鄂尔多斯盆地致密油水平井注水吞吐开发实践——以延长组长7油层组为例
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摘要
针对致密油藏长水平井自然能量开发后期如何补充能量的难题,在致密油藏注水吞吐采油机理、可动油定量评价和矿场试验评价的基础上,提出了水平井注水吞吐的选井条件和技术政策:①初期产量较高、含水较低、有一定稳产期的水平井实施注水吞吐效果较好。②从经济性和储层非均质性两方面考虑,若水平井单段人工裂缝破裂压力差异小,则采用经济、操作简单的笼统注水吞吐方式;若水平井单段人工裂缝破裂压力差异较大,采用分段注水吞吐方式能够较好提高段间注水波及面积,缺点是成本较高。③鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组致密油自然能量开发转注水吞吐补充能量时机为地层压力保持水平降到原始地层压力的60%;注水吞吐注水后地层压力保持水平达到原始地层压力的110%;单段注水速度为10～20 m~3/d;焖井时间为10～13d(1 000 m~3注水量);开井后水平井百米日产液量为1.5 m~3/d。对鄂尔多斯盆地延长组长7油层组的50多个井组开展了致密油水平井注水吞吐试验,有效井组的比例达到了约70%,平均井组增油量为610t,取得了较好的实施效果。
It is difficult to guarantee energy supplement during the later production stage of natural energy development in tight oil reservoirs of long horizontal wells.Based on the water flooding huff-puff mechanism of tight oil reservoir,the quantitative assessment of movable oil and the field test evaluation,the well selection conditions and technical polices for water flooding huff-puff of horizontal well are proposed as below:(1)The effect of water flooding huff-puff in horizontal well is better in case of early high productivity,low water cut and a period of stable production.(2)Considering the economical efficiency and reservoir heterogeneity,when the difference in artificial fracture pressure is slight in each single section of horizontal well,the general water flooding huff-puff mode with economical and simple operation is applied;while the difference is large,the segmented water flooding huff-puff mode is used to better improve the water swept area between two sections,but at a high cost.(3)When the formation pressure is reduced to 60%of the original pressure,it is suitable to start energy supplement by water flooding huff-puff after natural energy production in Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs,Ordos Basin;after wate flooding huff-puff,the formation pressure reaches 110% of the original pressure;the water flooding rate is 10-20 m~3/d in individual section,the closing-in time is 15-30 days(1 000 m~3 of injected water),and the daily liquid production is 1.5 m~3 for 100 m long section after horizontal well startup.The water flooding huff-puff experiments in horizontal wells of Chang 7 tight oil reservoir,Ordos Basin have been applied in more than50 well groups,and the proportion of effective well group is up to 70%,and on average the oil production is increased by 610 t,indicating good application results.
It is difficult to guarantee energy supplement during the later production stage of natural energy development in tight oil reservoirs of long horizontal wells.Based on the water flooding huff-puff mechanism of tight oil reservoir,the quantitative assessment of movable oil and the field test evaluation,the well selection conditions and technical polices for water flooding huff-puff of horizontal well are proposed as below:(1)The effect of water flooding huff-puff in horizontal well is better in case of early high productivity,low water cut and a period of stable production.(2)Considering the economical efficiency and reservoir heterogeneity,when the difference in artificial fracture pressure is slight in each single section of horizontal well,the general water flooding huff-puff mode with economical and simple operation is applied;while the difference is large,the segmented water flooding huff-puff mode is used to better improve the water swept area between two sections,but at a high cost.(3)When the formation pressure is reduced to 60%of the original pressure,it is suitable to start energy supplement by water flooding huff-puff after natural energy production in Chang 7 tight oil reservoirs,Ordos Basin;after wate flooding huff-puff,the formation pressure reaches 110% of the original pressure;the water flooding rate is 10-20 m~3/d in individual section,the closing-in time is 15-30 days(1 000 m~3 of injected water),and the daily liquid production is 1.5 m~3 for 100 m long section after horizontal well startup.The water flooding huff-puff experiments in horizontal wells of Chang 7 tight oil reservoir,Ordos Basin have been applied in more than50 well groups,and the proportion of effective well group is up to 70%,and on average the oil production is increased by 610 t,indicating good application results.
引文
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[23]李雪,赵志红,荣军委.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测测试技术与应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(3):43-45.LI Xue,ZHAO Zhihong,RONG Junwei.Microseismic monitoring technology of hydraulic fracture and its applications[J].Well Testing,2012,21(3):43-45.
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[2]魏海峰,凡哲元,袁向春.致密油藏开发技术研究进展[J].油气地质与采收率,2013,20(2):62-66.WEI Haifeng,FAN Zheyuan,YUAN Xiangchun.Review on new advances in foreign tight oil development technology and their enlightenment[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2013,20(2):62-66.
[3]李忠兴,屈雪峰,刘万涛,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7段致密油合理开发方式探讨[J].石油勘探与开发,2015,42(2):217-221.LI Zhongxing,QU Xuefeng,LIU Wantao,et al.Development modes of Triassic Yanchang Formation Chang7 Member tight oil in Ordos Basin,NW China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2015,42(2):217-221.
[4]樊建明,杨子清,李卫兵,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密油水平井体积压裂开发效果评价及认识[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(4):103-110.FAN Jianming,YANG Ziqing,LI Weibing,et al.Assessment of fracturing treatment of horizontal wells using SRV technique for Chang-7tight oil reservoir in Ordos Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2015,39(4):103-110.
[5]杨华,李士祥,刘显阳.鄂尔多斯盆地致密油、页岩油特征及资源潜力[J].石油学报,2013,34(1):1-11.YANG Hua,LI Shixiang,LIU Xianyang.Characteristics and resource prospects of tight oil and shale oil in Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2013,34(1):1-11.
[6]姚泾利,邓秀芹,赵彦德,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组致密油特征[J].石油勘探与开发,2013,40(2):150-158.YAO Jingli,DENG Xiuqin,ZHAO Yande,et al.Characteristics of tight oil in Triassic Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2013,40(2):150-158.
[7]刘新,安飞,陈庆海,等.提高致密油藏原油采收率技术分析——以巴肯组致密油为例[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2016,35(6):164-169.LIU Xin,AN Fei,CHEN Qinghai,et al.Analyses of The EORtechniques for tight oil reservoirs:taking Bakken-Formation as an example[J].Petroleum Geology and Oilfield Development in Daqing,2016,35(6):164-169.
[8]黄大志,向丹.注水吞吐采油机理研究[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(5):39-40.HUANG Dazhi,XIANG Dan.Study of oil production mechanism by waterflood stimulation[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2004,11(5):39-40.
[9]王鹏志.注水吞吐开发低渗透裂缝油藏探讨[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(2):46-47.WANG Pengzhi.An approach of developing low permeability fractured reservoirs by cyclic water injection[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(2):46-47.
[10]郭秋麟,武娜,陈宁生,等.鄂尔多斯盆地延长组第7油层组致密油资源评价[J].石油学报,2017,38(6):658-665.GUO Qiulin,WU Na,CHEN Ningsheng,et al.An assessment of tight oil resource in 7th oil reservoirs of Yanchang Formation,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(6):658-665.
[11]朱如凯,吴松涛,苏玲,等.中国致密储层孔隙结构表征需注意的问题及未来发展方向[J].石油学报,2016,37(11):1323-1336.ZHU Rukai,WU Songtao,SU Ling,et al.Problems and future works of porous texture characterization of tight reservoirs in China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2016,37(11):1323-1336.
[12]TODD H B,EVANS J G.Improved oil recovery IOR pilot projects in the Bakken Formation[R].SPE180270,2016:1-22.
