极靴参数对永磁无刷直流电机径向磁密的影响
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摘要
针对永磁无刷直流电机难以产生理想矩形波的空载径向气隙磁密,以及不规则永磁钢的生产易造成材料浪费等问题,设计出一种在传统矩形永磁钢表面加装凹圆弧极靴的方法。推导出加装极靴后的空载径向气隙磁密解析表达式,分析影响因素,并以优化径向磁密波形矩形化为目标,利用有限元分析软件,研究极靴影响参数对18极54槽外转子永磁无刷直流电机径向磁密波形以及空载漏磁系数的影响规律,得到最优参数匹配。仿真结果表明,凹圆弧极靴能够有效提高空载径向气隙磁密波形矩形化程度,改善电机输出性能。
A concave arc pole shoe is designed to solve the problem that permanent magnet brushless direct current(DC)motor is difficult to generate no-load air gap magnetic field with ideal rectangular wave,and that the production of irregular permanent magnet waste permanent magnet material.By deriving the analytical expression of radial flux density,the influencing factors are analyzed,and the rectangular shape of radial flux density waveform is optimized.The effects of pole shoe parameters on the radial flux density waveform and no-load leakage coefficient of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor outside the 18 pole 54 slot are studied by using the finite element analysis software,thereby obtaining the optimal match parameter.The results show that the concave arc pole shoe can effectively improve the degree of rectangularization of the no-load radial air gap magnetic density waveform and enhance the motor output performance.
A concave arc pole shoe is designed to solve the problem that permanent magnet brushless direct current(DC)motor is difficult to generate no-load air gap magnetic field with ideal rectangular wave,and that the production of irregular permanent magnet waste permanent magnet material.By deriving the analytical expression of radial flux density,the influencing factors are analyzed,and the rectangular shape of radial flux density waveform is optimized.The effects of pole shoe parameters on the radial flux density waveform and no-load leakage coefficient of the permanent magnet brushless DC motor outside the 18 pole 54 slot are studied by using the finite element analysis software,thereby obtaining the optimal match parameter.The results show that the concave arc pole shoe can effectively improve the degree of rectangularization of the no-load radial air gap magnetic density waveform and enhance the motor output performance.
引文
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[14]李延升,窦满峰,张春雷.Halbach型磁钢的永磁电机气隙磁场解析计算[J].微电机,2013,46(3):6-9,13.LI Yansheng,DOU Manfeng,ZHANG Chunlei.Analytical calculation of air gap magnetic field for halbach array PM motor[J].Micromotor,2013,46(3):6-9,13.(in Chinese)
[15]李延升,窦满峰,赵冬冬.磁钢充磁方式对表贴式永磁电机磁场影响分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(12):26-31.LI Yansheng,DOU Manfeng,ZHAO Dongdong.Analytical magnetic field of magnetization manners in surface-mounted PM motor[J].Journal of Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(12):26-31.(in Chinese)
[2]孙秋霞,王法庆.Halbach磁体结构的外转子永磁电机设计分析[J].微电机,2006,39(7):35-37.SUN Qiuxia,WANG Faqing.Analysis of a halbach array permanent motor with external rotor[J].Micromotors Servo Technique,2006,39(7):35-37.(in Chinese)
[3]SEBASTIAN T,GANGLA V.Analysis of induced EMF waveforms and torque ripple in a brushless permanent magnet machine[J].IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications,2002,32(1):195-200.
[4]周羽,李槐树,周石,等.考虑开槽时永磁无刷直流电机气隙磁场的解析计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(S1):182-188.ZHOU Yu,LI Huaishu,ZHOU Shi,et al.Analytical method for calculating air-gap magnetic field of brushless DC motor accounting for slots[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(S1):182-188.(in Chinese)
[5]王兴华,励庆孚,王曙鸿.永磁无刷直流电机空载气隙磁场和绕组反电势的解析计算[J].中国电机工程学报,2003,23(3):126-130.WANG Xinghua,LI Qingfu,WANG Shuhong.Analytical calculation of no-load air-gap magnetic field and back electromotive force in brushless dc motor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2003,23(3):126-130.(in Chinese)
[6]仇志坚,李琛,周晓燕,等.表贴式永磁电机转子偏心空载气隙磁场解析[J].电工技术学报,2013,28(3):114-121.QIU Zhijian,LI Chen,ZHOU Xiaoyan,et al.Analytical calculation of no-load air-gap magnetic field in surface-mounted permanent magnet motors with rotor eccentricity[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2013,28(3):114-121.(in Chinese)
[7]CHOI Y K,YOON H S,KOH C S.Pole-shape optimization of a switched-reluctance motor for torque ripple reduction[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2007,43(4):1797-1800.
[8]EVANS S A.Salient pole shoe shapes of interior permanent magnet synchronous machines[C]∥Electrical Machines(ICEM),2010XIX International Conference on.New York:IEEE Computer Society,2010:5607694.
[9]张冉,王秀和,乔东伟.极弧系数选择对永磁无刷直流电机激振力波的影响[J].中国电机工程报,2010,30(21):79-85.ZHANG Ran,WANG Xiuhe,QIAO Dongwei.Influence of pole-arc coefficient on exciting force waves of permanent magnet brushless DC motors[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2010,30(21):79-85.(in Chinese)
[10]戈宝军,于涌源,张淑森.具有三段圆弧极靴结构的大型凸极同步电机气隙磁场的分析与计算[J].大电机技术,1998(1):21-26.GE Baojun,YU Yongyuan,ZHANG Shusen.Calculation of magnetic field in large salient pole synchronous machine with three piece configuration of pole arc[J].Large Motor Technology,1998(1):21-26.(in Chinese)
[11]吴亚麟.稀土永磁凸极同步发电机极靴形状的设计[J].海峡科学,2010,33(9):116-118,132.WU Yalin.Design of pole shoe’s shape for rare earth permanent magnet salient-pole synchronous generator[J].Strait Science,2010,33(9):116-118,132.(in Chinese)
[12]王帅,张炳义,陈亚千,等.基于云遗传策略的永磁电机表贴式双曲极靴优化设计[J].电气工程学报,2016,11(9):8-14.WANG Shuai,ZHANG Bingyi,CHEN Yaqian,et al.Optimal design of surface mounted hyperboloidal pole permanent magnet motor based on cloud genetic strategy[J].Journal of Electrical Engineering,2016,11(9):8-14.(in Chinese)
[13]王秀和.永磁电机[M].北京:中国电力出版社,2007:80-85.
[14]李延升,窦满峰,张春雷.Halbach型磁钢的永磁电机气隙磁场解析计算[J].微电机,2013,46(3):6-9,13.LI Yansheng,DOU Manfeng,ZHANG Chunlei.Analytical calculation of air gap magnetic field for halbach array PM motor[J].Micromotor,2013,46(3):6-9,13.(in Chinese)
[15]李延升,窦满峰,赵冬冬.磁钢充磁方式对表贴式永磁电机磁场影响分析[J].电机与控制学报,2011,15(12):26-31.LI Yansheng,DOU Manfeng,ZHAO Dongdong.Analytical magnetic field of magnetization manners in surface-mounted PM motor[J].Journal of Electric Machines and Control,2011,15(12):26-31.(in Chinese)