海南省变应性鼻炎患者吸入性变应原皮肤点刺试验结果分析
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摘要
目的了解海南地区的不同吸入性变应原阳性率及其地区差异性,为预防变应原提供依据。方法回顾性分析2018年4～7月期间在海南省人民医院耳鼻咽喉科接受变应原皮肤点刺试验的400例变应性鼻炎患者的临床资料。皮肤点刺试验采用ALK公司提供的变应原皮肤点刺试验诊断盒,变应原种类包括屋尘螨、粉尘螨、热带螨、狗毛、猫毛、德国、小蠊、细链、格孢霉、艾蒿、豚草、桦树、树花粉,分析各变应原的阳性率及海南省不同地区的差异性。结果 400例变应原检测患者中,阳性314例,阳性率为78.5%;热带螨阳性率最高,为69.8%,其次是屋尘螨和粉尘螨,阳性率分别为64.8%、52.5%。德国小蠊、狗毛和猫毛的阳性率也较高,分别为36.8%、21.8%和20.8%;陵水地区的粉尘螨、热带螨和德国小蠊阳性率最高,分别为72.2%、83.3%和50.0%。文昌地区的屋尘螨、狗毛和猫毛阳性率最高,分别为80.0%、33.3%和46.7%。结论在海南地区螨虫是主要的吸入性变应原,其中热带螨致敏率最高。陵水地区的粉尘螨、热带螨和德国小蠊阳性率最高,文昌地区的屋尘螨、狗毛和猫毛阳性率最高。
Objective To understand the positive rates of aspiration allergens and their regional differences in Hainan, and to provide evidence for the prevention of allergens. Methods The clinical data of 400 patients with allergic rhinitis who received the allergen skin prick test in Department of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Surgery of Hainan General Hospital from April 2018 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The types of allergens were identified by allergen skin prick test diagnostic kit provided by ALK Company, including dust mites, tropical mites, dog dander, dust mites, cat hair, Germany cockroach, fine chain, spore mould, mugwort, ragweed, birch, tree pollen. The positive rate of each allergen and differences in different areas of Hainan province were analyzed. Results Among the 400 cases of inhalant allergens, there were 314 positive cases with the positive rate of 78.5%. Tropical mite had the highest positive rate of 69.8%, followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(64.8%) and Dermatophagoides farina(52.5%). The positive rates of Blattella germanica, dog hair and cat hair were 36.8%, 21.8% and 20.8%, respectively. The positive rates of Dermatophagoides farina, tropical mite and Blattella germanica were the highest in Lingshui area(72.2%, 83.3% and50.0%, respectively). The positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dog hair and cat hair in Wenchang area were80.0%, 33.3% and 46.7%, respectively. Conclusion In Hainan, mites are the main inhalation allergens, among which tropical mites have the highest sensitization rate. The positive rates of dust mite, tropical mite, and Blattella germanica are the highest in Lingshui area, and the positive rates of house dust mite, dog hair and cat hair are the highest in Wenchang area.
Objective To understand the positive rates of aspiration allergens and their regional differences in Hainan, and to provide evidence for the prevention of allergens. Methods The clinical data of 400 patients with allergic rhinitis who received the allergen skin prick test in Department of Ear, Nose, Throat, Head and Neck Surgery of Hainan General Hospital from April 2018 to July 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. The types of allergens were identified by allergen skin prick test diagnostic kit provided by ALK Company, including dust mites, tropical mites, dog dander, dust mites, cat hair, Germany cockroach, fine chain, spore mould, mugwort, ragweed, birch, tree pollen. The positive rate of each allergen and differences in different areas of Hainan province were analyzed. Results Among the 400 cases of inhalant allergens, there were 314 positive cases with the positive rate of 78.5%. Tropical mite had the highest positive rate of 69.8%, followed by Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(64.8%) and Dermatophagoides farina(52.5%). The positive rates of Blattella germanica, dog hair and cat hair were 36.8%, 21.8% and 20.8%, respectively. The positive rates of Dermatophagoides farina, tropical mite and Blattella germanica were the highest in Lingshui area(72.2%, 83.3% and50.0%, respectively). The positive rates of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, dog hair and cat hair in Wenchang area were80.0%, 33.3% and 46.7%, respectively. Conclusion In Hainan, mites are the main inhalation allergens, among which tropical mites have the highest sensitization rate. The positive rates of dust mite, tropical mite, and Blattella germanica are the highest in Lingshui area, and the positive rates of house dust mite, dog hair and cat hair are the highest in Wenchang area.
引文
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[11]陈实,曾霞,王灵.儿童呼吸道过敏疾病特异性免疫治疗及随访管理[J].中国实用儿科杂志, 2015, 30(1):37-41.
[2] ZHANG Y, ZHANG L. Prevalence of allergic rhinitis in china[J]. Allergy, asthma&immunology research, 2014, 6(2):105-113.
[3] SEKEREL BE, SAHINER UM, BOUSQUET J, et al. Practical guide to skin prick tests in allergy to aeroallergens:some concerns[J]. Allergy, 2012, 67(3):442-443.
[4]孟雅杰,叶彩霞,赵青.海口地区过敏性鼻炎并哮喘息儿过敏原分布及临床意义[J].海南医学, 2011, 22(15):82-83.
[5]向银洲,彭平,许军,等.宜昌地区变应性鼻炎患者变应原检测结果分析[J].海南医学, 2015, 26(2):192-194.
[6]王灵,陈实,廖锋,等.海口市儿童哮喘变应原流行病学调查研究[J].海南医学, 2016, 27(4):665-667.
[7] BOUSQUET J, KHALTAEV N, CRUZ AA, et al. Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma(ARIA)2008 update(in collaboration with the World Health Organization, GA2LEN and Allergen)[J]. Allergy,2008, 63(S86):8-160.
[8] BOUSQUET J, LOCKEY R, MALLING HJ, et al. Allergen immunotherapy:therapeutic vaccines for allergic diseases. Geneva:January27-29 1997[J]. Allergy, 1998, 53(44 Suppl):1-42.
[9] BERNSTEIN IL, STORMS WW. Practice parameters for allergy diagnostic testing. Joint task force on practice parameters for the diagnosis and treatment of Asthma. The American Academy of Allergy,Asthma and Immunology and the American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology[J]. Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol, 1995, 75(6Pt 2):543-625.
[10]王向东,张罗.气传变应原皮肤点刺试验临床操作指南[J].中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志, 2012, 47(7):611-613.
[11]陈实,曾霞,王灵.儿童呼吸道过敏疾病特异性免疫治疗及随访管理[J].中国实用儿科杂志, 2015, 30(1):37-41.