新型城市污泥固化土工程特性及微观机理
|
摘要
通过污泥固化技术可以将城市污泥转化为一种新型城市污泥固化土。为了研究污泥固化土工程特性,对新型城市污泥固化土进行无侧限强度试验、收缩特性试验、浸出毒性试验以及X射线衍射试验与微观结构测试。试验结果表明,城市污泥固化土无侧限抗压强度随期龄增加而增长,28 d后基本稳定;新型城市污泥固化土的线缩率随龄期的增大而增大,且28 d后趋于稳定值;与消化后城市污泥相比,城市污泥固化土中的浸出毒性明显减少,重金属浸出量均符合国家规范要求。消化城市污泥衍射峰中氢氧化钙峰值很高,但随着养护期龄的增长,城市污泥固化土中氢氧化钙的衍射峰值减小,碳酸钙的衍射峰值增大,说明固化土各成分反应越充分,强度越高。微结构测试研究表明,污泥固化土SEM图像中有大量的纤维状物质联结着土颗粒和颗粒团块,形成土骨架纤维的交互空间结构,提高了土体强度。
Through the sludge solidification technology, the municipal sludge is transformed into a new type of municipal sludge solidified soil. In order to study the engineering properties of the sludge solidified soil, the unconfined strength test, shrinkage test, leaching toxicity test and microstructure test are carried out on the new type of municipal sewage sludge solidified soil. The test results show that the unconfined compressive strength of urban sludge solidified soil increases with the aging period, and basically stable after 28 days. The linear shrinkage of new city sludge solidified soil increases with age, and 28 days later tend to a stable value; compared with city sludge solidified soil after digestion, the leaching toxicity of city sludge solidification in soil decreased, the leaching amount of heavy metals are in line with the requirements of national standard. The peak of calcium hydroxide in the urban sludge after lime digestion diffraction peak is very high; but with the increase of curing age, the diffraction peak of calcium hydroxide in the city sludge solidified soil decreased; the diffraction peak of calcium carbonate increased. Microstructure studies show that there is a large number of fibrous material associated with soil particles and agglomerates of particles of city sludge solidified soil in SEM images, interactive spatial structure of soil skeleton fiber, which improves the strength of the soil.
Through the sludge solidification technology, the municipal sludge is transformed into a new type of municipal sludge solidified soil. In order to study the engineering properties of the sludge solidified soil, the unconfined strength test, shrinkage test, leaching toxicity test and microstructure test are carried out on the new type of municipal sewage sludge solidified soil. The test results show that the unconfined compressive strength of urban sludge solidified soil increases with the aging period, and basically stable after 28 days. The linear shrinkage of new city sludge solidified soil increases with age, and 28 days later tend to a stable value; compared with city sludge solidified soil after digestion, the leaching toxicity of city sludge solidification in soil decreased, the leaching amount of heavy metals are in line with the requirements of national standard. The peak of calcium hydroxide in the urban sludge after lime digestion diffraction peak is very high; but with the increase of curing age, the diffraction peak of calcium hydroxide in the city sludge solidified soil decreased; the diffraction peak of calcium carbonate increased. Microstructure studies show that there is a large number of fibrous material associated with soil particles and agglomerates of particles of city sludge solidified soil in SEM images, interactive spatial structure of soil skeleton fiber, which improves the strength of the soil.
引文
[1]QIAN G,CAO Y CHUI P,et al.Utilization of MSWI fly ash for stabilization/solidification of industrial waste sludge[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2006,129(1):274-281.
[2]李紫叶.污泥固化剂的优化配制及其对污泥固化效果研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Zi-ye.Study of optimized distribution of sludge curing agent and solidification effect of sludge[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[3]C?TêP L,CONSTABLE T W,MOREIRA A.An evaluation of cement-based waste forms using the results of approximately two years of dynamic leaching[J].Nuclear and Chemical Waste Management,1987,7(2):129-139.
[4]POON C S,LIO K W.The limitation of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure for evaluating cement-based stabilised/solidified waste forms[J].Waste Management,1997,17(1):15-23.
