W for about 30 min.The ultrasonic viscosity reduction mechanism of lubricating oil includes ultrasonic cavitation and mechanical effect besides the thermal effect of ultrasound.At the same temperature,the thermal effect of ultrasound on viscosity reduction of high-viscosity oil samples is better than that of low-viscosity oil samples.The mechanical effect of ultrasound could play the role of stirring and homogenization,which can promote the homogenization of lubricating oil temperature.
引文
【1】 张直明,张岩羊,谢友柏,等.滑动轴承的流体动力润滑理论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1986.
【2】 ERSHOV M A,BARANOV D A,MULLAKAEV M S,et al.Reducing viscosity of paraffinic oils in ultrasonic field[J].Chemical and Petroleum Engineering,2011,47(7/8):457-461.
【3 】陈维山,张帆,刘军考.基于超声波微驱动的摩擦改性[J].声学学报,2006,31(5):444-448.CHEN W S,ZHANG F,LIU J K.A method to change frictional characteristics based on ultrasonic micro driving technique[J].Acta Acustica,2006,31(5):444-448.
【4】 乔玉林,杨善林,臧艳,等.超声振动对不同黏度润滑油摩擦学性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(4):6-9.QIAO Y L,YANG S L,ZANG Y,et al.Effect of ultrasonic vibration on the tribological properties of different viscosities of lubrication oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,2012,37(4):6-9.
【5】 黄序韬,梁淑寰.声波采油的机理与特点研究[J].石油学报,1993(4):110-116.HUANG X T,LIANG S H.Mechanism and experimental study of acoustic oil recovery[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993(4):110-116.
【6】 王金明.轴承工作温度探讨[J].热能动力工程,1999,14(5):407.WANG J M.An exploratory investigation of bearing operating temperatures[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,1999,14(5):407.
【7】 冯若.超声手册[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2001.
【8】 艾治余.超声波对流体的作用效应研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2015.
【9】 GRIGOR′EV V A,SVIDCHENKO A I.Effect of pressure on thermal conductivity of crude oils and products[J].Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils,1980,16(2):131-134.
【10】 王立影.稠油的电加热开采理论及方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005.
【11】 武继辉,秦国鲲,张龙堂.超声波对原油粘度影响研究[J].胜利油田职工大学学报,2006,20(4):40.WU J H,QIN G K,ZHANG L T.Research on supersonic wave impact on oil viscosity[J].Journal of Shengli Oilfield Staff University,2006,20(4):40.
【12】 楚子星.化学与物理复合降粘及解堵机理研究[D].东营:中国石油大学,2007.
【13】 李兆敏,林日亿,张平,等.超声波对胜利浅海原油降粘实验研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2004,19(4):463-468.LI Z M,LIN R Y,ZHANG P,et al.Experimental study of viscosity reduction on crude oil of Shengli shallow sea oil field with ultrasonic technique[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,19(4):463-468.
【2】 ERSHOV M A,BARANOV D A,MULLAKAEV M S,et al.Reducing viscosity of paraffinic oils in ultrasonic field[J].Chemical and Petroleum Engineering,2011,47(7/8):457-461.
【3 】陈维山,张帆,刘军考.基于超声波微驱动的摩擦改性[J].声学学报,2006,31(5):444-448.CHEN W S,ZHANG F,LIU J K.A method to change frictional characteristics based on ultrasonic micro driving technique[J].Acta Acustica,2006,31(5):444-448.
【4】 乔玉林,杨善林,臧艳,等.超声振动对不同黏度润滑油摩擦学性能的影响[J].润滑与密封,2012,37(4):6-9.QIAO Y L,YANG S L,ZANG Y,et al.Effect of ultrasonic vibration on the tribological properties of different viscosities of lubrication oil[J].Lubrication Engineering,2012,37(4):6-9.
【5】 黄序韬,梁淑寰.声波采油的机理与特点研究[J].石油学报,1993(4):110-116.HUANG X T,LIANG S H.Mechanism and experimental study of acoustic oil recovery[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,1993(4):110-116.
【6】 王金明.轴承工作温度探讨[J].热能动力工程,1999,14(5):407.WANG J M.An exploratory investigation of bearing operating temperatures[J].Journal of Engineering for Thermal Energy and Power,1999,14(5):407.
【7】 冯若.超声手册[M].南京:南京大学出版社,2001.
【8】 艾治余.超声波对流体的作用效应研究[D].西安:西安石油大学,2015.
【9】 GRIGOR′EV V A,SVIDCHENKO A I.Effect of pressure on thermal conductivity of crude oils and products[J].Chemistry and Technology of Fuels and Oils,1980,16(2):131-134.
【10】 王立影.稠油的电加热开采理论及方法研究[D].大连:大连理工大学,2005.
【11】 武继辉,秦国鲲,张龙堂.超声波对原油粘度影响研究[J].胜利油田职工大学学报,2006,20(4):40.WU J H,QIN G K,ZHANG L T.Research on supersonic wave impact on oil viscosity[J].Journal of Shengli Oilfield Staff University,2006,20(4):40.
【12】 楚子星.化学与物理复合降粘及解堵机理研究[D].东营:中国石油大学,2007.
【13】 李兆敏,林日亿,张平,等.超声波对胜利浅海原油降粘实验研究[J].水动力学研究与进展(A辑),2004,19(4):463-468.LI Z M,LIN R Y,ZHANG P,et al.Experimental study of viscosity reduction on crude oil of Shengli shallow sea oil field with ultrasonic technique[J].Journal of Hydrodynamics,2004,19(4):463-468.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |