准西北缘哈山地区复杂构造带火山岩储层发育特征及成因模式
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摘要
准噶尔盆地西北缘哈山地区属于山前复杂构造带,形成于陆缘岛弧环境的石炭系火山岩推覆体是该区重要的油气储集体。为分析复杂构造带火山岩储层发育特征及控制因素,利用大量露头、岩心、薄片、扫描电镜及成像测井等资料,对火山岩储集特征、影响因素及成储模式进行研究。结果表明:哈山地区石炭系火山岩主要由火山熔岩类的玄武岩、安山岩、玄武安山岩和火山碎屑岩类的火山角砾岩、凝灰岩2大类5种岩性组成;岩性和岩相是影响火山岩储层发育的内在因素,风化淋滤和构造作用是外在因素;储层成因包括岩相-断裂型和岩相-褶皱型2种类型;在推覆体的前翼和核部、断裂交汇处的风化壳、喷发旋回与期次界面处的火山角砾岩、凝灰岩、安山岩发育区是火山岩有利储层分布区。
The Hashan area in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin is a complex piedmont tectonic belt,in which the Carboniferous volcanic nappe forming in the continental margin island arc is an important oil and gas reservoir in this area.To understand the volcanic reservoir development characteristics and control factors in the complex tectonic belt,using a large number of outcrops,core,thin section,scanning electron microscopy and imaging logging analysis data,the characteristics of volcanic reservoir,influencing factors and accumulating model were studied.The results show that the carboniferous volcanic rock is mainly composed of 2 types and 5 kinds of lithology,including lava(basalt,andesite,and basaltic-andesite)and volcaniclastic rocks(volcanic breccia and tuff).Lithology and lithofacies are the internal factors influencing volcanic reservoirs development,while weathering and leaching and tectonism are the external factors.The genetic types of reservoirs include the lithofacies-fault type and the lithofacies-fold type.The volcanic breccia,tuff and andesite developing at the front wing and core of nappe,and weathering crust of faults intersection,and eruption cycle boundary are favorable distribution areas of volcanic reservoirs.
The Hashan area in the northwestern margin of Junggar Basin is a complex piedmont tectonic belt,in which the Carboniferous volcanic nappe forming in the continental margin island arc is an important oil and gas reservoir in this area.To understand the volcanic reservoir development characteristics and control factors in the complex tectonic belt,using a large number of outcrops,core,thin section,scanning electron microscopy and imaging logging analysis data,the characteristics of volcanic reservoir,influencing factors and accumulating model were studied.The results show that the carboniferous volcanic rock is mainly composed of 2 types and 5 kinds of lithology,including lava(basalt,andesite,and basaltic-andesite)and volcaniclastic rocks(volcanic breccia and tuff).Lithology and lithofacies are the internal factors influencing volcanic reservoirs development,while weathering and leaching and tectonism are the external factors.The genetic types of reservoirs include the lithofacies-fault type and the lithofacies-fold type.The volcanic breccia,tuff and andesite developing at the front wing and core of nappe,and weathering crust of faults intersection,and eruption cycle boundary are favorable distribution areas of volcanic reservoirs.
引文
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[2]董臣强.车排子地区火成岩油气成藏条件及勘探关键技术[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(2):45-50.DONG Chenqiang.Hydrocarbon accumulation conditions and key exploration technologies of igneous rock in the Chepaizi area[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(2):45-50.
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[7]张奎华,林会喜,张关龙,等.哈山构造带火山岩储层发育特征及控制因素[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2015,39(2):16-22.ZHANG Kuihua,LIN Huixi,ZHANG Guanlong,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of volcanic reservoirs of Hala’alate mountains tectonic belt[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2015,39(2):16-22.
[8]苗春欣,傅爱兵,关丽,等.车排子地区火山岩储集空间发育特征及有利区带预测[J].油气地质与采收率,2015,22(6):27-31.MIAO Chunxin,FU Aibing,GUAN Li,et al.Reservoir space characteristics and favorable area prediction of volcanic rocks in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Recovery Efficiency,2015,22(6):27-31.
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[19]侯连华,邹才能,刘磊,等.新疆北部石炭系火山岩风化壳油气地质条件[J].石油学报,2012,33(4):533-540.HOU Lianhua,ZOU Caineng,LIU Lei,et al.Geologic essential elements for hydrocarbon accumulation within Carboniferous volcanic weathered crusts in northern Xinjiang,China[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2012,33(4):533-540.
[20]梁舒艺,吴孔友,黄芸,等.准噶尔盆地西北缘石炭系风化壳特征及油气地质意义[J].特种油气藏,2018,25(2):56-59.LIANG Shuyi,WU Kongyou,HUANG Yun,et al.Weathering crust characterization and its hydrocarbon geology significance in the northwestern Junggar Basin[J].Special Oil&Gas Reservoirs,2018,25(2):56-59.
[21]宋明水,赵乐强,吴春文,等.准噶尔盆地车排子地区石炭系顶部风化壳结构及其控藏作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2016,37(3):313-321.SONG Mingshui,ZHAO Leqiang,WU Chunwen,et al.Structure and reservoir-controlling of top Carboniferous weathering crust in Chepaizi area,Junggar Basin[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2016,37(3):313-321.
[22]李果营,杨波,韩自军,等.渤海南部火山岩发育区断裂-岩浆联合控藏机理与勘探实践[J].中国石油勘探,2018,23(5):37-46.LI Guoying,YANG Bo,HAN Zijun,et al.Reservoir controlling mechanism by combined faulting-magmatic activities and exploration practice in the volcanic rock zone,South Bohai Sea[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2018,23(5):37-46.
[23]王京红,邹才能,靳久强,等.火成岩储集层裂缝特征及成缝控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发,2011,38(6):708-715.WANG Jinghong,ZOU Caineng,JIN Jiuqiang,et al.Characteristics and controlling factors of fractures in igneous rock reservoirs[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(6):708-715.