回归20年后香港与广州、北京的语言态度比较
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摘要
本研究重复了1997年香港回归之际一项港、京、穗大学生语言态度的"配对变语"调查,考察了三地372名大学生对普通话、英语、粤方言、粤方言口音普通话的态度。结果显示:1)三地的评价维度较20年前更接近。2)与1997年相似,香港的粤普评价显著高于内地;普通话评价在部分题项高于内地,部分低于内地。3)广州对粤方言的评价比20年前有提高。4)三地的态度不同较20年前有一定缩小,对"标准变体""非标准变体"的整体评价距离也有减少。研究揭示,既要地域文化归属又要中国文化认同的"最优特性"平衡,是香港人的高强度语言态度。全球化和本土化力量同时发生着作用。
This 2017 study replicated a 1997 Matched Guise language attitude research on college students in Hong Kong,Beijing,and Guangzhou.Attitudes towards Cantonese,Putonghua(PTH),English and Cantonese accented PTH were examined.Major findings were:1) Evaluation factors of the three cities were more similar than in1997.2) As in 1997,Hong Kong's ratings of Cantonese accented PTH were significantly higher than the other two cities.Hong Kong's ratings of PTH were higher than Beijing(and Guangzhou) on some items and lower on others.3) Guangzhou's ratings of Cantonese seemed higher than those of 1997.4) Rating differences among the three cities appeared smaller than in 1997; so did those between "standard"and "non-standard"varieties.Such results showed that Hongkongers strived for "optimal distinctiveness ",keeping a balance between"being Chinese"and"being Hongkongers".Globalization and localization forces are both at work.
This 2017 study replicated a 1997 Matched Guise language attitude research on college students in Hong Kong,Beijing,and Guangzhou.Attitudes towards Cantonese,Putonghua(PTH),English and Cantonese accented PTH were examined.Major findings were:1) Evaluation factors of the three cities were more similar than in1997.2) As in 1997,Hong Kong's ratings of Cantonese accented PTH were significantly higher than the other two cities.Hong Kong's ratings of PTH were higher than Beijing(and Guangzhou) on some items and lower on others.3) Guangzhou's ratings of Cantonese seemed higher than those of 1997.4) Rating differences among the three cities appeared smaller than in 1997; so did those between "standard"and "non-standard"varieties.Such results showed that Hongkongers strived for "optimal distinctiveness ",keeping a balance between"being Chinese"and"being Hongkongers".Globalization and localization forces are both at work.
引文
[1]甘丽华.基于佛山大学生对相关语言态度情况的调查研究[J].顺德职业技术学院学报,2012,(2).
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[3]韩艳梅.广州小学生的语言态度及其身份认同论析[J].西南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2012,(1).
[4]李宇明,大华语:全球华人的共同语[J].语言文字应用,2017,(1).
[5]刘慧.广州地区港澳大学生语言态度及语言使用情况调查研究[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,(3).
[6]徐晖明,周喆.广州青少年语言使用与语言态度调查与分析[J].语言文字应用,2016,(3).
[7]鄢秀,潘珺.香港大学生普通话学习的环境、语言态度及教学软件的应用---焦点小组访谈研究[J].国际汉语学报,2016,(1).
[8]杨伟杰,林玲.普通话与粤方言的情感评价及地位评价比较---以广州市普通话水平测试考生为例[J].韩山师范学院学报,2013,(5).
[9]张积家,杨卓华,朱诗敏.广东大学生对普通话和粤方言的印象[J].心理学探新,2003,(1).
[10]Brewer,M.B.The social self:On being the same and different at the same time[J].Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1991,(7).
[11]Gao,Y.H.,Su,X.C.&Zhou,L.Pre-handover language attitudes in Hong Kong,Beijing,and Guangzhou[J].Journal of Asian Pacific Communication,2000,(10).
[12]Gardner,R.C.&Lambert,W.Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning[M].Rlwley,Mass.:Newbury House,1972.
[13]Garrett,P.Language attitudes[A].The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics[C].NY:Routledge,2007.
[14]Giles,H.&Johnson,P.Ethnolinguistic identity theory:A social psychological approach to language maintenance[J].International Journal of the Sociology of Language,1987,(68).
