新疆天山大气桦木花粉与气象因子的相关分析
|
摘要
大气花粉的运移和沉降与各地的气象因子间存在着密切的联系.通过在新疆中天山地区处于不同植被带的3个研究点(新疆天池气象站、阜康荒漠生态系统定位站及北沙窝草炭试验站)安装花粉收集器,进行了长达5年(2001年7月～2006年7月)的大气中桦木属花粉的监测,目的是为了探讨桦木属花粉的数量变化和时空分布动态特征,以及与各个气象因子之间的响应关系.研究结果表明:(1)桦木属花粉组合与植物的花期相对应,具有季节性变化.在2003年, 3个研究点的桦木属花粉浓度都最低,可能与2003年年平均温度降低有关,低温致使花粉减产.(2)由桦木属花粉含量与主要气象因子的相关分析得出,天池研究点和阜康研究点的年平均温度高低直接影响着桦木属花粉浓度大小,年平均降水和日照时数则在不同地区表现出相反的影响,风速和风向对桦木属花粉的散布有一定影响.(3)新疆天池地区大气中桦木属花粉的产量能反映其植物分布情况;而中天山地区一些表土和全新世地层中的桦木属花粉含量偏高,应能直接表明其古植被中的植物区系成分的组成,且与全新世气候变化及人类活动的影响密切相关.该项研究有助于新疆地区古气候重建、大气环境监测和生态文明建设.
Studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the transport and deposition of airborne pollen and meteorological factors. The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative changes in airborne Betula pollen, its spatial and temporal distribution dynamics, and its response to meteorological factors. In order to do this, we installed three sets of Cour airborne pollen traps at Xinjiang Tianchi Meteorological Station, Fukang Ecological Positioning Station, and Beishawo Experimental Station, which are located in areas of different vegetation types in the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China, to monitor airborne Betula pollen data for approximately 5 years(July 2001 to July 2006).Our results showed that:(1) The 5-year average airborne pollen dataset showed variation in the dynamics of Betula pollen at different sites. At the Tianchi research site Betula pollen appeared in late April and reached its peak after 2 weeks,in early May, then decreased rapidly. The peak value of Betula pollen at Fukang research site also occurred in early May,and then slowly decreased. At Beishawo research site, it reached its peak value in mid-May, and slowly fell after a week. In autumn, some Betula pollen may remain on trees or on the soil surface, having been blown there by the wind. However, the pollen concentration in winter was extremely low, almost zero. The diversity and abundance of different Betula species present in the pollen dataset corresponded to the flowering periods of different species and varied with season. Over these5 years, the peak period of Betula pollen has advanced year by year. The flowering phenology of birch plants has also advanced year by year during these 5 years, likely owing to the increasing annual average temperature. Across the three research sites, the concentration of airborne Betula pollen decreased to its lowest level in 2003, which had the lowest annual average temperature. This suggests that airborne Betula pollen production decreased because of lower temperatures.(2)According to the results of a Pearson correlation analysis, the relationship between the airborne Betula pollen content and meteorological factors was significant in Tianchi, but not in Fukang. It was closely related to the distribution and ecological habits of Betula trees. The average annual temperature of Tianchi and Fukang research sites directly affected the pollen concentration of airborne Betula pollen. However, the average annual precipitation showed an opposite correlation with Betula pollen concentration, which indicated that birch plants had different ecological adaptability. Precipitation was a limiting factor for birch plant growth in the Fukang area. Additionally, wind speed and direction also affected Betula pollen transportation to a certain extent.(3) In the Tianchi area, where birch trees are distributed, Betula pollen production can directly reflect the number of birch trees and the ecological environment. The high Betula content in some fossil pollen records from the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China also reflects the growth and distribution of birch plants, and is closely connected to Holocene climate change and human activities.Therefore, this research on 5-year average airborne pollen dataset from Xinjiang Tianchi Meteorological Station, Fukang Ecological Positioning Station, and Beishawo Experimental Station in the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China is helpful for the study of fossil and topsoil Betula pollen in the central Tianshan Mountains, and the construction of an ecological civilization in Xinjiang.