[13]程时清,汪洋,郎慧慧,等.致密油藏多级压裂水平井同井缝间注采可行性[J].石油学报,2017,38(12):1411-1419.CHENG Shiqing,WANG Yang,LANG Huihui,et al.Feasibility of inter-fracture injection and production for the same multistage fractured horizontal well in tight oil reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(12):1411-1419.
[14]姜鹏,郭和坤,李海波,等.低渗透率砂岩可动流体T2截止值实验研究[J].测井技术,2010,34(4):327-330.JIANG Peng,GUO Hekun,LI Haibo,et al.Experimental study on T2,cutoff in low permeability sandstones[J].Well Logging Technology,2010,34(4):327-330.
[15]雷启鸿,成良丙,王冲,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密储层可动流体分布特征[J].天然气地球科学,2017,28(1):26-31.LEI Qihong,CHENG Liangbing,WANG Chong,et al.A study on distribution features of movable fluids for Chang7 tight reservoir in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2017,28(1):26-31.
[16]屈雪峰,雷启鸿,高武彬,等.鄂尔多斯盆地长7致密油储层岩心渗吸试验[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2018,42(2):102-109.QU Xuefeng,LEI Qihong,GAO Wubin,et al.Experimental study on imbibition of Chang 7 tight oil cores in Erdos Basin[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2018,42(2):102-109.
[17]王为民,郭和坤,叶朝辉.利用核磁共振可动流体评价低渗透油田开发潜力[J].石油学报,2001,22(6):40-44.WANG Weimin,GUO Hekun,YE Chaohui.The evaluation of development potential in low permeability oilfield by the aid of NMR movable fluid detecting technology[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2001,22(6):40-44.
[18]李海波,郭和坤,刘强,等.致密油储层水驱油核磁共振实验研究[J].中南大学学报:自然科学版,2014,45(12):4370-4375.LI Haibo,GUO Hekun,LIU Qiang,et al.NMR experimental study of water displacing oil of tight oil reservoir[J].Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology,2014,45(12):4370-4375.
[19]程晓倩,刘华勋,熊伟,等.新疆低渗透砂砾岩油藏自发渗吸实验研究[J].科学技术与工程,2013,13(26):7793-7797.CHENG Xiaoqian,LIU Huaxun,XIONG wei,et al.Experimental research of spontaneous imbibition in low-permeability glutenite reservoir[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2013,13(26):7793-7797.
[20]韦青,李治平,白瑞婷,等.微观孔隙结构对致密砂岩渗吸影响的试验研究[J].石油钻探技术,2016,44(5):109-116.WEI Qing,LI Zhiping,BAI Ruiting,et al.An experimental study on the effect of microscopic pore structure on spontaneous imbibition in tight sandstones[J].Petroleum Drilling Techniques,2016,44(5):109-116.
[21]吴浩,张春林,纪友亮,等.致密砂岩孔喉大小表征及对储层物性的控制——以鄂尔多斯盆地陇东地区延长组为例[J].石油学报,2017,38(8):876-887.WU Hao,ZHANG Chunlin,JI Youliang,et al.Pore-throat size characterization of tight sandstone and its control on reservoir physical properties:a case study of Yanchang Formation,eastern Gansu,Ordos Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2017,38(8):876-887.
[22]朱维耀,鞠岩,赵明,等.低渗透裂缝性砂岩油藏多孔介质渗吸机理研究[J].石油学报,2002,23(6):56-59.ZHU Weiyao,JU Yan,ZHAO Ming,et al.Spontaneous imbibition mechanism of flow through porous media and waterflooding in low-permeability fractured sandstone reservoir[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2002,23(6):56-59.
[23]李雪,赵志红,荣军委.水力压裂裂缝微地震监测测试技术与应用[J].油气井测试,2012,21(3):43-45.LI Xue,ZHAO Zhihong,RONG Junwei.Microseismic monitoring technology of hydraulic fracture and its applications[J].Well Testing,2012,21(3):43-45.
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