[15]Humphreys,G.,&Spratt,M.Many languages,many motivations:A study of Hong Kong students’motivation to learn different target languages[J].System,2008,(36).
[16]Hyland,K.Language attitudes at the handover:Communication and identity in 1997 Hong Kong[J].English World-wide,1997,(18).
[17]Lai,M.L.Hong Kong students’attitudes toward Cantonese,Putonghua and English after the change of sovereignty[J].Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development,2001,(22).
[18]Lai,M.L.Language attitudes of the first postcolonial generation in Hong Kong secondary schools[J].Language in Society,2005,34.
[19]Lambert,W.E.,Hodgson,R.,Gardner,R.C.,&Fillenbaum,S.Evaluational reactions to spoken languages[J].Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,1960,(60).
[20]Maio,G.R.&Haddock,G.The Psychology of Attitudes and Attitude Change[M].LA:Sage,2015.
[21]Wu,D.D.&Chan,K.Multilingual mixing in Hong Kong advertising,pre-and post-1997[J].Asian Journal of Communication,2007,(17).
(1)为直观理解,此列的“A> B”表示A变体的评价高于B,即均值上A的数值小于B。余同。
[2]高一虹,苏新春,周雷.回归前香港、北京、广州的语言态度[J].外语教学与研究,1998,(2).
[3]韩艳梅.广州小学生的语言态度及其身份认同论析[J].西南农业大学学报(社会科学版),2012,(1).
[4]李宇明,大华语:全球华人的共同语[J].语言文字应用,2017,(1).
[5]刘慧.广州地区港澳大学生语言态度及语言使用情况调查研究[J].暨南学报(哲学社会科学版),2013,(3).
[6]徐晖明,周喆.广州青少年语言使用与语言态度调查与分析[J].语言文字应用,2016,(3).
[7]鄢秀,潘珺.香港大学生普通话学习的环境、语言态度及教学软件的应用---焦点小组访谈研究[J].国际汉语学报,2016,(1).
[8]杨伟杰,林玲.普通话与粤方言的情感评价及地位评价比较---以广州市普通话水平测试考生为例[J].韩山师范学院学报,2013,(5).
[9]张积家,杨卓华,朱诗敏.广东大学生对普通话和粤方言的印象[J].心理学探新,2003,(1).
[10]Brewer,M.B.The social self:On being the same and different at the same time[J].Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin,1991,(7).
[11]Gao,Y.H.,Su,X.C.&Zhou,L.Pre-handover language attitudes in Hong Kong,Beijing,and Guangzhou[J].Journal of Asian Pacific Communication,2000,(10).
[12]Gardner,R.C.&Lambert,W.Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning[M].Rlwley,Mass.:Newbury House,1972.
[13]Garrett,P.Language attitudes[A].The Routledge Companion to Sociolinguistics[C].NY:Routledge,2007.
[14]Giles,H.&Johnson,P.Ethnolinguistic identity theory:A social psychological approach to language maintenance[J].International Journal of the Sociology of Language,1987,(68).
[15]Humphreys,G.,&Spratt,M.Many languages,many motivations:A study of Hong Kong students’motivation to learn different target languages[J].System,2008,(36).
[16]Hyland,K.Language attitudes at the handover:Communication and identity in 1997 Hong Kong[J].English World-wide,1997,(18).
[17]Lai,M.L.Hong Kong students’attitudes toward Cantonese,Putonghua and English after the change of sovereignty[J].Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development,2001,(22).
[18]Lai,M.L.Language attitudes of the first postcolonial generation in Hong Kong secondary schools[J].Language in Society,2005,34.
[19]Lambert,W.E.,Hodgson,R.,Gardner,R.C.,&Fillenbaum,S.Evaluational reactions to spoken languages[J].Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology,1960,(60).
[20]Maio,G.R.&Haddock,G.The Psychology of Attitudes and Attitude Change[M].LA:Sage,2015.
[21]Wu,D.D.&Chan,K.Multilingual mixing in Hong Kong advertising,pre-and post-1997[J].Asian Journal of Communication,2007,(17).
(1)为直观理解,此列的“A> B”表示A变体的评价高于B,即均值上A的数值小于B。余同。