Studies have shown that there is a close relationship between the transport and deposition of airborne pollen and meteorological factors. The aim of this study was to investigate quantitative changes in airborne Betula pollen, its spatial and temporal distribution dynamics, and its response to meteorological factors. In order to do this, we installed three sets of Cour airborne pollen traps at Xinjiang Tianchi Meteorological Station, Fukang Ecological Positioning Station, and Beishawo Experimental Station, which are located in areas of different vegetation types in the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China, to monitor airborne Betula pollen data for approximately 5 years(July 2001 to July 2006).Our results showed that:(1) The 5-year average airborne pollen dataset showed variation in the dynamics of Betula pollen at different sites. At the Tianchi research site Betula pollen appeared in late April and reached its peak after 2 weeks,in early May, then decreased rapidly. The peak value of Betula pollen at Fukang research site also occurred in early May,and then slowly decreased. At Beishawo research site, it reached its peak value in mid-May, and slowly fell after a week. In autumn, some Betula pollen may remain on trees or on the soil surface, having been blown there by the wind. However, the pollen concentration in winter was extremely low, almost zero. The diversity and abundance of different Betula species present in the pollen dataset corresponded to the flowering periods of different species and varied with season. Over these5 years, the peak period of Betula pollen has advanced year by year. The flowering phenology of birch plants has also advanced year by year during these 5 years, likely owing to the increasing annual average temperature. Across the three research sites, the concentration of airborne Betula pollen decreased to its lowest level in 2003, which had the lowest annual average temperature. This suggests that airborne Betula pollen production decreased because of lower temperatures.(2)According to the results of a Pearson correlation analysis, the relationship between the airborne Betula pollen content and meteorological factors was significant in Tianchi, but not in Fukang. It was closely related to the distribution and ecological habits of Betula trees. The average annual temperature of Tianchi and Fukang research sites directly affected the pollen concentration of airborne Betula pollen. However, the average annual precipitation showed an opposite correlation with Betula pollen concentration, which indicated that birch plants had different ecological adaptability. Precipitation was a limiting factor for birch plant growth in the Fukang area. Additionally, wind speed and direction also affected Betula pollen transportation to a certain extent.(3) In the Tianchi area, where birch trees are distributed, Betula pollen production can directly reflect the number of birch trees and the ecological environment. The high Betula content in some fossil pollen records from the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China also reflects the growth and distribution of birch plants, and is closely connected to Holocene climate change and human activities.Therefore, this research on 5-year average airborne pollen dataset from Xinjiang Tianchi Meteorological Station, Fukang Ecological Positioning Station, and Beishawo Experimental Station in the central Tianshan Mountains in northern Xinjiang of China is helpful for the study of fossil and topsoil Betula pollen in the central Tianshan Mountains, and the construction of an ecological civilization in Xinjiang.
