中低速磁浮系统起浮阶段的振动特性分析
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摘要
为了研究电磁悬浮(EMS)中低速磁浮系统在起浮阶段的悬浮稳定性问题,建立了"车辆-电磁-轨道梁"耦合系统动力学模型。利用仿真模型分析了EMS中低速磁浮系统在起浮阶段的振动响应特性,对比分析了弹性梁与刚性梁的振动差别,仿真分析了单级悬浮控制与双级悬浮控制的效果差异。结果表明:EMS中低速磁浮列车在弹性轨道梁上起浮时,容易发生悬浮失稳的异常振动现象,原因是单级悬浮控制模式的悬浮架自激振动频率激发了弹性轨道梁的固有频率,从而诱发了车轨剧烈耦合共振;提高轨道梁刚度或采用双级悬浮控制器模式,可以缓解EMS中低速磁浮系统起浮阶段异常振动引起的悬浮失稳现象。
In order to study the suspension stability of EMS low-medium spead maglev levitation in the lifting stages,the coupling dynamics models of"vehicle-electromagnetism-track beam"were established.The vibration response characteristics of EMS low-medium speed maglev systems were analyzed by using the simulation models,and the vibration differences between the elastic beam and rigid beam were compared.The differences between single-stage suspension control and two-stage suspension control were simulated.The results show that the lifting stages of the maglev trains are more prone to suspension instability on the elastic beams,maglev train abnormal vibrations are easy to occur;The reasons are that the self-excited vibration frequencies of suspension frames motivate the natural frequencies of elastic track beams,which induces the strong coupling resonance of the train tracks.Increasing the stiffness of track beams or adopting the two-stage suspension controller model may alleviate the abnormal vibrations of the suspension instability during EMS low-medium speed maglev levitation in the lifting stages.
In order to study the suspension stability of EMS low-medium spead maglev levitation in the lifting stages,the coupling dynamics models of"vehicle-electromagnetism-track beam"were established.The vibration response characteristics of EMS low-medium speed maglev systems were analyzed by using the simulation models,and the vibration differences between the elastic beam and rigid beam were compared.The differences between single-stage suspension control and two-stage suspension control were simulated.The results show that the lifting stages of the maglev trains are more prone to suspension instability on the elastic beams,maglev train abnormal vibrations are easy to occur;The reasons are that the self-excited vibration frequencies of suspension frames motivate the natural frequencies of elastic track beams,which induces the strong coupling resonance of the train tracks.Increasing the stiffness of track beams or adopting the two-stage suspension controller model may alleviate the abnormal vibrations of the suspension instability during EMS low-medium speed maglev levitation in the lifting stages.
引文
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[2] CUI Yuxi,SHEN Gang,WANG Hui.Maglev Vehicle-guideway Coupling Vibration Test Rig Based on the Similarity Theory[J].Journal of Vibration and Control,2014,22(1):286-295.
[3]耿杰.中低速磁浮列车-简支梁系统耦合振动试验研究[J].铁道学报,2018,40(2):118-124.GENG Jie.Experimental Study on Coupled Vibration of Low-medium Speed Maglev Train and Simply Supported Girder System[J].Journal of railway,2018,40(2):118-124.
[4]梁鑫.常导磁浮列车动态磁轨关系研究[J].铁道学报,2013,35(9):39-45.LIANG Xin.Study on Dynamic Magnet-track Relationship of Maglev Vehicles[J].Journal of the China Railway Society,2013,35(9):39-45.
[5] KIM K J,HAN J B,HAN H S,et al.Coupled Vibration Analysis of Maglev Vehicle Guideway while Standing Still or Moving at Low Speeds[J].Vehicle System Dynamics,2015,53(4):587-601.
[6]邓亚士,魏庆朝.高速磁浮桥上轨道梁振动特性初步研究[J].振动工程学报,2008,21(3):248-254.DENG Yashi,Wei Qingchao.Vibration Characteristics of Guideway Specific for Bridge of Maglev under Irregularities[J].Journal of Vibration Engineering,2008,21(3):248-254.
[7]刘洁.磁悬浮列车高架桥梁系统耦合动力问题研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2016.LIU Jie.The Study on Coupling Dynamic Problem of Maglev Train-bridge System[D].Beijing:Beijing Jiaotong University,2016.
[8]施晓红.常导高速磁浮列车车轨耦合非线性动力学问题研究[D].长沙:国防科技大学,2005.SHI Xiaohong.Research on the Guideway-vehicle Coupling Nonlinear Dynamic Problems of the EMS High-speed Maglev[D].Changsha:National University of Defense Technology,2005.
[9]李小珍,耿杰.中低速磁浮列车-低置梁系统竖向耦合振动研究[J].工程力学,2017,34(12):210-218.LI Xiaozhen,GENG Jie.Study on Vertical Coupling Vibration of Low-medium Speed Maglev Train and At-ground-structure System[J].Engineering Mechanics,2017,34(12):210-218.
[10]曾国锋.长沙中低速磁浮工程的道岔设计与调试[J].城市轨道交通研究,2016,19(5):44-48.ZENG Guofeng.Design and Debugging of Guideway Switch in Changsha Mid-low Speed Maglev Project[J].Urban Rail Transit Research,2016,19(5):44-48.
[11]刘希军,张昆仑.中低速磁浮列车垂向动力学分析[J].铁道科学与工程学报,2014,11(1):137-142.LIU Xijun,ZHANG Kunlun.Vertical Dynamics Analysis of Middle and Low Speed Maglev Vehicle[J].Journal of Railway Science and Engineering,2014,11(1):137-142.
[12]翟婉明.车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.ZHAI Wanming.Vehicle-track Coupled Dynamics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2006.