汇水区划分对InfoWorks ICM水力模拟结果的影响
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摘要
利用InfoWorks ICM模型建立F市某建成区的排水管网模型,基于参数灵敏度分析,比较泰森多边形、GIS数字水文和人工绘制这3种汇水区划分方式以及高、中高、中、低这4种划分精度对模拟结果的影响。结果表明,不同划分方式和精度主要对模型中的汇水区性状参数造成扰动,导致模型模拟结果存在差异。在各降雨强度下,产流表面坡度对峰现时间和积水量均有一定影响,受其影响较小的平原城市地区宜采用泰森多边形法,地形起伏较大区域则宜选用GIS划分方法;汇水区面积和汇流宽度对峰值流量、径流总量和积水量均有显著影响,且对积水量起决定性作用;以排涝防洪为主导需求时,宜采用中高或高精度划分汇水区。在模型建立过程中应综合考虑研究目标、区域尺度和降雨特征等合理选取汇水区划分方式与精度。
A sewerage system in F city was modeled in InfoWorks ICM. Three methods for the division of the drainage catchments,namely Thiessen polygon,GIS digital hydrological analysis and manual division,and four levels of division precisions,including high,medium high,medium and low,were utilized to conduct a sensitivity analysis on the simulation results. The results showed dependency to division methods and precisions. The Thiessen polygon method and the GIS analysis method were recommended for use in the plain urban area and the undulating terrain respectively,because the catchment slope demonstrated some impacts on the peak time and the flood volume. The catchment area and width showed significant influences on the peak flow,total runoff,and flood volume. High or medium high division precision was recommended when flood control and drainage were the top priorities.Study objectives,regional scales,and rainfall characteristics were critical factors in choosing the division method and precision of catchment in the process of model establishment.
A sewerage system in F city was modeled in InfoWorks ICM. Three methods for the division of the drainage catchments,namely Thiessen polygon,GIS digital hydrological analysis and manual division,and four levels of division precisions,including high,medium high,medium and low,were utilized to conduct a sensitivity analysis on the simulation results. The results showed dependency to division methods and precisions. The Thiessen polygon method and the GIS analysis method were recommended for use in the plain urban area and the undulating terrain respectively,because the catchment slope demonstrated some impacts on the peak time and the flood volume. The catchment area and width showed significant influences on the peak flow,total runoff,and flood volume. High or medium high division precision was recommended when flood control and drainage were the top priorities.Study objectives,regional scales,and rainfall characteristics were critical factors in choosing the division method and precision of catchment in the process of model establishment.
引文
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[3]刘德儿,袁显贵,沈敬伟,等.基于GIS的新城区水文参数自动提取及应用[J].工程设计学报,2015,22(6):552-561.Liu Deer,Yuan Xiangui,Shen Jingwei,et al.Automatic extraction and application of hydrologic parameters in new town based on GIS[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Design,2015,22(6):552-561(in Chinese).
[4]解智强,何江龙,高忠,等.地下排水管线地理信息水力建模与城市内涝防治应用[J].办公自动化,2014(S1):12-16.Xie Zhiqiang,He Jianglong,Gao Zhong,et al.Hydraulic modeling of underground drainage pipeline based on GISand its application of urban waterlogging control[J].Office Informatization,2014(S1):12-16(in Chinese).
[5]赵冬泉,陈吉宁,佟庆远,等.子汇水区的划分对SWMM模拟结果的影响研究[J].环境保护,2008(8):56-59.Zhao Dongquan,Chen Jining,Tong Qingyuan,et al.Influence of sub-catchment division on SWMM simulation results[J].Environmental Protection,2008(8):56-59(in Chinese).
[6]秦攀,雷坤,乔飞,等.子汇水区划分精度对SWMM模拟城市非点源的影响[J].环境科学与技术,2016,39(6):179-186.Qin Pan,Lei Kun,Qiao Fei,et al.Impact of subcatchment size delineation on urban non-point source pollution simulation using SWMM[J].Environmental Science&Technology,2016,39(6):179-186(in Chinese).
[7]马姗姗,庄宝玉,张新波,等.绿色屋顶与下凹式绿地串联对洪峰的削减效应分析[J].中国给水排水,2014,30(3):101-105.Ma Shanshan,Zhuang Baoyu,Zhang Xinbo,et al.Analysis of peak flow reduction with green roof and sunken lawn applied in series[J].China Water&Wastewater,2014,30(3):101-105(in Chinese).
[8]Mannina G,Viviani G.Separate and combined sewer systems:a long-term modelling approach[J].Water Sci Technol,2009,60(3):555-565.
[9]Park S Y,Lee K W,Park I H.Effect of the aggregation level of surface runoff fields and sewer network for a SWMM simulation[J].Desalination,2008,226(1/3):328-337.
[10]Duke G D,Kienzle S W,Johnson D L.Improving overland flow routing by incorporating ancillary road data into digital elevation models[J].J Spat Hydrol,2003,3(2):1-27.
[11]左俊杰,蔡永立.平原河网地区汇水区的划分方法---以上海市为例[J].水科学进展,2011,22(3):337-343.Zuo Junjie,Cai Yongli.An automated watershed delineations approach for plain river network regions:Acase study in Shanghai[J].Advances in Water Science,2011,22(3):337-343(in Chinese).
[12]Zádor J,Zsély I,Turányi T.Local and global uncertainty analysis of complex chemical kinetic systems[J].Reliab Eng Syst Safe,2006,91(10/11):1232-1240.
[13]刘非,方正,唐智.ICM模型的水文参数局部灵敏度及其稳定性分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2015(11):73-76.Liu Fei,Fang Zheng,Tang Zhi.An analysis of ICM local sensitivity of hydrological parameters and its stationarity[J].China Rural Water and Hydropower,2015(11):73-76(in Chinese).
[14]蒋元勇,丰锴斌,刘学文,等.城市雨洪SWMM模型的敏感参数研究综述[J].生态科学,2015,34(2):194-200.Jiang Yuanyong,Feng Kaibin,Liu Xuewen,et al.Summary of sensitive parameters SWMM model of urban stormwater[J].Ecological Science,2015,34(2):194-200(in Chinese).
[15]王浩昌,杜鹏飞,赵冬泉,等.城市降雨径流模型参数全局灵敏度分析[J].中国环境科学,2008,28(8):725-729.Wang Haochang,Du Pengfei,Zhao Dongquan,et al.Global sensitivity analysis for urban rainfall-runoff model[J].China Environmental Science,2008,28(8):725-729(in Chinese).