引文
1 Kong Z C,Zhang Y,Wang L,et al.The past,present and future of palynology in China-Concentrate on Quaternary palynology(in Chinese).Chin Sci Bull,2018,63:164-171[孔昭宸,张芸,王力,等.中国孢粉学的过去、现在及未来--侧重第四纪孢粉学.科学通报,2018,63:164-171]
2 Chen Y,Ni J,Herzschuh U.Quantifying modern biomes based on surface pollen data in China.Glob Planet Change,2010,74:114-131
3 Xu Q,Tian F,Bunting M J,et al.Pollen source areas of lakes with inflowing rivers:Modern pollen influx data from Lake Baiyangdian,China.Quat Sci Rev,2012,37:81-91
4 Xu Q,Zhang S,Gaillard M,et al.Studies of modern pollen assemblages for pollen dispersal-deposition-preservation process understanding and for pollen-based reconstructions of past vegetation,climate,and human impact:A review based on case studies in China.Quat Sci Rev,2016,149:151-166
5 Li Y.Pollen-vegetation-climate relationship in some desert and steppe communities in Northern China.Quatern Int,2011,6:279-280
6 Li Y,Ge Y,Xu Q,et al.Airborne pollen assemblages and weather regime in the central-eastern Loess Plateau,China.Atmos Environ,2015,106:92-99
7 Li J,Li Y C,Zhang Z,et al.The dispersion characteristics of airborne pollen in the Shijiazhuang(China)urban area and its relationship with meteorological factors.Aerobiologia,2017,34:89-104
8 Pan Y,Yan S,Behling H,et al.Transport of airborne Picea schrenkiana pollen on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains(Xinjiang,China)and its implication for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.Aerobiologia,2013,29:161-173
9 Grewling L,Jackowiak B,Nowak M,et al.Variations and trends of birch pollen seasons during 15 years(1996-2010)in relation to weather conditions in Poznań(western Poland).Grana,1996,51:280-292
10 Li Y,Li Y C,LüS Q,et al.The dispersion of airborne pollen and its relationship with major climatic parameters in Shijiazhuang(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2014,34:1575-1586[李英,李月丛,吕素青,等.石家庄市空气花粉散布规律及与气候因子的关系.生态学报,2014,34:1575-1586]
11 Xue X L.Research on value system of mountain natural heritage-A case study of Xinjiang Tianshan(in Chinese).Doctor Dissertation.Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012[徐晓亮.山地自然遗产价值体系研究--以新疆天山为例.博士学位论文.北京:中国科学院大学,2012]
12 Chen J G,Yang Y,Sun H.Advances in the studies of responses of alpine plants to global warming(in Chinese).Chin J Apppl Environ Biol,2011,17:435-446[陈建国,杨扬,孙航.高山植物对全球气候变暖的响应研究进展.应用与环境生物学报,2011,17:435-446]
13 Jiang J M.The study of the geographical distribution of the Betula in China(in Chinese).For Res,1990,3:55-62[姜景民.中国桦木属植物地理分布的研究.林业科学研究,1990,3:55-62]
14 Fang J Y,Wang Z H,Tang Z Y.Atlas of Woody Plants in China.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2011.124-130
15 Huang G,Yan P,Du Z Z,et al.Inflorescence growth phenology and ecological adaptation of Betula microphylla(in Chinese).Acta Bot Bor-Occid Sin,2014,34:2569-2575[黄刚,阎平,杜珍珠,等.小叶桦花序生长物候及其生态适应意义.西北植物学报,2014,34:2569-2575]
16 Jean E,John M,Julie C,et al.The trend to earlier birch pollen seasons in the U.K.:A biotic response to changes in weather conditions?Grana,1997,36:29-33
17 Pan Y F,Yan S,Mu G J,et al.Changes in the concentrations of airborne Picea schrenkiana pollen in response to temperature changes in the Tianshan Mountain area(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2011,31:6999-7006[潘燕芳,阎顺,穆桂金,等.天山雪岭云杉大气花粉含量对气温变化的响应.生态学报,2011,31:6999-7006]
18 Robichaud A,Comtois P.Statistical modeling,forecasting and time series analysis of birch phenology in Montreal,Canada.Aerobiologia,2017,33:1-26
19 Li J L,Zhang S Q,Pu Z C,et al.Spatial-temporal variation of seasonal and annual air temperature in Xinjiang during 1961-2010(in Chinese).Arid Land Geogr,2013,36:228-237[李景林,张山清,普宗朝,等.近50 a新疆气温精细化时空变化分析.干旱区地理,2013,36:228-237]
20 Yang Z,Zhang Y,Ren H,et al.Altitudinal changes of surface pollen and vegetation on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains,China.JArid Land,2016,8:799-810
21 Liang N T,Fan K M,Wei Y B,et al.Analysis on low-temperature cold injury of rice in Miquan City in 2003(in Chinese).Xinjiang Agric Sci,2004,41:237-239[梁乃亭,樊康美,魏玉波,等.2003年米泉市水稻低温冷害原因分析.新疆农业科学,2004,41:237-239]
22 Sigmar B,Inez B.Altering airborne pollen concentrations due to the global warming:A comparative analysis of airborne pollen records from Innsbruck and Obergurgl(Austria)for the period 1980-2001.Grana,2005,44:172-180
23 Lu P L.Study of the response of main woody plant pheno1ogy to c1imate change in China(in Chinese).Doctor Dissertation.Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2006[陆佩玲.中国木本植物物候对气候变化的响应研究.博士学位论文.北京:北京林业大学,2006]
24 Zhang S,Xu Q,Gaillard M J,et al.Characteristic pollen source area and vertical pollen dispersal and deposition in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains,northeast China.Veget Hist Archaeobot,2016,25:29-43
25 Tseng Y T,Kawashima S,Kobayashi S,et al.Algorithm for forecasting the total amount of airborne birch pollen from meteorological conditions of previous years.Agric For Meteor,2018,249:35-43
26 Li Y,Liu Y,Ma L Y,et al.Spatial variation of the vegetation effected by climatic factors in the north slope of Tianshan Mountains(in Chinese).JArid Land Resour Environ,2011,25:91-95[李杨,刘艳,马丽云,等.天山北坡气候因子对植被影响的空间分异性研究.干旱区资源与环境,2011,25:91-95]
27 Huang G,Cao T,Yan P.Investigation on the survival status of Betula microphylla in the Moguhu Wetland of Shihezi city(in Chinese).Shihezi Sci Technol,2012,6:3-4[黄刚,曹婷,阎平.石河子蘑菇湖湿地小叶桦生存现状调查研究.石河子科技,2012,6:3-4]
28 Kizilpinar I,Civelek E,Tuncer A,et al.Pollen counts and their relationship to meteorological factors in Ankara,Turkey during 2005-2008.Int JBiometeorol,2005,55:623-631
29 Liu Y,Sun L,Lu Y H,et al.Correlation between airborne pollen dispersal and weather elements in urban district of Chengdu(in Chinese).Pract JClin Med,2014,11:235-238[刘艳,孙磊,路永红,等.成都市城区气传花粉飘散与气象要素的相关性研究.实用医院临床杂志,2014,11:235-238]
30 Xu J X,Li Y N,Zhang D S.Advances in the variation of atmospheric pollen and its forecasting study(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2009,29:3854-3863[徐景先,李耀宁,张德山.空气花粉变化规律和预测预报研究进展.生态学报,2009,29:3854-3863]
31 Xie S X,Ma L L,Liu Z G,et al.Correlation between airborne pollen dispersal and seven weather factors(in Chinese).J Clin Rehabil Tis Eng Res,2006,10:56-58[谢水祥,马廉兰,刘志刚,等.气传致敏花粉飘散与气象七要素的相关性.中国组织工程研究,2006,10:56-58]
32 Zhang S,Pu Z C,Li J.The spatial-temporal variation of sunshine duration in Xinjiang during 1961-2010(in Chinese).Acta Geogr Sin,2013,68:1481-1492[张山清,普宗朝,李景林.近50年新疆日照时数时空变化分析.地理学报,2013,68:1481-1492]
