氮肥和氮磷钾配比对蓖麻生育特性、干物质积累和产量的影响
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摘要
在粘壤土上开展试验,研究了施氮量和氮磷钾配比对蓖麻品种淄蓖7号生长特性、干物质积累和产量的影响。结果表明:施氮量、氮磷钾配比以及两者互作对蓖麻的生长特性、干物质积累和产量均产生了显著或极显著的影响;随着施氮量从225.0 kg/hm~2到375.0 kg/hm~2、氮磷钾配比从1∶0∶0提高到1∶0.9∶1.5,蓖麻的株高、叶干重、茎干重、叶面积指数、籽粒产量均显著增加;籽粒产量的增加主要来源于每株穗数的增加和百粒重的提高;施氮量375 kg/hm~2、氮磷钾配比1∶0.9∶1.5处理的籽粒产量最高,达2163.6 kg/hm~2。
A field experiment was carried out in clay loam to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio on the growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of castor variety Zibi No. 7. The results indicated that: nitrogen application rate, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio, and their interaction all had significant or very significant effects on the growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of castor plants; when the application rate of nitrogen increased from 225.0 kg/hm~2 to 375.0 kg/hm~2, and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio increased from 1∶0∶0 to 1∶0.9∶1.5, the plant height, dry leaf weight, dry stem weight, leaf area index and grain yield of castor plants all increased significantly; the increase in grain yield was caused mainly by the increase in both single-plant spike number and 100-grain weight; the treatment of applying 375 kg/hm~2 nitrogen combined with the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 1∶0.9∶1.5 obtained the highest castor grain yield(2163.6 kg/hm~2).
A field experiment was carried out in clay loam to investigate the effects of nitrogen application rate and nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio on the growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of castor variety Zibi No. 7. The results indicated that: nitrogen application rate, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio, and their interaction all had significant or very significant effects on the growth characteristics, dry matter accumulation and grain yield of castor plants; when the application rate of nitrogen increased from 225.0 kg/hm~2 to 375.0 kg/hm~2, and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio increased from 1∶0∶0 to 1∶0.9∶1.5, the plant height, dry leaf weight, dry stem weight, leaf area index and grain yield of castor plants all increased significantly; the increase in grain yield was caused mainly by the increase in both single-plant spike number and 100-grain weight; the treatment of applying 375 kg/hm~2 nitrogen combined with the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio of 1∶0.9∶1.5 obtained the highest castor grain yield(2163.6 kg/hm~2).
引文
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[11] 蒋小军,唐炳章,何有上.合理施用氮磷钾肥对蓖麻干物质积累及产量的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2010(5):92-95.
[12] 童晨.中度盐碱地氮磷肥对蓖麻生育特性、碳氮代谢和养分吸收的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013.
[13] 周桂生,李军,童晨,等.密度和施氮量对沿海滩涂中度盐碱地蓖麻磷素吸收的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2011,33(5):482-486.
[14] Hocking P J. Accumulation and distribution of nutrients in fruits of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) [J]. Annals of Botany, 1982, 49(1): 51-62.
[15] 白金铭.蓖麻吸肥规律的初步研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,1989(3):7-10.
[16] 熊志军,侯新宇,周鑫.蓖麻高产栽培技术[J].新疆农业科技,2002(2):19-20.
[2] 徐寿军,宋佳瑜.不同氮肥水平对蓖麻干物质积累的影响[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2014,29(1):30-33.
[3] 李金琴,朱国立,吴国林,等.蓖麻种子含油量的相关及通径分析[J].中国油料作物学报,2004,26(2):43-46.
[4] 王艳树,李凤山,张玉霞,等.盐碱胁迫对蓖麻种子萌发的影响[J].安徽农业科学,2007,35(1):41-43.
[5] 江惠琼.云南红壤上蓖麻的N、P、K吸收与施肥技术研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2005.
[6] Ahmed S R, Khadke K M, Reddy K C, et al. Soil test based optimal fertilizer requirements for attaining different yield targets of castor (Ricinus communis L.) in dry land alfisols [J]. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2001, 7(1): 27-30.
[7] Dev M U, Santaiah V, Rao S R, et al. Interaction of conservation tillage and nitrogen fertilization on growth and yield of rain-fed castor [J]. Journal of Oilseeds Research, 1990, 7(1): 98-105.
[8] 姚远,李凤山,陈永胜,等.国内外蓖麻研究进展[J].内蒙古民族大学学报:自然科学版,2009,24(2):175-188.
[9] 周桂生,李军,童晨,等.中度盐碱地蓖麻生长和地上部干物质积累特性的研究[J].扬州大学学报:农业与生命科学版,2011,32(1):30-34.
[10] 周桂生,万树文,董伟伟,等.施氮量对蓖麻花后干物质积累、产量和产量构成的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2009,31(1):39-43.
[11] 蒋小军,唐炳章,何有上.合理施用氮磷钾肥对蓖麻干物质积累及产量的影响[J].农业科技通讯,2010(5):92-95.
[12] 童晨.中度盐碱地氮磷肥对蓖麻生育特性、碳氮代谢和养分吸收的影响[D].扬州:扬州大学,2013.
[13] 周桂生,李军,童晨,等.密度和施氮量对沿海滩涂中度盐碱地蓖麻磷素吸收的影响[J].中国油料作物学报,2011,33(5):482-486.
[14] Hocking P J. Accumulation and distribution of nutrients in fruits of castor bean (Ricinus communis L.) [J]. Annals of Botany, 1982, 49(1): 51-62.
[15] 白金铭.蓖麻吸肥规律的初步研究[J].内蒙古农业科技,1989(3):7-10.
[16] 熊志军,侯新宇,周鑫.蓖麻高产栽培技术[J].新疆农业科技,2002(2):19-20.
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