广东省清远市清新区华支睾吸虫和土源性线虫感染监测结果分析
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摘要
为了解广东省清远市清新区华支睾吸虫和土源性线虫感染状况及影响因素,于2018年10-12月开展监测工作,采集监测对象粪样,采用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪二检)检查华支睾吸虫、钩虫、蛔虫和鞭虫感染情况;钩虫卵阳性者再以试管滤纸培养法进行粪样钩蚴培养; 3～9周岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。结果显示,共监测1 254名居民,华支睾吸虫感染30例,标化感染率为2.3%;土源性线虫感染36例,标化感染率为2.7%,其中钩虫、鞭虫、蛔虫、蛲虫标化感染率分别为0.3%、 0.2%、 0.5%、 1.9%。该监测点男性华支睾吸虫病感染率为3.0%(22/747),高于女性的1.6%(8/507)(P> 0.05);不同职业、年龄和文化程度人群华支睾吸虫感染率分别以农民、≥60岁、小学及以下人群最高,为7.9%(10/126)、 4.2%(11/260)、 3.6%(14/386)。华支睾吸虫感染与是否吃"鱼生"或吃"鱼生粥"行为因素存在正相关关系(P <0.01)。该监测点男性土源性线虫感染率为3.2%(24/747),高于女性的2.4%(12/507)(P> 0.05);不同职业、年龄和文化程度人群土源性线虫感染率分别以幼托儿童、 3～9岁、小学及以下人群最高,为11.4%(23/201)、 9.5%(24/252)和8.6%(33/386)。土源性线虫感染与是否饭前便后洗手之间行为因素存在正相关关系(P <0.01)。提示该监测点的华支睾吸虫病防控重点目标人群为低文化程度、高年龄人群,土源性线虫病防控重点目标人群为低年龄、低文化程度人群。
To understand the infection status and infection risks of Clonorchiasis sinensis and soil-transmitted nematodes(STNs) in population in Qingxin district of Qingyuan city, Guangdong Province, a survey was performed in this area from October to December, 2018. Fecal samples were collected from people living in this area and the eggs of C. sinensis, hookworm, roundworm and whipworm in the collected feces were examined under microscope in duplicate using modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. The larvae were cultured from hookworm egg positive feces using filter tube method to determine hookworm species. A transparent adhesive tape test around anus was used to examine pinworm eggs for children with 3-9 years old. Total 1 254 residents were participated in this survey and30 of them were infected with C. sinensis(2.3%), 36 infected with STNs(2.7%). Among them, the infection rate for hookworm was 0.3%, whipworm 0.2%, roundworm 0.5% and pinworm of 1.9%. The infection rate of C. sinensis in male people(3.0%, 22/747) was higher than that in female(1.6%, 8/507), however, the difference was not statistically different( P > 0.05). With respect to the different occupations, age and education related to the infection of C. sinensis, people with farmer as occupation(7.9%, 10/126), age over 60(4.2%, 11/260)( P < 0.01) and education lower than elementary school(3.6%, 14/386)(P < 0.01) had the highest infection rates. The risk for infection of C. sinensis was positively correlated with the eating habit with raw fish or fish porridge( P < 0.01). The STN infections in male was 3.2%(24/747), which was higher than that in female(2.4%, 12/507), but without sig-nificance(P > 0.05). The highest STN infection rates happened in pre-school children(11.4%, 23/201), children with age 3-9 years old(9.5%, 24/252) and people with education lower than elementary school(8.6%, 33/386).The risk for STN infections was positively correlated to the lack of washing hands before eating and after pooping(P < 0.01). This survey results suggested that prevention and control of C. sinensis infection should focus on the intervention of the people with low education level and elder population. More intervention measures of prevention and control of STN infection should focus on the children and people with low education.
To understand the infection status and infection risks of Clonorchiasis sinensis and soil-transmitted nematodes(STNs) in population in Qingxin district of Qingyuan city, Guangdong Province, a survey was performed in this area from October to December, 2018. Fecal samples were collected from people living in this area and the eggs of C. sinensis, hookworm, roundworm and whipworm in the collected feces were examined under microscope in duplicate using modified Kato-Katz thick smear method. The larvae were cultured from hookworm egg positive feces using filter tube method to determine hookworm species. A transparent adhesive tape test around anus was used to examine pinworm eggs for children with 3-9 years old. Total 1 254 residents were participated in this survey and30 of them were infected with C. sinensis(2.3%), 36 infected with STNs(2.7%). Among them, the infection rate for hookworm was 0.3%, whipworm 0.2%, roundworm 0.5% and pinworm of 1.9%. The infection rate of C. sinensis in male people(3.0%, 22/747) was higher than that in female(1.6%, 8/507), however, the difference was not statistically different( P > 0.05). With respect to the different occupations, age and education related to the infection of C. sinensis, people with farmer as occupation(7.9%, 10/126), age over 60(4.2%, 11/260)( P < 0.01) and education lower than elementary school(3.6%, 14/386)(P < 0.01) had the highest infection rates. The risk for infection of C. sinensis was positively correlated with the eating habit with raw fish or fish porridge( P < 0.01). The STN infections in male was 3.2%(24/747), which was higher than that in female(2.4%, 12/507), but without sig-nificance(P > 0.05). The highest STN infection rates happened in pre-school children(11.4%, 23/201), children with age 3-9 years old(9.5%, 24/252) and people with education lower than elementary school(8.6%, 33/386).The risk for STN infections was positively correlated to the lack of washing hands before eating and after pooping(P < 0.01). This survey results suggested that prevention and control of C. sinensis infection should focus on the intervention of the people with low education level and elder population. More intervention measures of prevention and control of STN infection should focus on the children and people with low education.
引文
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[2]李燕榕,谢汉国,张榕燕,等.福建省3次人体寄生虫病感染调查[J].中国热带医学,2019,19(1):10-13.
[3]李雍龙.人体寄生虫学[M]. 7版.北京:人民卫生出版社,2010:168-173.
[4]周晓农,陈家旭,汪天平,等.土源性线虫病[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2011:1.
[5]杨普贤,黎杏如,范秀红.广东省清远市华支睾吸虫门诊病例流行病学特征[J].中国热带医学,2018,18(11):1160-1161,1171.
[6]王曼,罗乐,李雷,等.中山市居民华支睾吸虫感染情况及影响因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(11):1189-1191.
[7]李钦鉴,谢文波,李群飞.广东省五华县居民华支睾吸虫感染现状及相关危险因素研究[J].实用医学杂志,2018,34(13):2251-2254.
[8]汪丽波,吴方伟,杜尊伟,等.云南省人群土源性线虫感染现状调查[J].中国病原生物学杂志,2015,10(7):634-637,658.
[9]朱爱娅,杜坤,李安梅,等. 2011-2015年贵州省土源性线虫感染监测结果分析[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2017,35(10):445-449,455.
[10]罗卫强,张雪亮,周志珊,等.广东省清新区农村中小学生蛔虫感染的流行病学分析[J].中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志,2018,36(12):676-678.
[11]金伟,郭见多,张世清,等.安徽省土源性线虫病流行特征及相关因素分析[J].中华疾病控制杂志,2018,22(10):1041-1045.