33 Zhang Y,Kong Z,Yan S,et al.Fluctuation of Picea timber-line and paleo-environment on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains during the late Holocene.Chin Sci Bull,2006,51:1747-1756
34 Yan S,Kong Z C,Yang Z J,et al.Seeking relationship between vegetation and Picea pollen in surface soils of Xinjiang,northwestern China(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2004,24:2017-2023[阎顺,孔昭宸,杨振京,等.新疆表土中云杉花粉与植被的关系.生态学报,2004,24:2017-2023]
35 Chou Y.Research on genetic diversity and taxonomic status of Betula microphylla Bunge var.Ebinurica natural populations(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Urumqi:Xinjiang University,2015[仇瑶.艾比湖桦自然居群遗传多样性及其分类地位研究.硕士学位论文.乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2015]
36 Mei X T.Tissue culture and evolutionary system analysis of endangered plant species-Betula halophila in Xingjiang(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Urumqi:Xinjiang University,2005[梅新娣.新疆濒危植物盐桦组织培养的研究与系统发育分析.硕士学位论文.乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2005]
37 Jia X,Huang T C,Liang Y,et al.Response of spatial distribution of Betula rotundifolia to temperature change in the Altai Mountains,Xinjiang(in Chinese).J Glaciol Geocryol,2016,38:1411-1416[贾翔,黄铁成,梁艳,等.新疆阿尔泰山圆叶桦空间分布对温度变化的响应.冰川冻土,2016,38:1411-1416]
38 Li Y,Nielsen A B,Zhao X,et al.Pollen production estimates(PPEs)and fall speeds for major tree taxa and relevant source areas of pollen(RSAP)in Changbai Mountain,northeastern China.Rev Palaeobot Palynol,2015,216:92-100
39 Luo C X,Zheng Z,Pan A D,et al.Spatial distribution of modern pollen in Xinjiang region(in Chinese).Sci Geogr Sin,2008,28:272-275[罗传秀,郑卓,潘安定,等.新疆地区表土孢粉空间分布规律研究.地理科学,2008,28:272-275]
40 Wu J,Ma Y Z,Sang Y L,et al.Quantitative reconstruction of paleovegetation and development R-value model:An application of R-value and ERV model in Xinglong Mountain natural protection region(in Chinese).Quat Sci,2013,33:554-564[伍婧,马玉贞,桑艳礼,等.古植被定量重建与R值模型的发展--R值和ERV模型在兴隆山地区的应用.第四纪研究,2013,33:554-564]
41 Cai Y,Wang Y,Jiang F C,et al.Relationship between the surface pollen and modern vegetation in ZoigêPlateau,northern Sichuan,China(in Chinese).Geol Bull China,2010,29:707-712[蔡遥,王燕,蒋复初,等.川北若尔盖高原表土孢粉的特征及其与现代植被的关系.地质通报,2010,29:707-712]
42 Li W Y.Quaternary Vegetation and Environment in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1998.2-30[李文漪.中国第四纪植被与环境.北京:科学出版社,1998.2-30]
43 Wu J,Ma Y Z,Sang Y L,et al.Representation of major pollen taxa from surface samples of Daluoshan Mountain,Ningxia(in Chinese).Acta Palaeontol Sin,2013,52:57-67[伍婧,马玉贞,桑艳礼,等.宁夏大罗山表土样品中主要花粉类型的代表性.古生物学报,2013,52:57-67]
44 Wang K F,Wang X Z.Introduction of Palynology(in Chinese).Beijing:Peking University Press,1983.19-20[王开发,王宪曾.孢粉学概论.北京:北京大学出版社,1983.19-20]
45 Li Y M.Pollen Assemblages and palaeoenvironment change in the typical wetland of north Xinjiang,China(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang University of Economics,2015[李玉梅.新疆北部地区典型湿地孢粉组合与古环境研究.硕士学位论文.石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2015]
46 Zhang H.Late Holocene climate change and anthropogenic activities in north Xinjiang-Evidence from the Caotanhu wetland in Shihezi city(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014[张卉.晚全新世以来新疆北部气候变化和人类活动的证据--以石河子草滩湖湿地为例.硕士学位论文.北京:中国科学院大学,2014]
