苏州老城区房屋现状及其地震应急救援分析
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摘要
苏州是我国最具代表性的历史文化名城之一,虽历经城市改造和时代变迁,但在老城区仍保留了相当数量的老旧民房,它们的抗震性能普遍较差,一旦遭遇破坏性地震,后果可能极为严重。本文结合苏州历史地震背景和对苏州老城区房屋现场调查的资料,主要以直管公房为研究对象,按其建筑结构类型进行抗震性能分析和讨论,结合老城区的街区特点,指出苏州老城区可能遭遇的地震灾害特点及应急救援方面的问题,并提出了一些对策和建议。希望通过对苏州老城区地震灾害及应急救援问题的探讨,引起各地对历史文化名城防震减灾及古迹保护的重视。
Suzhou is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. Although it has undergone the urban transformation and the changes of the times, there are still a considerable number of old houses in the old town, and their seismic performance is generally poor. Once the destructive earthquake is encountered, the consequences may be extremely serious. According to the historical earthquake background of Suzhou and site investigation(mainly for public houses) in old town, we analyzed and discussed the seismic performance of buildings with different structure types. Considering the characteristics of the old town, there may be some problems when encounter the earthquake disaster or the circumstances of emergency rescue. Therefore, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions. It is hoped that the study of earthquake disaster and emergency rescue in the old town of Suzhou will attract attention to earthquake prevention, disaster reduction and historic site protection in historical and cultural cities.
Suzhou is one of the famous historical and cultural cities in China. Although it has undergone the urban transformation and the changes of the times, there are still a considerable number of old houses in the old town, and their seismic performance is generally poor. Once the destructive earthquake is encountered, the consequences may be extremely serious. According to the historical earthquake background of Suzhou and site investigation(mainly for public houses) in old town, we analyzed and discussed the seismic performance of buildings with different structure types. Considering the characteristics of the old town, there may be some problems when encounter the earthquake disaster or the circumstances of emergency rescue. Therefore, we put forward some countermeasures and suggestions. It is hoped that the study of earthquake disaster and emergency rescue in the old town of Suzhou will attract attention to earthquake prevention, disaster reduction and historic site protection in historical and cultural cities.
引文
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江苏省地震局,江苏省地震史料工作小组,1980.江苏地震历史资料汇编.南京:江苏省地震局.
江苏省地震局现场震害评估组,1990.常熟-太仓地震震害评估和经济损失分析.地震学刊,(4):70-77.
江苏省地震局震害调查组,1990.常熟-太仓5.1级地震农村住宅的震害总结.地震学刊,(4):78-81.
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沈伟东,2008.苏州:改革开放初唯一被列为全面保护的古城.(2008-07-03).http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/85037/85039/7463892.html.
苏州发布,2014.明年起苏州将上调城区直管公房的租金标准.(2014-11-26).http://suzhou.bendibao.com/news/20141126/48970.shtm.
苏州广电总台,2017.截止2016年12月底苏州全市实有人口1375万.(2017-01-11).http://bendi.news.163.com/jiangsu/17/0111/09/CAG50QE704248E8R.html.
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苏州市旅游局,2017.2017年国庆长假苏州旅游“成绩单”.(2017-10-10).http://www.sztravel.gov.cn/news-detail.aspx?id=2017101010443979.
杨玉成,袁一凡,郭恩栋等,1996.1996年2月3日云南丽江7.0级地震丽江县城震害统计和损失评估.地震工程与工程振动,16(1):19-29.
张邦柱,沈自励,1989.浅谈苏州地区地质构造与历史地震.铁道师范学报(自然科学版),(1):23-26.
章熙海,朱庆和,万群等,2015.地震应急救援中的城乡差异问题.灾害学,30(3):156-160,182.
章熙海,万群,吴珍云等,2017.地震应急救援能力城乡差异性评价指标研究.灾害学,32(3):164-170.
钟升,2016.苏州“雨巷”遭遇火灾百年老宅被焚毁.(2016-10-09).http://www.js.chinanews.com/news/2016/1009/162725.html.
侯遵泽,赵志新,徐纪人等,2004.现代城市地震火灾特征及消防减灾对策.武警学院学报,20(2):24-26.
华商报,2014.专家:上世纪80、90年代建筑施工混乱质量不好.(2014-04-19).http://news.sohu.com/20140419/n398484879.shtml.
江苏省地震局,江苏省地震史料工作小组,1980.江苏地震历史资料汇编.南京:江苏省地震局.
江苏省地震局现场震害评估组,1990.常熟-太仓地震震害评估和经济损失分析.地震学刊,(4):70-77.
江苏省地震局震害调查组,1990.常熟-太仓5.1级地震农村住宅的震害总结.地震学刊,(4):78-81.
卢振恒,董亭,2002.以火灾闻名于世的大地震.防灾博览,(1):28-29.
沈伟东,2008.苏州:改革开放初唯一被列为全面保护的古城.(2008-07-03).http://cpc.people.com.cn/GB/85037/85039/7463892.html.
苏州发布,2014.明年起苏州将上调城区直管公房的租金标准.(2014-11-26).http://suzhou.bendibao.com/news/20141126/48970.shtm.
苏州广电总台,2017.截止2016年12月底苏州全市实有人口1375万.(2017-01-11).http://bendi.news.163.com/jiangsu/17/0111/09/CAG50QE704248E8R.html.
苏州日报,2018.2017年苏州市国民经济和社会发展统计公报.(2018-01-10).http://news.2500sz.com/doc/2018/01/10/213660.shtml?_t=t.
苏州市旅游局,2017.2017年国庆长假苏州旅游“成绩单”.(2017-10-10).http://www.sztravel.gov.cn/news-detail.aspx?id=2017101010443979.
杨玉成,袁一凡,郭恩栋等,1996.1996年2月3日云南丽江7.0级地震丽江县城震害统计和损失评估.地震工程与工程振动,16(1):19-29.
张邦柱,沈自励,1989.浅谈苏州地区地质构造与历史地震.铁道师范学报(自然科学版),(1):23-26.
章熙海,朱庆和,万群等,2015.地震应急救援中的城乡差异问题.灾害学,30(3):156-160,182.
章熙海,万群,吴珍云等,2017.地震应急救援能力城乡差异性评价指标研究.灾害学,32(3):164-170.
钟升,2016.苏州“雨巷”遭遇火灾百年老宅被焚毁.(2016-10-09).http://www.js.chinanews.com/news/2016/1009/162725.html.