爆炸气泡帷幕对水中冲击波能量的衰减特性
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摘要
在传统气泡帷幕减震技术的基础上,提出了爆炸气泡帷幕削能新理念,并对爆炸气泡帷幕削能设想进行了实验研究,发现在本实验条件下爆炸气泡帷幕能有效衰减冲击波峰值压力,且衰减量高达60%,对冲击波比冲量的衰减高达62.2%;采用小波包分解技术对爆炸气泡帷幕的削能效果进行评判,发现爆炸气泡帷幕对各频段的冲击波能量衰减效果明显,绝大部分频段的能量衰减都在50%以上;爆炸气泡帷幕能够有效消除水下爆炸冲击波的高频部分,爆炸冲击波通过爆炸气泡帷幕后只有低频成分,且低频成分能量大大削弱。
Based on the traditional shock absorption technology of air bubbles curtain,a new energy attenuation idea about air bubbles curtain generated by blasting was put forward. According to the conditions in the paper,the experiment was carried on to test this energy attenuation idea. Results showed that the explosion air bubbles curtain can reduce the peak pressure of shock wave,and the signal attenuation is as high as 60%,the specific impulse of shock wave by 62. 2%. When wavelet packet decomposition technique is adopted to judge the attenuate effect of explosion air bubbles curtain,it can be concluded that explosion air bubbles curtain can attenuate different frequency shock wave effectively. Most shock waves of different frequency can be attenuated by more than 50%. Explosion air bubbles curtain can eliminate the high frequency part of the underwater explosion shock wave effectively. Only the low frequency part can pass the explosion air bubbles curtain,but the energy of it can be also weakened greatly.
Based on the traditional shock absorption technology of air bubbles curtain,a new energy attenuation idea about air bubbles curtain generated by blasting was put forward. According to the conditions in the paper,the experiment was carried on to test this energy attenuation idea. Results showed that the explosion air bubbles curtain can reduce the peak pressure of shock wave,and the signal attenuation is as high as 60%,the specific impulse of shock wave by 62. 2%. When wavelet packet decomposition technique is adopted to judge the attenuate effect of explosion air bubbles curtain,it can be concluded that explosion air bubbles curtain can attenuate different frequency shock wave effectively. Most shock waves of different frequency can be attenuated by more than 50%. Explosion air bubbles curtain can eliminate the high frequency part of the underwater explosion shock wave effectively. Only the low frequency part can pass the explosion air bubbles curtain,but the energy of it can be also weakened greatly.
引文
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[2]伍俊,庄铁栓,闫鹏,等.水中爆炸实验装置结构设计与防护研究[J].振动与冲击,2013,32(11):131-136.WU Jun,ZHUANG Tie-shuan,YAN Peng,et al.Structural design of a test facility for underwater explosion and its protection measure to reduce shock wave[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2013,32(11):131-136.
[3]贾虎,沈兆武.空气隔层对水中冲击波的衰减特性[J].爆炸与冲击,2012,32(1):61-66.JIA Hu,SHEN Zhao-wu.An investigation into attenuation of underwater shock wave by air interlayer[J].Explosion and Shock Waves,2012,31(1):61-66.
[4]张志波,李春军,李红勇,等.气泡帷幕在水下爆破减震工程中的应用[J].爆破,2003,20(2):75-76.ZHANG Zhi-bo,LI Chun-jun,LI Hong-yong,et al.Application of air bubble purdah in the damping measure in the underwater blasting[J].Blasting,2003,20(2):75-76.
[5]Mitsui S,Sasaki N.Some experiments on the shock wave pressure generated by underwater explosions[J].Journal of the Industrial Explosions Society,1972,33(6):365-376.
[6]张文煊,刘美山.大型水电站围堰及岩坎爆破拆除中的安全防护问题研究[J].工程爆破,2008,14(4):76-81.ZHANG Wen-xuan,LIU Mei-shan.Research on safety protection problems in blasting demolition of cofferdam and rock ridge of large hydropower station[J].Engineering Blasting,2008,14(4):76-81.
[7]汪斌,张光升,高宁,等.高速摄影技术在水下爆炸气泡脉动研究中的应用[J].含能材料,2010,18(1):102-106.WANG Bin,ZHANG Guang-sheng,GAO Ning,et al.Application of high speed photography in bubble oscillation at underwater explosion[J].Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials(Hanneng Cailiao),2010,18(1):102-106.
[8]张阿漫,汪玉,闻雪友,等.水下爆炸气泡动态特性研究综述[J].船舶力学,2009,13(5):828-840.ZHANG A-man,WANG Yu,WEN Xue-you,et al.Review of the dynamics of the underwater explosion bubble[J].Journal of Ship Mechanics,2009,13(5):828-840.
[9]王礼立.应力波基础[M].北京:国防工业出版社(第2版),2005:39-60.WANG Li-li.Foundation of stress waves[M].Beijing:Naional Defense Industry Press(Second Edition),2005:39-60.
[10]贾虎.纤维爆炸索水下爆炸特性与应用研究[D].合肥:中国科学技术大学,2011:52-55.JIA Hu.Research on underwater explosion characteristics and applications of fiber detonating fuse[D].Hefei:University of Science and Technology of China,2011:52-55.