巴西“3·21”大停电事故分析及对中国电网的启示
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摘要
2018年3月21日,因断路器过载保护动作后的一系列连锁反应,巴西电网发生大面积停电事故,北部和东北部电力系统与主网解列,导致北部和东北部14个州大面积停电,南部、东南部、中西部9个州也受到一定影响。文中介绍了事故前巴西电网的运行状况及事故的起因、经过、恢复等情况,指出事故前缺乏必要的稳定性分析、安控存在缺陷、保护误动作及"第三道防线"配置不合理是造成事故的主要原因,并结合中国电网实际,提出了重视保护及安控装置的整定与运行维护等保障电网安全稳定运行、防止大停电事故发生的建议。
On March 21,2018,a large-area blackout occurred in Brazilian power grid because of a series of chain reactions caused by a circuit breaker overload protection.As sequence,the northern and northeastern power grids were disconnected from the main power grid in Brazil,14 states in north and northeast area came to blackout,and 9states in south,southeast and midwest area were also affected.The operation status of Brazilian power grid before the accident and the cause,process and recovery of the blackout are introduced.It is pointed out that the main causes of the accident are the lack of necessary stability analysis before the accident,the defects in security control,the misoperation of protection and the unreasonable configuration of the third line of defense.Combined with the actual situation of power grid in China,some recommendations are put forward to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid and to prevent blackouts.For example,attention should be paid to the setting and operation of protection and control devices.
On March 21,2018,a large-area blackout occurred in Brazilian power grid because of a series of chain reactions caused by a circuit breaker overload protection.As sequence,the northern and northeastern power grids were disconnected from the main power grid in Brazil,14 states in north and northeast area came to blackout,and 9states in south,southeast and midwest area were also affected.The operation status of Brazilian power grid before the accident and the cause,process and recovery of the blackout are introduced.It is pointed out that the main causes of the accident are the lack of necessary stability analysis before the accident,the defects in security control,the misoperation of protection and the unreasonable configuration of the third line of defense.Combined with the actual situation of power grid in China,some recommendations are put forward to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power grid and to prevent blackouts.For example,attention should be paid to the setting and operation of protection and control devices.
引文
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[3]何大愚.一年以后对美加“8.14”大停电事故的反思[J].电网技术,2004,28(21):1-5.HE Dayu.Rethinking over“8.14”US-Canada blackout after one year[J].Power System Technology,2004,28(21):1-5.
[4]高翔,庄侃沁,孙勇.西欧电网“11.4”大停电事故的启示[J].电网技术,2007,31(1):25-31.GAO Xiang,ZHUANG Kanqin,SUN Yong.Lessons and enlightenment from blackout occurred in UCTE grid on November 4,2006[J].Power System Technology,2007,31(1):25-31.
[5]李春艳,孙元章,陈向宜,等.西欧“11.4”大停电事故的初步分析及防止我国大面积停电事故的措施[J].电网技术,2006,30(24):16-21.LI Chunyan,SUN Yuanzhang,CHEN Xiangyi,et al.Preliminary analysis of large scale blackout in Western Europe Power Grid on November 4and measures to prevent large scale blackout in China[J].Power System Technology,2006,30(24):16-21.
[6]李春艳,陈洲,肖孟金,等.西欧“11.4”大停电分析及对华中电网的启示[J].高电压技术,2008,34(1):163-167.LI Chunyan,CHEN Zhou,XIAO Mengjin,et al.Analysis of large scale blackout in Western Europe Power Grid on November 4and relevant suggestion to Central China Power Grid[J].High Voltage Engineering,2008,34(1):163-167.
[7]林伟芳,孙华东,汤涌,等.巴西“11·10”大停电事故分析及启示[J].电力系统自动化,2010,34(7):1-5.LIN Weifang,SUN Huadong,TANG Yong,et al.Analysis and lessons of the blackout in Brazil power grid on November 10,2009[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2010,34(7):1-5.
[8]吴小辰,周保荣,柳勇军,等.巴西2009年11月10日大停电原因分析及对中国电网启示[J].中国电力,2010,43(11):5-9.WU Xiaochen,ZHOU Baorong,LIU Yongjun,et al.Analysis of Brazilian blackout on November 10,2009and revelations to security for China’s power grid[J].Electric Power,2010,43(11):5-9.
[9]林伟芳,汤涌,孙华东,等.巴西“2·4”大停电事故及对电网安全稳定运行的启示[J].电力系统自动化,2011,35(9):1-5.LIN Weifang,TANG Yong,SUN Huadong,et al.Blackout in Brazil power grid on February 4,2011and inspirations for stable operation of power grid[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2011,35(9):1-5.
[10]汤涌,卜广全,易俊.印度“7.30”、“7.31”大停电事故分析及启示[J].中国电机工程学报,2012,32(25):167-174.TANG Yong,BU Guangquan,YI Jun.Analysis and lessons of the blackout in Indian power grid on July 30and 31,2012[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2012,32(25):167-174.
[11]何大愚.印度电力建设及其特高压交直流输电规划[J].中国电力,2008,41(2):65-68.HE Dayu.Review on India’s electric power construction and planning of UHVDC&UHVAC transmissions[J].Electric Power,2008,41(2):65-68.