测量模块对柴油机缸体上水孔流量测量的影响研究
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摘要
柴油机缸体上水孔流量测量时,由涡轮流量计和测量板组成的测量模块会对冷却水流动产生压力损失,从而影响上水孔流量测量结果的准确性,为研究测量模块对缸体上水孔流量测量的影响,本文中进行了试验和仿真研究。首先采用涡轮流量计和某一测量板结构对缸体上水孔进行流量测量试验;接着采用数值方法对冷却系统流动开展三维仿真。经对比分析,发现上述测量模块对上水孔流量测量结果的影响较大,最大相对误差超过25%。在此基础上,对测量模块中涡轮流量计的内径和长度、测量板水孔结构、水孔深度和出水孔径的影响进行了分析,得到优化匹配的测量模块,即内径为15 mm和长度为55 mm的涡轮流量计匹配水孔深度为20 mm、出水孔径为15 mm和圆柱形水孔结构的测量板。结果表明:改进后的测量模块有效地提高了测量结果的准确性,最大相对误差只有3.60%。
In measuring the flow through the water holes on the upper surface of cylinder block in a diesel engine, the measurement module composed of turbine flowmeter and measuring plates may cause pressure loss in cooling water flow, hence affecting the accuracy of measurement results. In order to study the influence of the measurement module on the flow measurement, test and simulation are carried out in this paper. Firstly, the flow measurement is conducted by using turbine flowmeter and a measuring plate. Then, a 3 D CFD simulation is performed on the flow of cooling system with an outcome indicating that the measurement module has a relatively great effect on the results of water flow measurement, with a maximum relative error more than 25%. On the basis of this, the influences of the inner diameter and length of the turbine flowmeter and the water hole structure, hole diameter and depth of the measuring plates on flow measurement are analyzed. Finally, an optimally matched measurement module is obtained, consisting of a turbine flowmeter with an inner diameter of 15 mm, a length of 55 mm and a measuring plate with a depth of 20 mm, a water outlet diameter of 15 mm and a cylindrical structure of water hole. The results show that the modified measurement module can effectively improve the accuracy of water flow measurement, with a maximum relative error of only 3.60%.
In measuring the flow through the water holes on the upper surface of cylinder block in a diesel engine, the measurement module composed of turbine flowmeter and measuring plates may cause pressure loss in cooling water flow, hence affecting the accuracy of measurement results. In order to study the influence of the measurement module on the flow measurement, test and simulation are carried out in this paper. Firstly, the flow measurement is conducted by using turbine flowmeter and a measuring plate. Then, a 3 D CFD simulation is performed on the flow of cooling system with an outcome indicating that the measurement module has a relatively great effect on the results of water flow measurement, with a maximum relative error more than 25%. On the basis of this, the influences of the inner diameter and length of the turbine flowmeter and the water hole structure, hole diameter and depth of the measuring plates on flow measurement are analyzed. Finally, an optimally matched measurement module is obtained, consisting of a turbine flowmeter with an inner diameter of 15 mm, a length of 55 mm and a measuring plate with a depth of 20 mm, a water outlet diameter of 15 mm and a cylindrical structure of water hole. The results show that the modified measurement module can effectively improve the accuracy of water flow measurement, with a maximum relative error of only 3.60%.
引文
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[6] 王兆文,赵强,陈雄,等.基于正交设计方法的气缸盖上水孔流量测量技术[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(4):42-48,21.
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[8] 陈思南,薛冬新,周禛,等.某16缸中速柴油机冷却水系统分析与优化[J].内燃机工程,2015,36(4):133-139.
[9] 陈铄,苏中地,林景殿.气体涡轮流量计流道压力损失的数值模拟[J].中国计量学院学报,2015,26(2):134-139.
[10] CHEN X Q,YU X L,LU Y J,et al.Study of different cooling structures on the thermal status of an internal combustion engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,116:419-432.
[2] 郭良平,张卫正,王长园,等.柴油机气缸盖传热规律研究[J].北京理工大学学报,2011,31(3):277-282.
[3] 白敏丽,吕继组,丁铁新,等.六缸柴油机冷却系统流动与传热的数值模拟研究[J].内燃机学报,2004(6):525-531.
[4] 王兆文,黄荣华,成晓北,等.车用柴油机气缸盖热负荷的改善[J].华中科技大学学报:自然科学版,2008(8):99-102.
[5] 王兆文,黄荣华,成晓北,等.重型车用柴油机气缸盖内流动与传热研究[J].汽车工程,2008,30(4):312-316.
[6] 王兆文,赵强,陈雄,等.基于正交设计方法的气缸盖上水孔流量测量技术[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(4):42-48,21.
[7] 刘福水,闵祥芬,樊丰,等.柴油机冷却水套的优化设计方法[J].汽车工程,2014,36(6):728-733.
[8] 陈思南,薛冬新,周禛,等.某16缸中速柴油机冷却水系统分析与优化[J].内燃机工程,2015,36(4):133-139.
[9] 陈铄,苏中地,林景殿.气体涡轮流量计流道压力损失的数值模拟[J].中国计量学院学报,2015,26(2):134-139.
[10] CHEN X Q,YU X L,LU Y J,et al.Study of different cooling structures on the thermal status of an internal combustion engine[J].Applied Thermal Engineering,2017,116:419-432.