不同淋洗剂对矿区土壤重金属解吸的影响
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摘要
以广西柳州市融安县泗顶镇某铅锌矿区土壤为研究对象,采用振荡淋溶的方法,研究0、2.5、5、10mmol/L乙二醇二乙醚二胺四乙酸(EGTA)、乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)、酒石酸(TA)、抗坏血酸(VC)、草酸(OA)、柠檬酸(CA)对矿区土壤中4种重金属Cd、Pb、Mn、Zn解吸效果的影响。结果表明,EDTA、OA、EGTA、TA、CA、VC中以EDTA对Pb、Zn、Cd的淋洗效果最好,且最佳浸提时间为9h,在第9小时时其对Pb、Zn、Cd的去除率分别为6.82%、6.72%和3.87%。VC、CA对Mn的释放效果最好,释放量均随着酸处理浓度的增加而增加;在VC、CA处理浓度为10mmol/L时,Mn的释放量分别为对照的4.59和4.28倍;虽然VC对Mn的释放量随着处理时间的增加而增加,但在9h后其释放量间无显著差异(P>0.05),因此最佳浸提时间也为9h。
The desorption of Cd,Pb,Mn and Zn from lead-zinc mine soils with six common organic acids was investigated by using soil washing approach.EGTA,citricacid(CA),oxalic acid(OA),tartaric acid(TA),ascorbic acid(VC)and EDTA at the concentration of 0,2.5,5 and 10 mmol·L~(-1) were studied.Heavy metal contaminated soils were collected from a lead-zinc mine area in Rong'an County,Guangxi province.The results indicated that EDTA has the greatest efficiency on releasing Pb,Zn and Cd from soils among the six organic acids,and the best extraction time is 9 h.At 9 h,the removal rates of EDTA to soil Pb,Zn and Cd were 6.82%,6.72% and 3.87%,respectively.VC and CA showed the greatest removal efficiency to soil Mn and the release efficiency was enhanced with the increase of the acid concentration.At 10 mmol·L~(-1) concentration of VC and CA,the amount of released soil Mn was 4.59 and 4.28 times greater than that of the control.Under the VC treatment,the amount of released soil Mn increased with the extraction time during the first 9 h washing after which there was no significant increase of Mn release(P>0.05),therefore the best extraction time was also 9 h.
The desorption of Cd,Pb,Mn and Zn from lead-zinc mine soils with six common organic acids was investigated by using soil washing approach.EGTA,citricacid(CA),oxalic acid(OA),tartaric acid(TA),ascorbic acid(VC)and EDTA at the concentration of 0,2.5,5 and 10 mmol·L~(-1) were studied.Heavy metal contaminated soils were collected from a lead-zinc mine area in Rong'an County,Guangxi province.The results indicated that EDTA has the greatest efficiency on releasing Pb,Zn and Cd from soils among the six organic acids,and the best extraction time is 9 h.At 9 h,the removal rates of EDTA to soil Pb,Zn and Cd were 6.82%,6.72% and 3.87%,respectively.VC and CA showed the greatest removal efficiency to soil Mn and the release efficiency was enhanced with the increase of the acid concentration.At 10 mmol·L~(-1) concentration of VC and CA,the amount of released soil Mn was 4.59 and 4.28 times greater than that of the control.Under the VC treatment,the amount of released soil Mn increased with the extraction time during the first 9 h washing after which there was no significant increase of Mn release(P>0.05),therefore the best extraction time was also 9 h.
引文
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[13]DI PALMA L,MECOZZI R.Heavy metals mobilization from harbour sediments using EDTA and cirtic acid as chelating agents[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,147:768-775.
[14]祝方,张飞,陈雨,等.黄芥-螯合剂修复对土壤Pb和磷酸酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1231-1235.
[15]JAVIER P E,CONSUELO E,ANA M,et al.Chemical speciation and mobilization of copper and zinc in naturally contaminated mine soils with citric and tartaric acids[J].Chemosphere,2013,90:276-283.
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[17]钱翌,刘莹,彭晓丽.低分子有机酸对土壤中Pb形态的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(4):261-264.
[18]宋金凤,李金博,曹楷,等.草酸和柠檬酸提高长白落叶松对Pb胁迫的适应性[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(11):18-27.
[19]李小平,南晓娟,侯康,等.铜川市土壤重金属形态迁移及抗坏血酸淋溶特性[J].干旱区研究,2012,29(5):878-882.
[20]孙涛,陆扣萍,王海龙.不同淋洗剂和淋洗条件下重金属污染土壤淋洗修复研究进展[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(1):140-149.
