钢管桁架拱结构焊缝裂纹损伤监测研究
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摘要
针对钢管桁架拱结构焊缝裂纹损伤问题,提出基于压电波动法的焊缝裂纹损伤主动监测方法。以应用于隧道支护的方钢管桁架三角拱作为实验试件,在预定位置安装6个压电陶瓷传感器,采集各级荷载作用下传感器对于不同损伤程度裂纹的响应信号,并且比较分析其时域信号幅值、频域信号幅值及小波包能量幅值的变化。试验结果表明:随着焊缝裂纹的增多和加深,压电陶瓷传感器时域信号幅值、频域信号幅值及小波包能量幅值呈现出递减趋势;随着外界荷载的增加,压电陶瓷传感器时域信号幅值、频域信号幅值及小波包能量幅值呈现出递增趋势;采用的损伤指标能准确衡量焊缝裂纹的损伤状况。该研究成果验证了压电波动法对于钢管桁架拱结构焊缝裂纹损伤监测的有效性和准确性。
Aiming at the problem of weld crack damage in steel tube truss arch structures, an active monitoring method of weld crack damage based on piezoelectric wave is proposed. The square steel-pipe truss triangular arch was taken as the experimental specimen. Six piezoelectric sensors were installed in the predetermined positions and four of them were used to collect the response signals to different damage degrees under the load. The change of the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the energy amplitude of wavelet packet received by the piezoelectric ceramic sensors were compared and analyzed under damage conditions. The results show that the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the wavelet packet energy amplitude of piezoelectric ceramic sensors show a decreased trend with the increase and deepening of weld cracks. At the same time, the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the wavelet packet energy amplitude show an increasing trend as the load rose up,and the adopted damage index can accurately measure the damage conditions of the weld crack.Therefore, the validity and accuracy of the piezoelectric wave method for monitoring the weld crack in steel tubular truss arch structures were verified.
Aiming at the problem of weld crack damage in steel tube truss arch structures, an active monitoring method of weld crack damage based on piezoelectric wave is proposed. The square steel-pipe truss triangular arch was taken as the experimental specimen. Six piezoelectric sensors were installed in the predetermined positions and four of them were used to collect the response signals to different damage degrees under the load. The change of the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the energy amplitude of wavelet packet received by the piezoelectric ceramic sensors were compared and analyzed under damage conditions. The results show that the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the wavelet packet energy amplitude of piezoelectric ceramic sensors show a decreased trend with the increase and deepening of weld cracks. At the same time, the time-domain signal amplitude, the frequency-domain signal amplitude and the wavelet packet energy amplitude show an increasing trend as the load rose up,and the adopted damage index can accurately measure the damage conditions of the weld crack.Therefore, the validity and accuracy of the piezoelectric wave method for monitoring the weld crack in steel tubular truss arch structures were verified.
引文
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[2]郭彦林,郭宇飞,盛和太.钢管桁架拱的稳定性能及应用[J].空间结构,2008,14(4):41-49.(GUO Yan-lin,GUO Yufei,SHENG He-tai.Stability behavior and application of truss-arch[J].Spatial Stractures,2008,14(4):41-49.(in Chinese))
[3]梁健,黄政华.某阳光温室大棚钢管桁架拱结构分析与设计[J].贵州大学学报,2015,32(5):121-125.(LIANG Jian,HUANG Zhen-hua.Design and analysis of a sunshine greenhouse steel tube truss-arch structure[J].Journal of Guizhou University,2015,32(5):121-125.(in Chinese))
[4]J.沃登尼尔.钢管截面的结构应用[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2004.(J.Warden Neil.Structure application of steel tube section[M].Shanghai:Tongji University Press,2004.(in Chinese))
[5]刘彪.桁架拱轻钢大棚骨架K型节点受力性能研究[D].大庆:黑龙江八一农垦大学,2016.(LIU Biao.Study on the mechanical property of K-joints in truss-arch plastic greenhouse[D].Daqing:Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,2016.(in Chinese))
[6]李晨光.管道焊缝无损检测的综合方法结合及图像处理[D].青岛:中国石油大学,2001.(LI Chen-guang.Synthetical NDT and image processing for weld joint of pipeline[D].Qingdao:China University of Petroleum,2001.(in Chinese))
[7]陈维业,胡杰,刘光辉,等.复合材料胶接修补界面损伤演化声发射监测[J].玻璃钢/复合材料,2016(7):9-13.(CHEN Wei-ye,HU Jie,LIU Guang-hui,et al.Acoustic emission monitoring for damage evolution of composite bonding repair interface[J].Baoding Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastics/Composite Materials,2016(7):9-13.(in Chinese))
[8]彭芬.基于压电波动法的管道结构缺陷检测模拟与试验研究[D].长沙:湖南大学,2017.(PENG Fen.Numerical simulation and experimental study on defect detection for pipe structure using PZT-based wave method[D].Changsha:Hunan University,2017.(in Chinese))
[9]李玲.PZT对土木工程钢结构疲劳和螺栓松动损伤监测试验研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2005.(LI Ling.Exprimental study on PZT monitoring of fatigue and bolt loosening damage of steel structures in civil engineering[D].Haerbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2005.(in Chinese))
[10]洪红,许桢英,刘欢,等.一种用于焊缝检测的压电式特征导波传感器[J].仪表技术与传感器,2016(3):10-13.(HONG Hong,XU Zhen-ying,LIU Huan,et al.Piezoelectric sensor based on feature-guided wave for weld NDT[J].Instrument Technique and Sensor,2016(3):10-13.(in Chinese))
[11]王丹生,朱宏平,陈晓强,等.利用压电自传感驱动器进行裂纹钢梁损伤识别的实验研究[J].振动与冲击,2006,25(6):139-142,185.(WANG Dan-sheng,ZHUHong-ping,CHEN Xiao-qiang,et al.Experiment study on damage identification in cracked beam through piezoelectric selfsensing actuators[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2006,25(6):139-142,185.(in Chinese))