青海同德地区谷芒金钨矿矿床地质特征及成因分析
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摘要
谷芒金钨矿是西秦岭西段近年来新发现的一处矿点,位于同德-泽库印支期多金属成矿带内,成矿地质条件优越。结合区内地质找矿工作成果,在系统分析区域成矿地质背景、矿区地质特征、矿床地质特征的基础上,对矿床成因、找矿前景进行了研究。研究表明:矿床出露于兴海-泽库弧后前陆盆地内花岗闪长岩与碎屑岩内接触带上;矿体严格受北西向、北东向断层控制;金矿体主要赋存于构造蚀变带中,钨矿体则赋存于花岗闪长岩石英脉发育区;金矿成因类型为构造蚀变岩型,钨矿成因类型为高温热液裂隙充填型;对比分析认为,同德谷芒金钨矿与加吾金钨矿成矿均位于三叠系沉积地层与中酸性岩体接触部位,并受断裂破碎带严格控制,符合石英脉型钨矿"五层楼"成矿模型,深部具有寻找隐伏钨钼矿床的潜力;该区金矿床中金元素来源于广布的下-中三叠统含Au沉积建造,印支晚期中-酸性岩浆的侵入活动带来部分成矿物质并为地层中Au的活化、迁移、富集提供了热源和驱动力,成矿条件优越,具有寻找金矿的潜力。
The Gumang gold-tungsten deposit is a newly discovered ore spot in the west section of the Western Qinling,which is located in Indosinian polymetallic metallogenic belt of Tongde-Zeku,and characterized by superior metallogenic condition.Based on the related geological working results of the mining area,the regional metallogenic geological background,geological characteristics of mining area and deposit are discussed,besides that,the causes of ore deposit formation and the grade of prospecting potential are analyzed.The study results show that:the deposit is ocurred in the internal contact zone between granodiorite and clastic intrastate of the Xinghai-Zeku foreland basin;the orebody is strictly controlled by north-west striking and north-east striking faults;Gold deposit is discovered mainly in tectonic-alteration belts,and the tungsten deposit is discovered in the quartz vein area of granodiorite;The genetic type of gold deposit is tectonic-altered rock type Au deposit,and the tungsten deposit's genetic type is high-temperature filling deposit.Comparative analysis shows that both of the Gumang gold-tungsten deposit and Jiawu goldtungsten deposit are ocurred in the contact zone between granodiorite and Triassic sedimentary strata,and both controlled by fracture zone.It conforms to "five storeys"metallogenic model of the quartz vein type tungsten deposit.The Au elements in this area originate from the Au-bearing sedimentary formations of widespread lower middle Triassic.Intermediate-acid magma activity during the late Indocinian stage brought part of the ore-forming material,which provides heat source and driving force for the activation,migration and enrichment of Au in the formation.So the mineralization conditions are good and mineral prospecting potential is big.
The Gumang gold-tungsten deposit is a newly discovered ore spot in the west section of the Western Qinling,which is located in Indosinian polymetallic metallogenic belt of Tongde-Zeku,and characterized by superior metallogenic condition.Based on the related geological working results of the mining area,the regional metallogenic geological background,geological characteristics of mining area and deposit are discussed,besides that,the causes of ore deposit formation and the grade of prospecting potential are analyzed.The study results show that:the deposit is ocurred in the internal contact zone between granodiorite and clastic intrastate of the Xinghai-Zeku foreland basin;the orebody is strictly controlled by north-west striking and north-east striking faults;Gold deposit is discovered mainly in tectonic-alteration belts,and the tungsten deposit is discovered in the quartz vein area of granodiorite;The genetic type of gold deposit is tectonic-altered rock type Au deposit,and the tungsten deposit's genetic type is high-temperature filling deposit.Comparative analysis shows that both of the Gumang gold-tungsten deposit and Jiawu goldtungsten deposit are ocurred in the contact zone between granodiorite and Triassic sedimentary strata,and both controlled by fracture zone.It conforms to "five storeys"metallogenic model of the quartz vein type tungsten deposit.The Au elements in this area originate from the Au-bearing sedimentary formations of widespread lower middle Triassic.Intermediate-acid magma activity during the late Indocinian stage brought part of the ore-forming material,which provides heat source and driving force for the activation,migration and enrichment of Au in the formation.So the mineralization conditions are good and mineral prospecting potential is big.
引文
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[3]陈苏龙,马国栋,李玉莲,等.青海省泽库县瓦勒根金矿矿床地质特征及成因分析[J].西北地质,2015,48(4):168-175.CHEN Sulong,MA Guodong,LI Yulian,et al.Geological characteristic and origin analysis for Walegen gold deposit in Zeku county,Qinghai,China[J].Northwestern Geology,2015,48(4):168-175.
[4]王斌,张栋,路英川,等.青海加吾金矿床花岗斑岩脉锆石UPb年龄、Hf同位素特征及其地质意义[J].矿物岩石,2015,35(3):52-60.WANG Bin,ZHANG Dong,LU Yingchuan,et al.Characteristics and geological significances of zircon U-Pb ages,Hf isotope of granite-porphyry vein in Jiawu gold deposits,Qinghai province[J].Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology,2015,35(3):52-60.
[5]徐新文.满丈岗金矿地质、地球化学特征及成因探讨[J].西部探矿工程,2009,21(4):123-126.XU Xinwen.Discussion on the geological and geochemical characteristics and genesis of Manzhanggang gold deposit[J].West-China Exploration Engineering,2009,21(4):123-126.
[6]张骁富,刘晓璐,张凯.青海牧羊沟金矿矿床地质特征和成因[J].资源环境与工程,2017,31(2):149-153.ZHANG Xiaofu,LIU Xiaolu,ZHANG Kai.Geological characteristics and genesis of Muyanggou gold deposit in Qinghai province[J].Resources Environment&Engineering,2017,31(2):149-153.
[7]路英川,刘家军,张栋,等.西秦岭双朋西矽卡岩型金铜矿床花岗闪长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年、岩石成因和构造意义[J].岩石学报,2017,33(2):545-564.LU Yingchuan,LIU Jiajun,ZHANG Dong,et al.Zircon U-Pb LA-ICP-MS dating,petrogenesis and tectonic implication of the granodiorite at the Shuangpengxi skarn type gold-copper deposit,west Qinling[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2017,33(2):545-564.
[8]刘和甫.前陆盆地类型及褶皱-冲断层样式[J].地学前缘,1995,2(3-4):59-68.LIU Hepu.Classification of foreland basin and fold thrust style[J].Earth Science Frontiers,1995,2(3-4):59-68.
[9]袁二军,谢鑫,李学虎,等.青海加吾钨矿床金属矿物特征研究[J].中国矿业,2017,26(S2):270-275,287.YUAN Erjun,XIE Xin,LI Xuehu,et al.Study on the characteristics of Jiawu tungsten deposits in Qinghai province[J].China Mining Magazine,2017,26(S2):270-275,287.
[10]闫家盼,张文华,张艳春,等.青海加吾金矿带成矿条件及找矿远景浅析[J].黄金科学技术,2011,19(2):35-40.YAN Jiapan,ZHANG Wenhua,ZHANG Yanchun,et al.Metallogenic conditions and prospecting potential of Jiawu gold belt,Qinghai province[J].Gold Science and Technology,2011,19(2):35-40.
[11]范增平,王根祥,赵向红,等.青海省加吾金钨矿地质特征及钨成矿评价[J].矿物学报,2015,35(S1):475.FAN Zengping,WANG Genxiang,ZHAO Xianghong,et al.Geological characteristics and evaluation of tungsten mineralization of Jiaowu gold deposit in Qinghai province[J].Acta Mineralogica Sinica,2015,35(S1):475.
[12]韦龙明,田晗钰,袁琼.石英脉型钨矿“五层楼”模式的研究进展[J].中国钨业,2018,33(5):1-6.WEI Longming,TIAN Hanyu,YUAN Qiong.Research progress for the“five-storeyed model”of quartz vein type tungsten deposit[J].China Tungsten Industry,2018,33(5):1-6.