高低孔爆破处理高陡边坡的技术分析
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摘要
针对前期规划不当,大宝山露天矿877 m平台高陡边坡局部存在难以采用预裂爆破技术进行处理的情况,决定采用高低孔爆破处理技术。为了解决这一难题,首先分析了高低孔的相对内涵,并对高低孔孔深计算公式进行了简单推导,然后通过公式计算得到了高低孔的孔深。在施工阶段,为了确保低孔的实施效果,两排低孔分区域使用同段别毫秒延时雷管,晚于高孔起爆。实践表明,处理后的平台平整度良好,坡面较为稳定,对高陡边坡采用高低孔爆破处理具有可行性,效果较好,可为类似边坡处理提供新思路。
Due to improper planning in the early stage, partial high and steep slope of the 877 platform of Dabaoshan open-pit mine was hard to handle by pre-splitting blasting technology, so high and low hole blasting treatment measures were used. The relative connotation of high and low holes was analyzed, and the calculation formula of high and low hole depth was simply deduced, and the hole depth was obtained. In order to ensure the implementation of the low hole, the two rows of low holes zone division were detonated by the same millisecond deferred detonator, and later than the high-hole hole. The on-site program implementation effect showed that the high and low hole blasting could have a good effect on the high and steep slopes, the flatness and stability of the processed platform was better, which could provide a new idea for similar slope treatment.
Due to improper planning in the early stage, partial high and steep slope of the 877 platform of Dabaoshan open-pit mine was hard to handle by pre-splitting blasting technology, so high and low hole blasting treatment measures were used. The relative connotation of high and low holes was analyzed, and the calculation formula of high and low hole depth was simply deduced, and the hole depth was obtained. In order to ensure the implementation of the low hole, the two rows of low holes zone division were detonated by the same millisecond deferred detonator, and later than the high-hole hole. The on-site program implementation effect showed that the high and low hole blasting could have a good effect on the high and steep slopes, the flatness and stability of the processed platform was better, which could provide a new idea for similar slope treatment.
引文
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[2] 宋景辉,吴建圻,何以剑.爆破震动对露天矿边坡稳定性的影响分析[J].露天采矿技术,2014(7):10-12,16.SONG J H,WU J Q,HE Y J.The effect of blasting vibration on slope stability in open-pit mine[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(7):10-12,16.
[3] 曹兰柱,王珍,王东.边坡受爆破振动损伤及其稳定性分析[J].中国安全科学学报,2018,28(2):75-80.CAO L Z,WANG Z,WANG D.Law of blasting vibration damage and stability analysis to slope in open-pit mine[J].China Safety Science Journal,2018,28(2):75-80.
[4] 姜锐,蒲传金,肖定军,等.露天矿边坡爆破存在的问题及解决措施[J].化工矿物与加工,2015,44(6):44-47.JIANG R,PU C J,XIAO D J,et al.Existing problems in blasting of the open-pit slope and improvement measures[J].Industrial Minerals & Processing,2015,44(6):44-47.
[5] 贺顺吉.露天矿边坡控制爆破的安全技术[J].露天采矿技术,2014(5):77-79,85.HE S J.Safety technology of open-pit mine slope controlled blasting[J].Opencast Mining Technology,2014(5):77-79,85.
[6] 陈立强,杨风华.控制爆破技术在改善露天矿边坡稳定性的应用[J].工程爆破,2011,17(3):33-37,32.CHEN L Q,YANG F H.Application of controlled blasting technique in improving slope stability in the open-pit mine[J].Engineering Blasting,2011,17(3):33-37,32.
[7] 李建华.预裂爆破技术在大型露天矿山的应用[J].有色金属(矿山部分),2015,67(3):74-76,81.LI J H.Application of pre-blasting technology in large-scale open-pit mine[J].Nonferrous Metals(Mining Section),2015,67(3):74-76,81.
[8] 王和平,郭连军,张大宁,等.大孤山铁矿预裂爆破研究与应用[J].金属矿山,2015(10):18-23.WANG H P,GUO L J,ZHANG D N,et al.Application and research of pre-splitting blasting in Dagushan iron mine[J].Metal Mine,2015(10):18-23.
[9] 唐海,袁超,梁开水.基于神经网络的预裂爆破参数智能设计[J].工程爆破,2012,18(1):11-15.TANG H,YUAN C,LIANG K S.Intelligent design of parameters based on neural network in presplitting blasting[J].Engineering Blasting,2012,18(1):11-15.
[10] 刘晓明,祁茂富.安太堡矿赋存巷道端帮岩石松动爆破实践[J].工程爆破,2016,22(6):66-69.LIU X M,QI M F.Rock loose blasting practice near Antaibao coal mine occurrence roadway[J].Engineering Blasting,2016,22(6):66-69.
[11] 汪旭光.爆破设计与施工[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2013:247-257.WANG X G.Blasting design and construction[M].Beijing:Metallurgical Industry Press,2013:247-257.