1) 杨振京. 新疆天山中段北坡地区现代孢粉学研究. 中国科学院植物研究所博士后研究工作报告. 2004
2 Chen Y,Ni J,Herzschuh U.Quantifying modern biomes based on surface pollen data in China.Glob Planet Change,2010,74:114-131
3 Xu Q,Tian F,Bunting M J,et al.Pollen source areas of lakes with inflowing rivers:Modern pollen influx data from Lake Baiyangdian,China.Quat Sci Rev,2012,37:81-91
4 Xu Q,Zhang S,Gaillard M,et al.Studies of modern pollen assemblages for pollen dispersal-deposition-preservation process understanding and for pollen-based reconstructions of past vegetation,climate,and human impact:A review based on case studies in China.Quat Sci Rev,2016,149:151-166
5 Li Y.Pollen-vegetation-climate relationship in some desert and steppe communities in Northern China.Quatern Int,2011,6:279-280
6 Li Y,Ge Y,Xu Q,et al.Airborne pollen assemblages and weather regime in the central-eastern Loess Plateau,China.Atmos Environ,2015,106:92-99
7 Li J,Li Y C,Zhang Z,et al.The dispersion characteristics of airborne pollen in the Shijiazhuang(China)urban area and its relationship with meteorological factors.Aerobiologia,2017,34:89-104
8 Pan Y,Yan S,Behling H,et al.Transport of airborne Picea schrenkiana pollen on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains(Xinjiang,China)and its implication for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.Aerobiologia,2013,29:161-173
9 Grewling L,Jackowiak B,Nowak M,et al.Variations and trends of birch pollen seasons during 15 years(1996-2010)in relation to weather conditions in Poznań(western Poland).Grana,1996,51:280-292
10 Li Y,Li Y C,LüS Q,et al.The dispersion of airborne pollen and its relationship with major climatic parameters in Shijiazhuang(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2014,34:1575-1586[李英,李月丛,吕素青,等.石家庄市空气花粉散布规律及与气候因子的关系.生态学报,2014,34:1575-1586]
11 Xue X L.Research on value system of mountain natural heritage-A case study of Xinjiang Tianshan(in Chinese).Doctor Dissertation.Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2012[徐晓亮.山地自然遗产价值体系研究--以新疆天山为例.博士学位论文.北京:中国科学院大学,2012]
12 Chen J G,Yang Y,Sun H.Advances in the studies of responses of alpine plants to global warming(in Chinese).Chin J Apppl Environ Biol,2011,17:435-446[陈建国,杨扬,孙航.高山植物对全球气候变暖的响应研究进展.应用与环境生物学报,2011,17:435-446]
13 Jiang J M.The study of the geographical distribution of the Betula in China(in Chinese).For Res,1990,3:55-62[姜景民.中国桦木属植物地理分布的研究.林业科学研究,1990,3:55-62]
14 Fang J Y,Wang Z H,Tang Z Y.Atlas of Woody Plants in China.Beijing:Higher Education Press,2011.124-130
15 Huang G,Yan P,Du Z Z,et al.Inflorescence growth phenology and ecological adaptation of Betula microphylla(in Chinese).Acta Bot Bor-Occid Sin,2014,34:2569-2575[黄刚,阎平,杜珍珠,等.小叶桦花序生长物候及其生态适应意义.西北植物学报,2014,34:2569-2575]
16 Jean E,John M,Julie C,et al.The trend to earlier birch pollen seasons in the U.K.:A biotic response to changes in weather conditions?Grana,1997,36:29-33
17 Pan Y F,Yan S,Mu G J,et al.Changes in the concentrations of airborne Picea schrenkiana pollen in response to temperature changes in the Tianshan Mountain area(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2011,31:6999-7006[潘燕芳,阎顺,穆桂金,等.天山雪岭云杉大气花粉含量对气温变化的响应.生态学报,2011,31:6999-7006]
