海拉尔东山达乌尔黄鼠洞穴结构与利用
|
摘要
2011年5~10月在内蒙古呼伦贝尔市海拉尔东山,对达乌尔黄鼠的12个未哺乳达乌尔黄鼠洞穴进行挖掘和测量。结果显示:达乌尔黄鼠洞穴有临时洞(夏季洞)和居住洞(冬眠洞)两种,洞穴的洞口朝向一般为西北或东北方向。临时洞的结构较简单,多数只有一个洞口;冬眠洞的结构较复杂,冬眠洞的洞口光滑,洞口宽度一般为6~9cm,洞口近处的洞道斜向下方,然后急转向下,近乎垂直,接着斜行一段入巢。洞穴深度多为90~100 cm,洞穴总长为110~126 cm,分叉较少,洞道中部的巢穴形状扁平,巢穴中絮有碎草、塑料、泡沫等。巢穴附近有厕所,大多数达乌尔黄鼠洞穴有盲洞,盲洞位于离洞口30~60 cm处。
From May to October in 2011, the caves of twelve non-breeding Citellus dauricus were dug and measured in Hailar East Mountain in Hulunbuir city of Inner Mongolia. The results were as follows: the caves of Citellus dauricus were classified into two categories, namely temporary holes(summer holes) and live holes(hibernation holes). The entrance direction of the caves was towards the northwest or northeast. Temporary hole in structure was simple and majority of temporary holes only had one entrance, while hibernation hole in structure was more complex and the entrance of hibernation holes was smooth. The mean width of the entrances of hibernation holes was usually from 6 to 9 cm. The tunnels near the cave entrance slanted to the below, and turned sharply downward, almost vertical, and then slanted a distance till into the nest. The mean depth was from 90 to 100 cm. The overall length of a cave was approximately from 110 to 126 cm. Bifurcation of the caves was less and the nest shape of the middle tunnel was flat. The nests were padded with crushed grass, plastic and foam, and the toilets were near the nests. Most of the caves of Citellus dauricus had a blind hole, which located away from cave entrance at 30 to 60 cm.
From May to October in 2011, the caves of twelve non-breeding Citellus dauricus were dug and measured in Hailar East Mountain in Hulunbuir city of Inner Mongolia. The results were as follows: the caves of Citellus dauricus were classified into two categories, namely temporary holes(summer holes) and live holes(hibernation holes). The entrance direction of the caves was towards the northwest or northeast. Temporary hole in structure was simple and majority of temporary holes only had one entrance, while hibernation hole in structure was more complex and the entrance of hibernation holes was smooth. The mean width of the entrances of hibernation holes was usually from 6 to 9 cm. The tunnels near the cave entrance slanted to the below, and turned sharply downward, almost vertical, and then slanted a distance till into the nest. The mean depth was from 90 to 100 cm. The overall length of a cave was approximately from 110 to 126 cm. Bifurcation of the caves was less and the nest shape of the middle tunnel was flat. The nests were padded with crushed grass, plastic and foam, and the toilets were near the nests. Most of the caves of Citellus dauricus had a blind hole, which located away from cave entrance at 30 to 60 cm.
引文
[1]赵天飙,梁炜,秦丰程,等.草原黄鼠生态学研究概述[J].内蒙古师大学报(自然科学汉文版),2000(2):125-129.
[2]辛晓红,闫庆忠.北票地区草地黄鼠的发生特点及灭鼠方法[J].草业科学,2008(5):18-19.
[3]赵肯堂.内蒙古啮齿动物[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1981,75-83.
[4]马立名.黄鼠生态学观察[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):20-22.
[5]安文举.关于黄鼠冬眠洞型的讨论[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):27-29.
[6]刘宝和,李贵昌.对黄鼠夏蛰的探讨[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):16-18.
[7]赵生成.达乌尔黄鼠的活动规律和捕捉方法[J].动物学报,1975,21(1):5-8.
[8]孙桂芳.黄鼠和沙土鼠的生活习性和捕灭方法[J]生物学通报,1957(12):32-35.
[9]夏武平,钟文勤.黄鼠洞口与其周围植物群落的关系[J].动物学报,1978,24(4):335-343.
[10]丁文杰,王军华,张学顺,等.达乌尔黄鼠的调查方法及防治措施[J].养殖技术顾问,2008(6):52-53.
[2]辛晓红,闫庆忠.北票地区草地黄鼠的发生特点及灭鼠方法[J].草业科学,2008(5):18-19.
[3]赵肯堂.内蒙古啮齿动物[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1981,75-83.
[4]马立名.黄鼠生态学观察[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):20-22.
[5]安文举.关于黄鼠冬眠洞型的讨论[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):27-29.
[6]刘宝和,李贵昌.对黄鼠夏蛰的探讨[J].流行病学杂志,1959(1):16-18.
[7]赵生成.达乌尔黄鼠的活动规律和捕捉方法[J].动物学报,1975,21(1):5-8.
[8]孙桂芳.黄鼠和沙土鼠的生活习性和捕灭方法[J]生物学通报,1957(12):32-35.
[9]夏武平,钟文勤.黄鼠洞口与其周围植物群落的关系[J].动物学报,1978,24(4):335-343.
[10]丁文杰,王军华,张学顺,等.达乌尔黄鼠的调查方法及防治措施[J].养殖技术顾问,2008(6):52-53.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |