阳江核电站附近海域表层沉积物中γ放射性核素含量水平
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摘要
用HPGe-γ谱分析方法测定了阳江核电海域表层沉积物中238U、226Ra、210Pb、228Th、228Ra、40K、137Cs、134Cs、110mAg、58Co和60Co共11种核素的比活度,238U、226Ra、210Pb、228Th、228Ra、40K、137Cs等7种核素的放射性比活度范围分别为75.2~102.0、32.6~38.6、86.9~148、54.3~71.3、40.9~70.6、580~660和<0.16~3.82 Bq/kg干重,平均值分别为82.4±5.2、35.5±2.0、121.7±14、60.2±3.1、57.1±3.1、621±29和2.21±0.31 Bq/kg干重,134Cs、110mAg、58Co和60Co等4种核素的比活度均低于检测限。沉积物中226Ra/238U、210Pb/226Ra和228Th/228Ra比值的范围分别为0.35~0.48,2.63~4.17和0.96~1.36,平均值分别为0.43、3.43和1.06。结果显示,该海域表层沉积物中210Pb相对于226Ra过剩,226Ra相对于238U亏损,而228Th与228Ra基本平衡;沉积物中γ放射性核素含量水平与粒度分布、离岸距离无明显相关性。
Some radionuclides in surface marine sediments from Yangjiang nuclear power plant and its adjacent sea area were measured using HPGe γ spectrometer. The specific activities of238 U,226 Ra,210 Pb,228 Th,228 Ra,40 K and137 Cs were 75. 2 ~ 102. 0,32. 6 ~ 38. 6,86. 9 ~ 148,54. 3 ~ 71. 3,40. 9 ~ 70. 6,580 ~ 660 and < 0. 16 ~ 3. 82 Bq/kgDW,with the mean of 82. 4 ± 5. 2,35. 5 ± 2. 0,121. 7 ± 14,60. 2 ± 3. 1,57. 1 ± 3. 1,621 ± 29 and 2. 21 ± 0. 31 Bq/kgDW,respectively. The specific activities of134 Cs,110 mAg,58 Co and60 Co were below the limit of method. Ratio(226 Ra/238 U)and Ratio(210 Pb/226 Ra) were 0. 35 ~ 0. 48 and 2. 63 ~ 4. 17,with the mean of 0. 43 and 3. 43,respectively. It was shown that the uranium decay series was in disequilibrium in the surface sediments,where210 Pb relative of226 Ra were excess while226 Ra relative of238 U was deficient. The average value of Ratio(228 Th/228 Ra) was 1. 06,ranging from 0. 96 to1. 36. It was shown that228 Th and228 Ra was in equilibrium in the surface sediments. No obvious correlationship was found among the specific activities of radionuclides in sediments,the grain size characteristics and the offshore distance.
Some radionuclides in surface marine sediments from Yangjiang nuclear power plant and its adjacent sea area were measured using HPGe γ spectrometer. The specific activities of238 U,226 Ra,210 Pb,228 Th,228 Ra,40 K and137 Cs were 75. 2 ~ 102. 0,32. 6 ~ 38. 6,86. 9 ~ 148,54. 3 ~ 71. 3,40. 9 ~ 70. 6,580 ~ 660 and < 0. 16 ~ 3. 82 Bq/kgDW,with the mean of 82. 4 ± 5. 2,35. 5 ± 2. 0,121. 7 ± 14,60. 2 ± 3. 1,57. 1 ± 3. 1,621 ± 29 and 2. 21 ± 0. 31 Bq/kgDW,respectively. The specific activities of134 Cs,110 mAg,58 Co and60 Co were below the limit of method. Ratio(226 Ra/238 U)and Ratio(210 Pb/226 Ra) were 0. 35 ~ 0. 48 and 2. 63 ~ 4. 17,with the mean of 0. 43 and 3. 43,respectively. It was shown that the uranium decay series was in disequilibrium in the surface sediments,where210 Pb relative of226 Ra were excess while226 Ra relative of238 U was deficient. The average value of Ratio(228 Th/228 Ra) was 1. 06,ranging from 0. 96 to1. 36. It was shown that228 Th and228 Ra was in equilibrium in the surface sediments. No obvious correlationship was found among the specific activities of radionuclides in sediments,the grain size characteristics and the offshore distance.
引文
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[2]广东省海岛资源综合调查大队.阳江海区鱼卵和仔稚鱼[M]//广东省海岛资源综合调查大队,广东省海岸带和海涂资源综合调查领导小组办公室.阳江海区海岛资源综合调查报告.广州:广东科技出版社,1994:199-202.
[3]张俊彬,黄增岳.阳江东平核电站邻近海区鱼卵和仔鱼调查研究[J].热带海洋学报,2003,22(3):78-84.
[4]张晓峰,上官志洪,赵锋.阳江核电厂附近海域生物辐射影响评价研究[J].热带海洋学报,2009,28(6):35-40.
[5]邓飞,林清,周睿东,等.台山/阳江核电厂周围环境水中3H浓度调查[J].辐射防护通讯,2015,35(3):6-11.
[6]刘广山,陈敏,黄奕普,等.海洋沉积物岩心放射性核素的γ谱测定[J].厦门大学学报:自然科学版,2001,40(3):669-674.
[7]刘广山,徐茂泉,黄奕谱.厦门火烧屿裸露岩石的铀放射系不平衡[J].地球学报,2003,24(6):618-621.
[8]周鹏,徐茂泉,刘广山.福建牛头山火山口岩石中的放射性核素[J].地球学报,2005,26(增刊):224-227.
[9]陈锦芳,刘广山,黄奕普.厦门潮间带表层沉积物天然放射系不平衡研究[J].台湾海峡,2005,24(3):274-282.
[10]袁镛龄,沈泓,赵士庵,等.阳江天然放射性高本底地区剂量调查的新进展[J].中华放射医学与防护杂志,1995,15(5):311-316.
[11]全国环境天然放射性水平调查总结报告编写小组.全国环境天然贯穿辐射水平调查研究(1983-1990年)[J].辐射防护,1992,12(2):96-121.
[12]OMORI Y,TOKONAMI S,ISHIKAWA T,et al.A pilot study for dose evaluation in high-level natural radiation areas of Yangjiang,China[J].Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry,2015,306(1):317-323.
[13]国家海洋局.HY T 003.8-1991,海洋环境监测规范放射性核素测定[S].北京:海洋出版社,1991:529-531.
[14]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检疫总局.GB/T 12763.8-2007,海洋调查规范第8部分:海洋地质地球物理调查[S].北京:中国标准出版社:2008:7-9.
[15]刘广山,黄奕普,李静,等.不平衡铀系和钍系核素的γ谱测定[J].海洋学报,2003,25(5):65-75.
[16]赵峰,吴梅桂,周鹏,等.黄茅海-广海湾及其邻近海域表层沉积物中γ放射性核素含量水平[J].热带海洋学报,2015,34(4):77-82.
[17]ZHOU P,LI D M,LI H T,et al.Distribution of radionuclides in a marine sediment core off the waterspout of the nuclear power plants in Daya Bay,northeastern South China Sea[J].Journal of Environmental Radioactivity,2015,145:102-112.
[18]陈敏,黄奕普,林永革,等.中国近岸海域沉积物226Ra的分布特征[J].海洋学报,1997,19(6):84-93.
[19]贾成霞,刘广山,徐茂泉,等.胶州湾表层沉积物放射性核素含量与矿物组成[J].海洋与湖沼,2003,34(5):490-498.
[20]赵一阳.中国渤海沉积物中铀的地球化学[J].地球化学,1980(1):101-105.
[21]刘广山,黄奕普,陈敏,等.南海东北部表层沉积物天然放射性核素与137Cs[J].海洋学报,2001,23(6):76-84.
[22]李树庆,吴复寿,祝汉民,等.渤黄海沿岸海域放射性水平及卫生评价[M]//李树庆,祝汉民,吴复寿,等.中国近海放射性水平.北京:海洋出版社,1987:1-14.
[23]刘广山,周彩芸.大亚湾海洋生态环境放射性水平研究[M]//侯秉政.中国青年学者论环境.北京:中国环境科学出版社,1996:800-804.
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