[5]ZHEN G,LU X,CHENG X,et al.Hydration process of the aluminate 12Ca O7Al2O3-assisted Portland cementbased solidification/stabilization of sewage sludge[J].Construction and Building Materials,2012,30:675-675.
[6]车承丹,朱南文,李艳林,等.城市污水处理厂污泥固化处理技术研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(3):56-59.CHE Cheng-dan,ZHU Nan-wen,LI Yan-lin,et al.New technology for solidifying sewage sludge[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2008,8(3):56-59.
[7]胡聚豪.城市污泥固化技术及影响因素的试验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2013.HU Ju-hao.The experimental study on solidification technology of municipal sludge and influence factors[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Technology,2013.
[8]范公俊.固化淤泥的收缩性质及其控制措施研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.FAN Gong-jun.Study on the shrinkage property and shrinkage control of solidified dredged material[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2007.
[9]王振军,翁优灵,杜少文.矿渣粉加固粉土的理论分析及路用性能研究[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(5):709-714.WANG Zhen-jun,WENG You-ling,DU Shao-wen.Theoretical analysis and field performance of silt soil reinforced with slag powder[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2006,14(5):709-714.
[10]朱伟,林城,李磊,等.以膨润土为辅助添加剂固化/稳定化污泥的试验研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(5):1020-1025.ZHU Wei,LIN Cheng,LI Lei,et al.Solidification/stabilization(S/S)of sludge using calcium-bentonite as additive[J].Environmental Science,2007,28(5):1020-1025.
[11]林城.以膨润土为辅助添加剂固化/稳定化污泥的试验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.LIN Cheng.Solidification/stabilization(S/S)of sludge using calcium-bentonite as additive[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2007.
[12]KATSIOTI M,KATSIOTIS N,ROUNI G,et al.The effect of bentonite/cement mortar for the stabilization/solidification of sewage sludge containing heavy metals[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2008,30(10):1013-1019.
[13]CHEILAS A,KATSIOTI M,GEORGIADES A,et al.Impact of hardening conditions on to stabilized/solidified products of cement–sewage sludge–jarosite/alunite[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2007,29(4):263-269.
[14]姜明杰.海泡石强化水泥固化/稳定化污泥的机理研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.JIANG Ming-jie.The study on the mechanism of sepiolite enhancing cement-based solidification/stabilization of sludge[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2013.
[15]曹永华.市政污泥的固化填埋处理研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005.CAO Yong-hua.Study on solidification and landfill of wastewater sludge[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2005.
[16]曹永华,闫澍旺,赵乐军.固化污泥的工程性质及微观结构特征[J].岩土力学,2006,27(5):740-744.CAO Yong-hua,YAN Su-wang,ZHAO Le-jun.Engineering properties and microstructure feature of solidified sludge[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(5):740-744.
[17]薛飞,易进翔,徐菲.固化污泥的压实特性及微观机理研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(31):90-94,118.XUE Fei,YI Jin-xiang,XU Fei.Study on compaction characteristics and micromechanism of solidified sludge[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(31):90-94,118.
[18]杨家宽,杨晓,李亚林.基于骨架构建体污泥脱水及其固化土工性能研究[J].武汉科技大学学报,2012,35(2):133-136.YANG Jia-kuan,YANG Xiao,LI Ya-lin.Dewatering of sewage sludge with skeleton builder and engineering properties of dewatered sludge[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2012,35(2):133-136.
[19]黄雨,周子舟,柏炯,等.水泥土搅拌法加固冲填土软土地基的微观试验[J].同济大学学报,2010,38(7):997-1001.HUANG Yu,ZHOU Zi-zhou,BAI Jiong,et al.Micro-experiments in cement-mixed soils on a dredger fill of soft ground[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010,38(7):997-1001.
[20]黄雨,周子舟,柏炯,等.石膏添加剂对水泥土搅拌法加固软土地基效果影响的微观试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1179-1183.HUANG Yu,ZHOU Zi-zhou,BAI Jiong,et al.Micro-experiments on a soft ground improved by cement-mixed soils with gypsum additive[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1179-1183.
