基于多维分形理论的地质灾害地球物理调查
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摘要
近地表地质灾害具有多期次和空间相关性等特点,它们所产生的地球物理场会呈现空间自相似性,满足多重分形理论,可以利用分形、分维理论进行地球物理数据分析。将C-A多重分形模型应用于放射性地裂缝勘探的数据处理,将分维方法应用于TEM煤田采空区勘探的数据处理,效果明显。分形与分维理论考虑了异常的空间形态和变化性以及地球物理场的各向异性和广义自相似性,可以分析地球物理场的空间分布,通过压制背景干扰来突出局部异常;可以借助分维数,表征空间不规则形体的复杂程度,揭示局部随机性和整体确定性特征。分形与分维理论为近地表地质灾害地球物理数据提供了十分有效的分析处理技术。
The near surface geological disasters have several stages and spatial correlation characteristics,and its geophysical field which shows the spatial self similarity to meet the multi-fractal theory.The multi-fractal theory and multi-dimension theory can be used in the geophysical data processing.C-A multi-fractal model can be applied to the data process from radioactive ground fissures exploration,and fractal dimension method can be applied to the data process from TEM coalfield goaf exploration.The effect is obvious.The theory of fractals and fractal dimension considered abnormal spatial form,spatial variability,anisotropic geophysical fields and generalized self-similarity.Using the multi-fractal method,the spatial distribution of geophysical fields can be analyzed,and the background signal suppressing can highlight the local anomalies.Using the fractal dimension,the complexity of the space of irregular form can be characterized,and the local randomness and the overalldeterministic characteristics can be revealed.The theory of fractals and fractal dimension provides the very effective analytical processing technology for geophysical data processing about near-surface geological disasters.
The near surface geological disasters have several stages and spatial correlation characteristics,and its geophysical field which shows the spatial self similarity to meet the multi-fractal theory.The multi-fractal theory and multi-dimension theory can be used in the geophysical data processing.C-A multi-fractal model can be applied to the data process from radioactive ground fissures exploration,and fractal dimension method can be applied to the data process from TEM coalfield goaf exploration.The effect is obvious.The theory of fractals and fractal dimension considered abnormal spatial form,spatial variability,anisotropic geophysical fields and generalized self-similarity.Using the multi-fractal method,the spatial distribution of geophysical fields can be analyzed,and the background signal suppressing can highlight the local anomalies.Using the fractal dimension,the complexity of the space of irregular form can be characterized,and the local randomness and the overalldeterministic characteristics can be revealed.The theory of fractals and fractal dimension provides the very effective analytical processing technology for geophysical data processing about near-surface geological disasters.
引文
[1]许德树,卢景奇,李元厚,等.高精度重力测量在香港石硖尾滑坡治理区的应用[J].物探与化探,2004,28(4):345-348.
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[23]曹茂森,任青文,王怀洪.基于小波与分形理论的地震异常检测[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):672-679.
[24]梁齐端,赵世龙,丁忙生.自然伽马测井曲线的分形特征分析[J].物探与化探,2006,30(3):240-243.
[25]桂蕾,殷坤龙.基于多重分形理论的滑坡地表监测位移分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(11):3 908-3 914.
[26]王倩,陈建平.基于分形理论的遥感蚀变异常提取和分级[J].地质通报,2009,28(2/3):285-288.
[27]成秋明.空间自相似性与地球物理和地球化学场的分解方法[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):8-17.
[28]张焱,周永章.多重地球化学背景下地球化学弱异常增强识别与信息提取[J].地球化学,2012,41(3):278-291.
[29]于青.关联维数计算的分析研究[J].天津理工学院学报,2004,20(4):60-62.
[2]邓居智,叶树林,刘庆成.氡及其子体测量方法在滑坡勘查中的应用研究[J].地质与勘探,2008,44(1):113-116.
[3]Guo Xiujun,Huang Xiaoyu,Jia Yinggang.Forward modeling of different types of landslides with mult-electrode electric method(English)[J].Journal of Chinese Geophysical Society Applied Geophysics,2005,2(1):14-20+70.
[4]王国群.不同成因地裂缝探地雷达图像特征[J].物探与化探,2009,33(3):345-349.
[5]李忠生.构造地裂缝的成因与地震勘探[J].煤田地质与勘探,2004,32(4):54-56.
[6]韩许恒,郁春霞.氡射气测量在西安地裂缝勘察中的应用研究[J].工程地质学报,1997,5(1):66-72.
[7]冯兵,孟小红,张斌.TEM框内回线装置发射框边界影响及消除方法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2010,38(5):61-66.
[8]程建远,孙洪星,赵庆彪,等.老窑采空区的探测技术与实例研究[J].煤炭学报,2008,33(3):251-255.
[9]余传涛,刘鸿福,高建平.双频激电法在探测煤矿采空区的尝试[J].地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1 603-1 609.
[10]王宾,韩晓南,王康东.综合物探方法在采空塌陷区地质灾害勘查中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2013,10(5):725-729.
[11]夏中广,郭莹.电法勘探在某辉锑矿采空区探测中的应用[J].工程地球物理学报,2013,10(5):676-682.
[12]薛国强,李貅.瞬变电磁隧道超前预报成像技术[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(3):894-900.
[13]钟世航.陆地声纳法的原理及其在铁路地质勘测和隧道施工中的应用[J].中国铁道科学,1995,16(4):48-55.
[14]孙怀凤,李术才,李貅,等.核磁共振测深进行隧道超前地质预报的可行性[J].山东大学学报(工学版),2013,43(1):92-97+103.
[15]Cheng Q,Agterberg F P,Ballantyne S B.The separation of geochemical anomalies from background by fractal methods[J].Journal of Exploration,1994,51(2):109-130.
[16]成秋明.非线性成矿预测理论:多重分形奇异性-广义自相似性-分形谱系模型与方法[J].地球科学-中国地质大学学报,2006,31(3):337-348.
[17]成秋明,张生元,左仁广,等.多重分形滤波方法和地球化学信息提取技术研究与进展[J].地学前缘,2009,16(2):185-198.
[18]Lovejo y S,Schertzer D.Scaling and multifractal fields in the solid earth and topography.Nonlinear Processes of Geophysics,2007,14(4):465-502.
[19]李庆谋,刘少华.地球物理信号能量(密度)多维分形及应用[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(1):24-30.
[20]李庆谋,刘少华.分形噪声、(多维)分形滤波及地球物理测井曲线处理应用[J].物探化探计算技术,2001,23(1):37-42.
[21]石雨田,潘保芝.分维的应用——定量描述裂缝发育程度[J].物探与化探,2000,24(6):426-430+437.
[22]李学民,曹俊兴,刘柏红.分形理论在提取大地电磁资料构造信息中的应用[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):245-247.
[23]曹茂森,任青文,王怀洪.基于小波与分形理论的地震异常检测[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(3):672-679.
[24]梁齐端,赵世龙,丁忙生.自然伽马测井曲线的分形特征分析[J].物探与化探,2006,30(3):240-243.
[25]桂蕾,殷坤龙.基于多重分形理论的滑坡地表监测位移分析[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(11):3 908-3 914.
[26]王倩,陈建平.基于分形理论的遥感蚀变异常提取和分级[J].地质通报,2009,28(2/3):285-288.
[27]成秋明.空间自相似性与地球物理和地球化学场的分解方法[J].地球物理学进展,2001,16(2):8-17.
[28]张焱,周永章.多重地球化学背景下地球化学弱异常增强识别与信息提取[J].地球化学,2012,41(3):278-291.
[29]于青.关联维数计算的分析研究[J].天津理工学院学报,2004,20(4):60-62.