炼化VOCs控制标准中氧浓度折算问题分析和建议
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摘要
GB31570,GB31571和GB31572等3项标准中焚烧类有机废气排放口污染物浓度计算引入基准氧浓度折算,是为了防止通过空气稀释实现污染物达标排放。废气处理装置是否属于焚烧类装置且进行基准氧浓度折算对其净化气能否达标排放影响很大。目前,各省市环保执法部门基本将GB31570等3项标准中的焚烧类技术解读为焚烧炉或工艺加热炉、锅炉,不包括催化氧化(或催化燃烧)、蓄热氧化(RTO)等技术,因此,企业在将挥发性有机物(VOCs)废气送工艺加热炉、锅炉处理时,要注意VOCs的燃尽率和氧浓度折算问题。在对标准解读出现争议时,由生态环境部解释。建议在对GB31570等3项标准修订时,焚烧法、非焚烧法要求一致,只要没有人为稀释就不必按基准氧浓度进行折算。
In the Emission Standards of GB31570,GB31571 and GB31572,the conversion of reference oxygen content was introduced into the calculation of pollutant concentration in incineration organic exhaust gas outlet in order to prevent the up-to-standard emission of pollutants by air dilution.Whether or not the exhaust gas treatment device is included in the incineration device and the reference oxygen content is converted has a great influence on the standard emission of its purified gas.At present,the environmental protection law enforcement departments at province or city level basically interprets incineration technology in the three Standards as incinerator or process heating furnace and boiler,excluding Catalytic Oxidation(or Catalytic Combustion) and Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer(RTO).Therefore,the refinery/petrochemical enterprises should address the issues of burnout rate of VOCs and conversion of oxygen concentration when sending VOCs exhaust gas into heating furnace and boiler to dispose.Any dispute over understanding of the Standards will be subject to the interpretation from Ministry of Ecology and Environment.It is suggested that when the three Standards including GB31570 are revised,the incineration method should be required in accordance with the non-incineration method and needs not to be converted to the reference oxygen concentration,provided there is no deliberate air dilution.
In the Emission Standards of GB31570,GB31571 and GB31572,the conversion of reference oxygen content was introduced into the calculation of pollutant concentration in incineration organic exhaust gas outlet in order to prevent the up-to-standard emission of pollutants by air dilution.Whether or not the exhaust gas treatment device is included in the incineration device and the reference oxygen content is converted has a great influence on the standard emission of its purified gas.At present,the environmental protection law enforcement departments at province or city level basically interprets incineration technology in the three Standards as incinerator or process heating furnace and boiler,excluding Catalytic Oxidation(or Catalytic Combustion) and Regenerative Thermal Oxidizer(RTO).Therefore,the refinery/petrochemical enterprises should address the issues of burnout rate of VOCs and conversion of oxygen concentration when sending VOCs exhaust gas into heating furnace and boiler to dispose.Any dispute over understanding of the Standards will be subject to the interpretation from Ministry of Ecology and Environment.It is suggested that when the three Standards including GB31570 are revised,the incineration method should be required in accordance with the non-incineration method and needs not to be converted to the reference oxygen concentration,provided there is no deliberate air dilution.
引文
[1]抚顺石油化工研究院,中国环境科学研究院.GB31570-2015石油炼制工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2015.
[2]抚顺石油化工研究院,中国环境科学研究院.GB31571-2015石油化学工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2015.
[3]中国石油和化工勘察设计协会环境保护设计专业委员会,中国天辰工程有限公司,中蓝连海设计研究院.GB31572-2015合成树脂工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2015.
[4]天津市环境保护科学研究院.DB12/524-2014工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准[S].2014.
[5]北京市环境保护科学研究院,环境保护部环境标准研究所,北京飞燕石化环保技术发展有限公司.DB11/447-2015炼油与石油化学工业大气污染物排放标准[S].2015.
[6]河北省环境科学研究院,河北环境工程技术中心.DB13/2322-2016工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准[S].2016.
[7]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Parts 60,Subpart QQQ-Standards of Performance for VOC Emissions From Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Systems[S].
[8]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part63, Subpart R–national emission standards for gasoline distribution facilities(Bulk gasoline terminals and pipeline breakout stations):proposed rule[S]. Federal Register,1994,12(14):63420-63429.
[9]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 60,Subpart Kb–Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels(Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels)for WhichConstruction,Reconstruction,or Modification Commenced After July 23,1984[S].
[10]张国宁,郝郑平,江梅,等.国外固定源VOCs排放控制法规与标准研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(12):3501-3508.
[2]抚顺石油化工研究院,中国环境科学研究院.GB31571-2015石油化学工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2015.
[3]中国石油和化工勘察设计协会环境保护设计专业委员会,中国天辰工程有限公司,中蓝连海设计研究院.GB31572-2015合成树脂工业污染物排放标准[S].北京:中国环境科学出版社,2015.
[4]天津市环境保护科学研究院.DB12/524-2014工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准[S].2014.
[5]北京市环境保护科学研究院,环境保护部环境标准研究所,北京飞燕石化环保技术发展有限公司.DB11/447-2015炼油与石油化学工业大气污染物排放标准[S].2015.
[6]河北省环境科学研究院,河北环境工程技术中心.DB13/2322-2016工业企业挥发性有机物排放控制标准[S].2016.
[7]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Parts 60,Subpart QQQ-Standards of Performance for VOC Emissions From Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Systems[S].
[8]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part63, Subpart R–national emission standards for gasoline distribution facilities(Bulk gasoline terminals and pipeline breakout stations):proposed rule[S]. Federal Register,1994,12(14):63420-63429.
[9]U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 40 CFR Part 60,Subpart Kb–Standards of Performance for Volatile Organic Liquid Storage Vessels(Including Petroleum Liquid Storage Vessels)for WhichConstruction,Reconstruction,or Modification Commenced After July 23,1984[S].
[10]张国宁,郝郑平,江梅,等.国外固定源VOCs排放控制法规与标准研究[J].环境科学,2011,32(12):3501-3508.