栾树花色素的提取及其稳定性研究
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摘要
对栾树花色素的提取溶剂及其稳定性进行研究.首先以不同溶剂提取栾树花色素并确定其最佳提取溶剂和最大吸收波长.然后分别改变pH、温度、食品添加剂、氧化还原剂和金属离子等因素,研究栾树花色素的稳定性.结果表明,用75%乙醇溶液提取得到的色素浓度最大;栾树花色素对酸相对稳定,对碱不稳定;温度对于栾树花色素基本无影响;柠檬酸对栾树花色素具有增色作用,淀粉使溶液颜色变浅;氧化剂和还原剂对栾树花色素有不同程度的影响,强氧化剂对栾树花色素影响较大,强还原剂对其影响不大;K~+、Pb~(2+)、Na~+、Fe~(3+)对栾树花色素影响较大,Mg~(2+)和Zn~(2+)影响较小.栾树花色素具有进一步开发成食用和药用色素的潜力.
The anthocyanin of Koelreuteria paniculatais extremely easy to dissolve in water.In this study,water,ligarine and ethanol solution with different concentrations were used to extract the anthocyanin from Koelreuteria paniculata,and 75% ethanol solution was found to perform best.The maximum absorbance of the anthocyanin was determined using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,and the factors of pH,temperature,food additives,redox agents,metal ions and illumination conditions were then individually changed to study their effectors on the stability of anthocyanin.It was relatively stable in acid but unstable in alkali,the temperature had no influence while citric acid had a color-enhancing effect on it,the starch made the color of the solution lighter,and oxidants and reducing agents have different effects on eucalyptus flower pigments.Strong oxidizing agents together with K~+,Pb~(2+),Na~+and Fe~(3+),had a greater influence on the anthocyanin.However,Mg~(2+),Zn~(2+)and strong reducing agents had less effect on it.
The anthocyanin of Koelreuteria paniculatais extremely easy to dissolve in water.In this study,water,ligarine and ethanol solution with different concentrations were used to extract the anthocyanin from Koelreuteria paniculata,and 75% ethanol solution was found to perform best.The maximum absorbance of the anthocyanin was determined using an ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer,and the factors of pH,temperature,food additives,redox agents,metal ions and illumination conditions were then individually changed to study their effectors on the stability of anthocyanin.It was relatively stable in acid but unstable in alkali,the temperature had no influence while citric acid had a color-enhancing effect on it,the starch made the color of the solution lighter,and oxidants and reducing agents have different effects on eucalyptus flower pigments.Strong oxidizing agents together with K~+,Pb~(2+),Na~+and Fe~(3+),had a greater influence on the anthocyanin.However,Mg~(2+),Zn~(2+)and strong reducing agents had less effect on it.
引文
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[2]李馨,姜卫兵,翁忙玲.栾树的园林特性及开发利用[J].中国农学通报,2009,25(1):141-146
[3]温广宇,朱文学.天然植物色素的提取与开发应用[J].河南科技大学学报,2003,23(2):68-74.
[4]李文茂.藏药材绿萝花主要活性成分的提取与研究[D].西宁:青海师范大学,2013.
[5]龙唐忠.桑椹色素的提取技术及其稳定性研究[D].长沙:湖南农业大学,2008.
[6]李守君.超临界流体CO2萃取枸杞子红色素的工艺条件研究[J].中国食品添加剂,2004(2):25-27.
[7]李敬芬,严贝贝.浙江安吉核桃壳天然棕色素提取及其稳定性研究[J].湖州师范学院学报,2016,38(8):70-74.
[8]王振宇,赵鑫.超声波提取大花葵色素的工艺研究[J].林产化学与工业,2003,23(2):65-67.
[9]李晓玲,陈相艳,王文亮,等.超微粉碎辅助超声-微波法提取玉米黄色素[J].中国食品学报,2014,14(8):99-107.
[10]任璐,张璐,鲍和,等.栾树花中香豆素类化合物研究[J].西北药学杂志,2012,27(1):13-15.