[21]马冬梅.可溶盐对水泥土强度影响的微观分析[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(4):16-21.MA Dong-mei.Microstructural analysis of influence of soluble ions on strength of cemented soil[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2008,25(4):16-21.
[22]VANDEPERRE L J,Al-TABBAA A.Accelerated carbonation of reactive magnesia cements[J].Advances in Cement Research,2007,19(2):67-79.
[23]ONITSUKA K,MODMOLTIN C,KOUNO M.Investigation on microstructure and strength of lime and cement stabilized Ariake Clay[J].Reports of the Faculty of Science&Engineering Saga University,2001,30(1):49-63.
[24]PEETHAMPARAN S,OLEK J,LOVELL J.Influence of chemical and physical characteristics of cement kiln dusts(CKDs)on their hydration behavior and potential suitability for soil stabilization[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2008,38:803-815
[25]杨爱武,胡垚,王瑫,等.污泥固化剂及其应用、污泥固化土[P].中国,CN106277663A.2017-01-04.YANG Ai-wu,HU Yao,Wang Tao,et al.Sludge curing agent and its application,sludge solidified soil[P].China:CN106277663A.2017-01-04.
[26]国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB5085.3–2007危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007.General Administration of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China,General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.GB 5085.3–2007 Identification standards for hazardous wastes Identification for extraction toxicity[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2007.
[2]李紫叶.污泥固化剂的优化配制及其对污泥固化效果研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2013.LI Zi-ye.Study of optimized distribution of sludge curing agent and solidification effect of sludge[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2013.
[3]C?TêP L,CONSTABLE T W,MOREIRA A.An evaluation of cement-based waste forms using the results of approximately two years of dynamic leaching[J].Nuclear and Chemical Waste Management,1987,7(2):129-139.
[4]POON C S,LIO K W.The limitation of the toxicity characteristic leaching procedure for evaluating cement-based stabilised/solidified waste forms[J].Waste Management,1997,17(1):15-23.
[5]ZHEN G,LU X,CHENG X,et al.Hydration process of the aluminate 12Ca O7Al2O3-assisted Portland cementbased solidification/stabilization of sewage sludge[J].Construction and Building Materials,2012,30:675-675.
[6]车承丹,朱南文,李艳林,等.城市污水处理厂污泥固化处理技术研究[J].安全与环境学报,2008,8(3):56-59.CHE Cheng-dan,ZHU Nan-wen,LI Yan-lin,et al.New technology for solidifying sewage sludge[J].Journal of Safety and Environment,2008,8(3):56-59.
[7]胡聚豪.城市污泥固化技术及影响因素的试验研究[D].杭州:浙江工业大学,2013.HU Ju-hao.The experimental study on solidification technology of municipal sludge and influence factors[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University of Technology,2013.
[8]范公俊.固化淤泥的收缩性质及其控制措施研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.FAN Gong-jun.Study on the shrinkage property and shrinkage control of solidified dredged material[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2007.
[9]王振军,翁优灵,杜少文.矿渣粉加固粉土的理论分析及路用性能研究[J].工程地质学报,2006,14(5):709-714.WANG Zhen-jun,WENG You-ling,DU Shao-wen.Theoretical analysis and field performance of silt soil reinforced with slag powder[J].Journal of Engineering Geology,2006,14(5):709-714.
[10]朱伟,林城,李磊,等.以膨润土为辅助添加剂固化/稳定化污泥的试验研究[J].环境科学,2007,28(5):1020-1025.ZHU Wei,LIN Cheng,LI Lei,et al.Solidification/stabilization(S/S)of sludge using calcium-bentonite as additive[J].Environmental Science,2007,28(5):1020-1025.
[11]林城.以膨润土为辅助添加剂固化/稳定化污泥的试验研究[D].南京:河海大学,2007.LIN Cheng.Solidification/stabilization(S/S)of sludge using calcium-bentonite as additive[D].Nanjing:Hohai University,2007.
[12]KATSIOTI M,KATSIOTIS N,ROUNI G,et al.The effect of bentonite/cement mortar for the stabilization/solidification of sewage sludge containing heavy metals[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2008,30(10):1013-1019.
