汉中盆地及周边低山丘陵区土地利用变化研究
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摘要
目的探究汉中盆地及周边低山丘陵区土地利用变化的时空特点及其规律。方法基于2000年、2005年、2010年和2016年四期TM影像,利用ENVI和GIS技术提取汉中盆地及其周边低山丘陵区各期土地利用现状图,分析研究区各期土地利用的时空变化及地形梯度变化特征。结果与结论1)2000—2016年汉中盆地内部土地利用类型变化明显,其中建设用地明显增加,耕地、草地、未利用地明显减少,而低山丘陵区以耕地的减少和林地的增加为主要特征。2)2000—2016年盆地区建设用地主要以城区为中心面呈环状增加和以高速公路为中轴呈条带状增加。而低山丘陵区林地主要在坡度较大和高程较高的区域增加。3)汉中盆地土地利用图谱变化类型以"耕-耕-耕-耕"为主的稳定型图谱分布面积最多,占整个汉中盆地面积的51.67%。低山丘陵区的土地利用图谱变化类型以"林-林-林-林"为主的稳定型图谱分布面积最多,占整个低山丘陵区面积的41.44%。4)汉中盆地前期变化型和稳定型的分布指数较高,土地利用类型仅局限于耕地与建设用地之间的转换,而低山丘陵区前期变化型和稳定型的分布指数较高,土地利用类型仅局限于耕地与林地之间的转换。
Purposes—To explore the temporal and spatial characteristics and the patterns of land use changes in Hanzhoung basin and its surrounding hilly areas.Methods—Based on the TM images in the years of 2000,2005,2010 and 2016,the present land use maps of Hanzhong basin and its surrounding hilly areas was extracted by ENVI and GIS,respectively.The characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes in land use and the changes of terrain gradient in the study area were analyzed.Results and Conclusions—1)From Year 2000 to Year 2016,there were distinct dynamic changes in the types of land-use,among which the construction land increased,the cultivated land,grassland and unused land reduced significantly,while the cultivated land decreased drastically and the forest land increased in the hilly area;2)From Year 2000 to Year 2016,the construction land increased in circularity with the city proper as the center in the basin area and in strip with the highway as the axis,while the forest land in the hilly area increased mainly in the area with higher slope and higher elevation.3)Among the distribution pattern of land use in Hanzhong basin,the main evolution type was "tillage-tillage-tillage-tillage",which took up the largest distribution area,accounting for 51.67% of the whole area of Hanzhong basin.In the hilly areas,the main evolution type was "forest-forest-forest-forest",accounting for 41.44% of the whole hilly area.4)The distribution index of early change type and stable type in Hanzhong basin was higher,and the land use type was limited to the conversion between cultivated land and construction land,while the distribution index of early change type and stable change type in hilly area was higher,and the land use type was limited to the conversion between cultivated land and forest land.
Purposes—To explore the temporal and spatial characteristics and the patterns of land use changes in Hanzhoung basin and its surrounding hilly areas.Methods—Based on the TM images in the years of 2000,2005,2010 and 2016,the present land use maps of Hanzhong basin and its surrounding hilly areas was extracted by ENVI and GIS,respectively.The characteristics of the temporal and spatial changes in land use and the changes of terrain gradient in the study area were analyzed.Results and Conclusions—1)From Year 2000 to Year 2016,there were distinct dynamic changes in the types of land-use,among which the construction land increased,the cultivated land,grassland and unused land reduced significantly,while the cultivated land decreased drastically and the forest land increased in the hilly area;2)From Year 2000 to Year 2016,the construction land increased in circularity with the city proper as the center in the basin area and in strip with the highway as the axis,while the forest land in the hilly area increased mainly in the area with higher slope and higher elevation.3)Among the distribution pattern of land use in Hanzhong basin,the main evolution type was "tillage-tillage-tillage-tillage",which took up the largest distribution area,accounting for 51.67% of the whole area of Hanzhong basin.In the hilly areas,the main evolution type was "forest-forest-forest-forest",accounting for 41.44% of the whole hilly area.4)The distribution index of early change type and stable type in Hanzhong basin was higher,and the land use type was limited to the conversion between cultivated land and construction land,while the distribution index of early change type and stable change type in hilly area was higher,and the land use type was limited to the conversion between cultivated land and forest land.
引文
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[9]薄广涛,牛志君,郭义强,等.冀西北间山盆地区土地利用变化地形梯度效应——以河北省怀来县为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,24(1):226-231.
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[11]刘欣,赵艳霞,武爱彬,等.河北省浅山丘陵区土地利用变化及人文驱动分析[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):126-131.
[12]王启名,杨昆,杨扬,等.汉中市土地利用变化特征研究[J].安徽农学通报,2016,22(14):104-105,126.
[13]邢海虹.汉江水源区土地利用碳源/汇效应的空间差异分析——以陕南为例[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(4):199-203.
[14]徐岚,赵羿.利用马尔代夫过程预测东陵区土地利用格局的变化[J].应用生态学报,1993,4(3):272-277.
[15]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.
[16]张国坤,邓伟,张洪岩,等.新开河流域土地利用格局变化图谱分析[J].地理学报,2010,65(9):1111-1120.
[17]郭洪峰,许月卿,吴艳芳.基于地形梯度的土地利用格局与时空变化分析——以北京市平谷区为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(1):160-166,186.
[18]郜红娟,张朝琼,张凤太.基于地形梯度的贵州省土地利用时空变化分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2015,33(1):62-70.
[19]梁发超,刘黎明.基于地形梯度的土地利用类型分布特征分析——以湖南省浏阳市为例[J].资源科学,2010,32(11):2138-2144.
[20]龚文峰,袁力,范文义.基于地形梯度的哈尔滨市土地利用格局变化分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(2):250-259,303.
[2]陈佑启,杨鹏.国际上土地利用/土地覆盖变化研究的新进展[J].经济地理,2001,21(1):95-100.
[3]TURNER I B L,MEYWR W B,SKOLE D.Global land-use/land-cover change:towards an integrated study[J].AMBIO,1994,23(1):91-95.
[4]赵米金,徐涛.土地利用/土地覆被变化环境效应研究[J].水土保持研究,2005,12(1):43-46.
[5]倪绍祥.土地利用/覆被变化研究的几个问题[J].自然资源学报,2005,20(6):932-937.
[6]李秀彬.全球环境变化研究的核心领域——土地利用/土地覆被变化的国际研究动向[J].地理学报,1996,51(6):553-558.
[7]薛亚永,王晓峰.基于地形梯度的陕西省土地利用变化研究[J].中国农学通报,2016,32(11):56-63.
[8]任志远,张晗.银川盆地土地利用变化对景观格局脆弱性的影响[J].应用生态学报,2016,27(1):243-249.
[9]薄广涛,牛志君,郭义强,等.冀西北间山盆地区土地利用变化地形梯度效应——以河北省怀来县为例[J].水土保持研究,2016,24(1):226-231.
[10]周生路,黄劲松.东南沿海低山丘陵区土地利用结构的地域分异研究——以温州市为例[J].土壤学报,2003,40(1):37-45.
[11]刘欣,赵艳霞,武爱彬,等.河北省浅山丘陵区土地利用变化及人文驱动分析[J].农业现代化研究,2015,36(1):126-131.
[12]王启名,杨昆,杨扬,等.汉中市土地利用变化特征研究[J].安徽农学通报,2016,22(14):104-105,126.
[13]邢海虹.汉江水源区土地利用碳源/汇效应的空间差异分析——以陕南为例[J].西北林学院学报,2013,28(4):199-203.
[14]徐岚,赵羿.利用马尔代夫过程预测东陵区土地利用格局的变化[J].应用生态学报,1993,4(3):272-277.
[15]王秀兰,包玉海.土地利用动态变化研究方法探讨[J].地理科学进展,1999,18(1):81-87.
[16]张国坤,邓伟,张洪岩,等.新开河流域土地利用格局变化图谱分析[J].地理学报,2010,65(9):1111-1120.
[17]郭洪峰,许月卿,吴艳芳.基于地形梯度的土地利用格局与时空变化分析——以北京市平谷区为例[J].经济地理,2013,33(1):160-166,186.
[18]郜红娟,张朝琼,张凤太.基于地形梯度的贵州省土地利用时空变化分析[J].四川农业大学学报,2015,33(1):62-70.
[19]梁发超,刘黎明.基于地形梯度的土地利用类型分布特征分析——以湖南省浏阳市为例[J].资源科学,2010,32(11):2138-2144.
[20]龚文峰,袁力,范文义.基于地形梯度的哈尔滨市土地利用格局变化分析[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(2):250-259,303.