18 Robichaud A,Comtois P.Statistical modeling,forecasting and time series analysis of birch phenology in Montreal,Canada.Aerobiologia,2017,33:1-26
19 Li J L,Zhang S Q,Pu Z C,et al.Spatial-temporal variation of seasonal and annual air temperature in Xinjiang during 1961-2010(in Chinese).Arid Land Geogr,2013,36:228-237[李景林,张山清,普宗朝,等.近50 a新疆气温精细化时空变化分析.干旱区地理,2013,36:228-237]
20 Yang Z,Zhang Y,Ren H,et al.Altitudinal changes of surface pollen and vegetation on the north slope of the Middle Tianshan Mountains,China.JArid Land,2016,8:799-810
21 Liang N T,Fan K M,Wei Y B,et al.Analysis on low-temperature cold injury of rice in Miquan City in 2003(in Chinese).Xinjiang Agric Sci,2004,41:237-239[梁乃亭,樊康美,魏玉波,等.2003年米泉市水稻低温冷害原因分析.新疆农业科学,2004,41:237-239]
22 Sigmar B,Inez B.Altering airborne pollen concentrations due to the global warming:A comparative analysis of airborne pollen records from Innsbruck and Obergurgl(Austria)for the period 1980-2001.Grana,2005,44:172-180
23 Lu P L.Study of the response of main woody plant pheno1ogy to c1imate change in China(in Chinese).Doctor Dissertation.Beijing:Beijing Forestry University,2006[陆佩玲.中国木本植物物候对气候变化的响应研究.博士学位论文.北京:北京林业大学,2006]
24 Zhang S,Xu Q,Gaillard M J,et al.Characteristic pollen source area and vertical pollen dispersal and deposition in a mixed coniferous and deciduous broad-leaved woodland in the Changbai mountains,northeast China.Veget Hist Archaeobot,2016,25:29-43
25 Tseng Y T,Kawashima S,Kobayashi S,et al.Algorithm for forecasting the total amount of airborne birch pollen from meteorological conditions of previous years.Agric For Meteor,2018,249:35-43
26 Li Y,Liu Y,Ma L Y,et al.Spatial variation of the vegetation effected by climatic factors in the north slope of Tianshan Mountains(in Chinese).JArid Land Resour Environ,2011,25:91-95[李杨,刘艳,马丽云,等.天山北坡气候因子对植被影响的空间分异性研究.干旱区资源与环境,2011,25:91-95]
27 Huang G,Cao T,Yan P.Investigation on the survival status of Betula microphylla in the Moguhu Wetland of Shihezi city(in Chinese).Shihezi Sci Technol,2012,6:3-4[黄刚,曹婷,阎平.石河子蘑菇湖湿地小叶桦生存现状调查研究.石河子科技,2012,6:3-4]
28 Kizilpinar I,Civelek E,Tuncer A,et al.Pollen counts and their relationship to meteorological factors in Ankara,Turkey during 2005-2008.Int JBiometeorol,2005,55:623-631
29 Liu Y,Sun L,Lu Y H,et al.Correlation between airborne pollen dispersal and weather elements in urban district of Chengdu(in Chinese).Pract JClin Med,2014,11:235-238[刘艳,孙磊,路永红,等.成都市城区气传花粉飘散与气象要素的相关性研究.实用医院临床杂志,2014,11:235-238]
30 Xu J X,Li Y N,Zhang D S.Advances in the variation of atmospheric pollen and its forecasting study(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2009,29:3854-3863[徐景先,李耀宁,张德山.空气花粉变化规律和预测预报研究进展.生态学报,2009,29:3854-3863]
31 Xie S X,Ma L L,Liu Z G,et al.Correlation between airborne pollen dispersal and seven weather factors(in Chinese).J Clin Rehabil Tis Eng Res,2006,10:56-58[谢水祥,马廉兰,刘志刚,等.气传致敏花粉飘散与气象七要素的相关性.中国组织工程研究,2006,10:56-58]
32 Zhang S,Pu Z C,Li J.The spatial-temporal variation of sunshine duration in Xinjiang during 1961-2010(in Chinese).Acta Geogr Sin,2013,68:1481-1492[张山清,普宗朝,李景林.近50年新疆日照时数时空变化分析.地理学报,2013,68:1481-1492]
33 Zhang Y,Kong Z,Yan S,et al.Fluctuation of Picea timber-line and paleo-environment on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountains during the late Holocene.Chin Sci Bull,2006,51:1747-1756