[13]CHEILAS A,KATSIOTI M,GEORGIADES A,et al.Impact of hardening conditions on to stabilized/solidified products of cement–sewage sludge–jarosite/alunite[J].Cement&Concrete Composites,2007,29(4):263-269.
[14]姜明杰.海泡石强化水泥固化/稳定化污泥的机理研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2013.JIANG Ming-jie.The study on the mechanism of sepiolite enhancing cement-based solidification/stabilization of sludge[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2013.
[15]曹永华.市政污泥的固化填埋处理研究[D].天津:天津大学,2005.CAO Yong-hua.Study on solidification and landfill of wastewater sludge[D].Tianjin:Tianjin University,2005.
[16]曹永华,闫澍旺,赵乐军.固化污泥的工程性质及微观结构特征[J].岩土力学,2006,27(5):740-744.CAO Yong-hua,YAN Su-wang,ZHAO Le-jun.Engineering properties and microstructure feature of solidified sludge[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,27(5):740-744.
[17]薛飞,易进翔,徐菲.固化污泥的压实特性及微观机理研究[J].科学技术与工程,2014,14(31):90-94,118.XUE Fei,YI Jin-xiang,XU Fei.Study on compaction characteristics and micromechanism of solidified sludge[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2014,14(31):90-94,118.
[18]杨家宽,杨晓,李亚林.基于骨架构建体污泥脱水及其固化土工性能研究[J].武汉科技大学学报,2012,35(2):133-136.YANG Jia-kuan,YANG Xiao,LI Ya-lin.Dewatering of sewage sludge with skeleton builder and engineering properties of dewatered sludge[J].Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology,2012,35(2):133-136.
[19]黄雨,周子舟,柏炯,等.水泥土搅拌法加固冲填土软土地基的微观试验[J].同济大学学报,2010,38(7):997-1001.HUANG Yu,ZHOU Zi-zhou,BAI Jiong,et al.Micro-experiments in cement-mixed soils on a dredger fill of soft ground[J].Journal of Tongji University(Natural Science),2010,38(7):997-1001.
[20]黄雨,周子舟,柏炯,等.石膏添加剂对水泥土搅拌法加固软土地基效果影响的微观试验分析[J].岩土工程学报,2010,32(8):1179-1183.HUANG Yu,ZHOU Zi-zhou,BAI Jiong,et al.Micro-experiments on a soft ground improved by cement-mixed soils with gypsum additive[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2010,32(8):1179-1183.
[21]马冬梅.可溶盐对水泥土强度影响的微观分析[J].公路交通科技,2008,25(4):16-21.MA Dong-mei.Microstructural analysis of influence of soluble ions on strength of cemented soil[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2008,25(4):16-21.
[22]VANDEPERRE L J,Al-TABBAA A.Accelerated carbonation of reactive magnesia cements[J].Advances in Cement Research,2007,19(2):67-79.
[23]ONITSUKA K,MODMOLTIN C,KOUNO M.Investigation on microstructure and strength of lime and cement stabilized Ariake Clay[J].Reports of the Faculty of Science&Engineering Saga University,2001,30(1):49-63.
[24]PEETHAMPARAN S,OLEK J,LOVELL J.Influence of chemical and physical characteristics of cement kiln dusts(CKDs)on their hydration behavior and potential suitability for soil stabilization[J].Cement and Concrete Research,2008,38:803-815
[25]杨爱武,胡垚,王瑫,等.污泥固化剂及其应用、污泥固化土[P].中国,CN106277663A.2017-01-04.YANG Ai-wu,HU Yao,Wang Tao,et al.Sludge curing agent and its application,sludge solidified soil[P].China:CN106277663A.2017-01-04.
[26]国家环境保护总局,国家质量监督检验检疫总局.GB5085.3–2007危险废物鉴别标准浸出毒性鉴别[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2007.General Administration of Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China,General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China.GB 5085.3–2007 Identification standards for hazardous wastes Identification for extraction toxicity[S].Beijing:China Environmental Science Press,2007.