[21]GAO Y Z,HE J Z,LING W T,et al.Effect of organic acids of copper and cadmium desorption from contaminated soils[J].Environment International,2003,29:613-618.
[22]陈亚慧,李君,王明新,等.EGTA和酒石酸对蓖麻Cd胁迫与积累的调控作用[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(5):1025-1031.
[23]金诚,南忠仁,胡亚虎,等.螯合剂强化下新疆杨对干旱区Pb污染农田土壤的修复[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(12):2340-2344.
[24]杜丽琼,刘东方,黄文力,等.有机酸对猪粪中重金属的浸提[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(10):2121-2128.
[2]冯静,张增强,李念,等.铅锌厂重金属污染土壤的螯合剂淋洗修复及其应用[J].环境工程学报,2015,9(11):5617-5625.
[3]易龙生,王文燕,陶冶,等.有机酸对污染土壤重金属的淋洗效果研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2013(4):701-707.
[4]吴烈善,吕宏虹,苏翠翠,等.环境友好型淋洗剂对重金属污染土壤的修复效果[J].环境工程学报,2014,8(10):4486-4491.
[5]夏振华,张世熔,曹雅茹,等.低分子量有机酸及其共聚物去除土壤重金属研究[J].农业环境科学学报,2018,37(8):1660-1666.
[6]黎诗宏,蒋卉,朱梦婷,等.有机酸对成都平原镉污染土壤的淋洗效果[J].环境工程学报,2017,11(5):3227-3232.
[7]胡浩,潘杰,曾清如,等.低分子有机酸淋溶对土壤中重金属Pb Cd Cu和Zn的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2008,27(4):1611-1616.
[8]ZHANG W,HUANG H,TAN F,et al.Influence of EDTA washing on the species and mobility of heavy metals residual in soils[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2010,173(1/2/3):369-376.
[9]尹雪,陈家军,蔡文敏.EDTA与柠檬酸复配洗涤修复多重金属污染土壤效果研究[J].环境科学,2014,35(8):3096-3101.
[10]刘丽芬.STPP与Na2EDTA对Pb、Cd、Cu污染土壤的化学淋洗修复研究[D].衡阳:南华大学,2016.
[11]鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M].北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000:205-338.
[12]吴俭,潘伟斌,林瑞聪,等.用酒石酸等有机酸清洗镉锌、镉镍复合污染土壤[J].农业环境科学学报,2015,34(6):1076-1081.
[13]DI PALMA L,MECOZZI R.Heavy metals mobilization from harbour sediments using EDTA and cirtic acid as chelating agents[J].Journal of Hazardous Materials,2007,147:768-775.
[14]祝方,张飞,陈雨,等.黄芥-螯合剂修复对土壤Pb和磷酸酶活性的影响[J].生态环境学报,2013,22(7):1231-1235.
[15]JAVIER P E,CONSUELO E,ANA M,et al.Chemical speciation and mobilization of copper and zinc in naturally contaminated mine soils with citric and tartaric acids[J].Chemosphere,2013,90:276-283.
[16]宋金凤,刘永,崔晓阳.土壤逆境下落叶松根系分泌的有机酸及其养分释放[M].北京:科学出版社,2014.
[17]钱翌,刘莹,彭晓丽.低分子有机酸对土壤中Pb形态的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(4):261-264.
[18]宋金凤,李金博,曹楷,等.草酸和柠檬酸提高长白落叶松对Pb胁迫的适应性[J].北京林业大学学报,2017,39(11):18-27.
[19]李小平,南晓娟,侯康,等.铜川市土壤重金属形态迁移及抗坏血酸淋溶特性[J].干旱区研究,2012,29(5):878-882.
[20]孙涛,陆扣萍,王海龙.不同淋洗剂和淋洗条件下重金属污染土壤淋洗修复研究进展[J].浙江农林大学学报,2015,32(1):140-149.
[21]GAO Y Z,HE J Z,LING W T,et al.Effect of organic acids of copper and cadmium desorption from contaminated soils[J].Environment International,2003,29:613-618.
[22]陈亚慧,李君,王明新,等.EGTA和酒石酸对蓖麻Cd胁迫与积累的调控作用[J].西北植物学报,2014,34(5):1025-1031.
[23]金诚,南忠仁,胡亚虎,等.螯合剂强化下新疆杨对干旱区Pb污染农田土壤的修复[J].农业环境科学学报,2012,31(12):2340-2344.
[24]杜丽琼,刘东方,黄文力,等.有机酸对猪粪中重金属的浸提[J].农业环境科学学报,2017,36(10):2121-2128.