34 Yan S,Kong Z C,Yang Z J,et al.Seeking relationship between vegetation and Picea pollen in surface soils of Xinjiang,northwestern China(in Chinese).Acta Ecol Sin,2004,24:2017-2023[阎顺,孔昭宸,杨振京,等.新疆表土中云杉花粉与植被的关系.生态学报,2004,24:2017-2023]
35 Chou Y.Research on genetic diversity and taxonomic status of Betula microphylla Bunge var.Ebinurica natural populations(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Urumqi:Xinjiang University,2015[仇瑶.艾比湖桦自然居群遗传多样性及其分类地位研究.硕士学位论文.乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2015]
36 Mei X T.Tissue culture and evolutionary system analysis of endangered plant species-Betula halophila in Xingjiang(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Urumqi:Xinjiang University,2005[梅新娣.新疆濒危植物盐桦组织培养的研究与系统发育分析.硕士学位论文.乌鲁木齐:新疆大学,2005]
37 Jia X,Huang T C,Liang Y,et al.Response of spatial distribution of Betula rotundifolia to temperature change in the Altai Mountains,Xinjiang(in Chinese).J Glaciol Geocryol,2016,38:1411-1416[贾翔,黄铁成,梁艳,等.新疆阿尔泰山圆叶桦空间分布对温度变化的响应.冰川冻土,2016,38:1411-1416]
38 Li Y,Nielsen A B,Zhao X,et al.Pollen production estimates(PPEs)and fall speeds for major tree taxa and relevant source areas of pollen(RSAP)in Changbai Mountain,northeastern China.Rev Palaeobot Palynol,2015,216:92-100
39 Luo C X,Zheng Z,Pan A D,et al.Spatial distribution of modern pollen in Xinjiang region(in Chinese).Sci Geogr Sin,2008,28:272-275[罗传秀,郑卓,潘安定,等.新疆地区表土孢粉空间分布规律研究.地理科学,2008,28:272-275]
40 Wu J,Ma Y Z,Sang Y L,et al.Quantitative reconstruction of paleovegetation and development R-value model:An application of R-value and ERV model in Xinglong Mountain natural protection region(in Chinese).Quat Sci,2013,33:554-564[伍婧,马玉贞,桑艳礼,等.古植被定量重建与R值模型的发展--R值和ERV模型在兴隆山地区的应用.第四纪研究,2013,33:554-564]
41 Cai Y,Wang Y,Jiang F C,et al.Relationship between the surface pollen and modern vegetation in ZoigêPlateau,northern Sichuan,China(in Chinese).Geol Bull China,2010,29:707-712[蔡遥,王燕,蒋复初,等.川北若尔盖高原表土孢粉的特征及其与现代植被的关系.地质通报,2010,29:707-712]
42 Li W Y.Quaternary Vegetation and Environment in China(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1998.2-30[李文漪.中国第四纪植被与环境.北京:科学出版社,1998.2-30]
43 Wu J,Ma Y Z,Sang Y L,et al.Representation of major pollen taxa from surface samples of Daluoshan Mountain,Ningxia(in Chinese).Acta Palaeontol Sin,2013,52:57-67[伍婧,马玉贞,桑艳礼,等.宁夏大罗山表土样品中主要花粉类型的代表性.古生物学报,2013,52:57-67]
44 Wang K F,Wang X Z.Introduction of Palynology(in Chinese).Beijing:Peking University Press,1983.19-20[王开发,王宪曾.孢粉学概论.北京:北京大学出版社,1983.19-20]
45 Li Y M.Pollen Assemblages and palaeoenvironment change in the typical wetland of north Xinjiang,China(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Shijiazhuang:Shijiazhuang University of Economics,2015[李玉梅.新疆北部地区典型湿地孢粉组合与古环境研究.硕士学位论文.石家庄:石家庄经济学院,2015]
46 Zhang H.Late Holocene climate change and anthropogenic activities in north Xinjiang-Evidence from the Caotanhu wetland in Shihezi city(in Chinese).Master Dissertation.Beijing:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2014[张卉.晚全新世以来新疆北部气候变化和人类活动的证据--以石河子草滩湖湿地为例.硕士学位论文.北京:中国科学院大学,2014]
1) 杨振京. 新疆天山中段北坡地区现代孢粉学研究. 中国科学院植物研究所博士后研究工作报告. 2004
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |