不确定NNSB-OPTICS聚类算法在滑坡危险性预测中的研究与应用
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摘要
针对滑坡危险性预测中降雨等不确定因素不能有效刻画及处理和现有的OPTICS-PLUS聚类算法需要设置密度阈值、时间复杂度高等问题进行了研究,为了提高滑坡危险性预测准确率,提出一种不确定NNSB-OPTICS聚类算法并应用于滑坡预测中。首先对OPTICS-PLUS算法扩张策略进行优化,避免了人工设置密度阈值,提高了算法效率;然后根据降雨量数据的分布特征,综合EW型距离公式和云模型理论,提出EC型距离公式,有效处理不确定数据降雨量;最后将不确定NNSB-OPTICS聚类算法应用于延安市宝塔区滑坡危险性预测中,建立滑坡危险性预测模型,滑坡预测精度达到89. 7%。实验结果表明,该方法能够有效提高滑坡危险性预测精度,具有较高的可行性。
Since the rainfall and other uncertainties are difficult to obtain and effectively deal with in landslide hazard prediction,and the existence of setting density threshold and high time complexity in the OPTICS-PLUS algorithms,this paper proposed an uncertainty NNSB-OPTICS clustering and applied to landslide prediction in order to improve the prediction accuracy.Firstly,this algorithm optimized the expansion strategy of OPTICS-PLUS algorithm,which avoided the manual setting of density threshold and improved the efficiency of the algorithm. Then,according to the distribution characteristics of rainfall data,combined with EW distance formula and cloud model theory,this paper put forward EC distance formula,which could deal with the uncertain rainfall data effectively. Finally,this paper applied the uncertain NNSB-OPTICS clustering algorithm to predict landslide hazard in Baota district of Yan'an city and the landslide prediction accuracy reached into 87. 9%. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of landslide prediction and has high feasibility.
Since the rainfall and other uncertainties are difficult to obtain and effectively deal with in landslide hazard prediction,and the existence of setting density threshold and high time complexity in the OPTICS-PLUS algorithms,this paper proposed an uncertainty NNSB-OPTICS clustering and applied to landslide prediction in order to improve the prediction accuracy.Firstly,this algorithm optimized the expansion strategy of OPTICS-PLUS algorithm,which avoided the manual setting of density threshold and improved the efficiency of the algorithm. Then,according to the distribution characteristics of rainfall data,combined with EW distance formula and cloud model theory,this paper put forward EC distance formula,which could deal with the uncertain rainfall data effectively. Finally,this paper applied the uncertain NNSB-OPTICS clustering algorithm to predict landslide hazard in Baota district of Yan'an city and the landslide prediction accuracy reached into 87. 9%. The experimental results show that this method can effectively improve the accuracy of landslide prediction and has high feasibility.
引文
[1]黄润秋. 20世纪以来中国的大型滑坡及其发生机制[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2007,26(3):434-454.(Huang Runqiu. Largescale landslides and their sliding mechanisms in China since the 20th century[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2007,26(3):434-454.)
[2]周涛,陆惠玲.数据挖掘中聚类算法研究进展[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(12):100-111.(Zhou Tao,Lu Huiling. Clustering algorithm research advances on data mining[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(12):100-111.)
[3] Gorsevski P V,Gessler P E,Jankowski P. A fuzzy K-means classification and a Bayesian approach for spatial prediction of landslide hazard[M]//Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis. Berlin:Springer,2010:653-684.
[4]胡凯衡,崔鹏,韩用顺,等.基于聚类和最大似然法的汶川灾区泥石流滑坡易发性评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(1):12-18.(Hu Kaiheng,Cui Peng,Han Yongshun,et al. Susceptiblity mapping of landslide and debris in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake by using cluster analysis and maximum likelihood classification methods[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(1):12-18.)
[5]桂蕾,殷坤龙,王佳佳.基于聚类分析的滑坡灾害危险性区划研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(1):100-105.(Gui Lei,Yin Kunlong,Wang Jiajia. Landslide hazard zonation based on cluster analysis[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2013,40(1):100-105.)
[6]张俊,殷坤龙,王佳佳,等.三峡库区万州区滑坡灾害易发性评价研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(2):284-296.(Zhang Jun,Yin Kunlong,Wang Jiajia,et al. Evaluation of landslide susceptibility for Wanzhou district of three gorges reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(2):284-296.)
[7] Wang Xianmin,Niu Ruiqing. Landslide prediction in three gorges based on cloud model and data field[C]//Proc of International Symposium on Computer Network and Multimedia Technology. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2009:1-4.
[8] Wan Shiuan. Entropy-based particle swarm optimization with clustering analysis on landslide susceptibility mapping[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(5):1349-1366.
[9]曾依灵,许洪波,白硕.改进的OPTICS算法及其在文本聚类中的应用[J].中文信息学报,2008,22(1):51-55,60.(Zeng Yiling,Xu Hongbo,Bai Shuo. OPTICS-plus for text clustering[J].Journal of Chinese Information Processing,2008,22(1):51-55,60.)
[10]包玉娥,彭晓芹,赵博.基于期望值与宽度的区间数距离及其完备性[J].模糊系统与数学,2013,27(6):133-139.(Bao Yu’e,Peng Xiaoqin,Zhao Bo. The interval number distance and completeness based on the expectation and width[J]. Fuzzy Systems and Mathematics,2013,27(6):133-139.)
[11]李德毅,刘常昱.论正态云模型的普适性[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(8):28-34.(Li Deyi,Liu Changyu. Study on the universality of the normal cloud model[J]. Engineering Science,2004,6(8):28-34.)
[12]Ankerst M,Breunig M M,Kriegel H P,et al. OPTICS:ordering points to identify the clustering structure[C]//Proc of International Conference on Management of Data and Symposium on Principles of Database Systems. New York:ACM Press,1999:49-60.
[13] Zhang Qiang,Wang Xuwen,Wang Xiaojie. An OPTICS clusteringbased anomalous data filtering algorithm for condition monitoring of power equipment[C]//Proc of the 3rd ECML PKDD Workshop on Data Analytics for Renewable Energy Integration. Berlin:SpringerVerlag,2015:123-134.
[14]侯荣涛,路郁,王琴,等. OPTICS算法在雷电临近预报中的应用[J].计算机应用,2014,34(1):297-301.(Hou Rongtao,Lu Yu,Wang Qin,et al. Application of OPTICS to lightning nowcasting[J]. Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(1):297-301.)
[15]毛伊敏,彭喆,陈志刚,等.基于不确定决策树分类算法在滑坡危险性预测的应用[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(12):3646-3650.(Mao Yimin,Peng Zhe,Chen Zhigang,et al. Landslide hazard assessment based on uncertain decision tree classification method[J].Application Research of Computers,2014,31(12):3646-3650.)
[16]刘卫明,高晓东,毛伊敏,等.不确定遗传神经网络在滑坡危险性预测中的研究与应用[J].计算机工程,2017,43(2):308-316.(Liu Weiming,Gao Xiaodong,Mao Yimin,et al. Research and application of uncertain genetic neural network in landslide hazard prediction[J]. Computer Engineering,2017,43(2):308-316.)
[17]于少伟,史忠科.基于正态分布区间数的逆向云新算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(10):2021-2026.(Yu Shaowei,Shi Zhongke. New algorithm of backward cloud based on normal interval number[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2011,31(10):2021-2026.)
[18]Alzaalan M E,Aldahdooh R T,Ashour W. EOPTICS:enhancement ordering points to identify the clustering structure[J]. International Journal of Computer Applications,2012,40(17):975-980.
[19]Brecheisen S,Kriegel H P,Kroger P,et al. Density-based data analysis and similarity search[M]//Multimedia Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. London:Springer,2007:94-115.
[20]Yeon Y K,Han J G,Ryu K H. Landslide susceptibility mapping in Injae,Korea,using a decision tree[J]. Engineering Geology,2010,116(3-4):274-283.
[21]Guzzetti F,Carrara A,Cardinali M,et al. Landslide hazard evaluation:a review of current techniques and their application in a multiscale study,Central Italy[J]. Geomorphology,1999,31(1-4):181-216.
[22]许文宁,王鹏新,韩萍,等. Kappa系数在干旱预测模型精度评价中的应用——以关中平原的干旱预测为例[J].自然灾害学报,2011,20(6):81-86.(Xu Wenning,Wang Pengxin,Han Ping,et al. Application of Kappa coefficient to accuracy assessments of drought forecasting model:a case study of Guanzhong Plain[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2011,20(6):81-86.)
[23]高华喜,殷坤龙.降雨与滑坡灾害相关性分析及预警预报阈值之探讨[J].岩土力学,2007,28(5):1056-1060.(Gao Huaxi,Yin Kunlong. Discuss on the correlations between landslides and rainfall and threshold for landslide early-warning and prediction[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(5):1056-1060.)
[24]Sabokbar H F,Roodposhti M S,Tazik E. Landslide susceptibility mapping using geographically-weighted principal component analysis[J]. Geomorphology,2014,226(12):15-24.
[2]周涛,陆惠玲.数据挖掘中聚类算法研究进展[J].计算机工程与应用,2012,48(12):100-111.(Zhou Tao,Lu Huiling. Clustering algorithm research advances on data mining[J]. Computer Engineering and Applications,2012,48(12):100-111.)
[3] Gorsevski P V,Gessler P E,Jankowski P. A fuzzy K-means classification and a Bayesian approach for spatial prediction of landslide hazard[M]//Handbook of Applied Spatial Analysis. Berlin:Springer,2010:653-684.
[4]胡凯衡,崔鹏,韩用顺,等.基于聚类和最大似然法的汶川灾区泥石流滑坡易发性评价[J].中国水土保持科学,2012,10(1):12-18.(Hu Kaiheng,Cui Peng,Han Yongshun,et al. Susceptiblity mapping of landslide and debris in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake by using cluster analysis and maximum likelihood classification methods[J]. Science of Soil and Water Conservation,2012,10(1):12-18.)
[5]桂蕾,殷坤龙,王佳佳.基于聚类分析的滑坡灾害危险性区划研究[J].水文地质工程地质,2013,40(1):100-105.(Gui Lei,Yin Kunlong,Wang Jiajia. Landslide hazard zonation based on cluster analysis[J]. Hydrogeology&Engineering Geology,2013,40(1):100-105.)
[6]张俊,殷坤龙,王佳佳,等.三峡库区万州区滑坡灾害易发性评价研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(2):284-296.(Zhang Jun,Yin Kunlong,Wang Jiajia,et al. Evaluation of landslide susceptibility for Wanzhou district of three gorges reservoir[J]. Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(2):284-296.)
[7] Wang Xianmin,Niu Ruiqing. Landslide prediction in three gorges based on cloud model and data field[C]//Proc of International Symposium on Computer Network and Multimedia Technology. Piscataway,NJ:IEEE Press,2009:1-4.
[8] Wan Shiuan. Entropy-based particle swarm optimization with clustering analysis on landslide susceptibility mapping[J]. Environmental Earth Sciences,2013,68(5):1349-1366.
[9]曾依灵,许洪波,白硕.改进的OPTICS算法及其在文本聚类中的应用[J].中文信息学报,2008,22(1):51-55,60.(Zeng Yiling,Xu Hongbo,Bai Shuo. OPTICS-plus for text clustering[J].Journal of Chinese Information Processing,2008,22(1):51-55,60.)
[10]包玉娥,彭晓芹,赵博.基于期望值与宽度的区间数距离及其完备性[J].模糊系统与数学,2013,27(6):133-139.(Bao Yu’e,Peng Xiaoqin,Zhao Bo. The interval number distance and completeness based on the expectation and width[J]. Fuzzy Systems and Mathematics,2013,27(6):133-139.)
[11]李德毅,刘常昱.论正态云模型的普适性[J].中国工程科学,2004,6(8):28-34.(Li Deyi,Liu Changyu. Study on the universality of the normal cloud model[J]. Engineering Science,2004,6(8):28-34.)
[12]Ankerst M,Breunig M M,Kriegel H P,et al. OPTICS:ordering points to identify the clustering structure[C]//Proc of International Conference on Management of Data and Symposium on Principles of Database Systems. New York:ACM Press,1999:49-60.
[13] Zhang Qiang,Wang Xuwen,Wang Xiaojie. An OPTICS clusteringbased anomalous data filtering algorithm for condition monitoring of power equipment[C]//Proc of the 3rd ECML PKDD Workshop on Data Analytics for Renewable Energy Integration. Berlin:SpringerVerlag,2015:123-134.
[14]侯荣涛,路郁,王琴,等. OPTICS算法在雷电临近预报中的应用[J].计算机应用,2014,34(1):297-301.(Hou Rongtao,Lu Yu,Wang Qin,et al. Application of OPTICS to lightning nowcasting[J]. Journal of Computer Applications,2014,34(1):297-301.)
[15]毛伊敏,彭喆,陈志刚,等.基于不确定决策树分类算法在滑坡危险性预测的应用[J].计算机应用研究,2014,31(12):3646-3650.(Mao Yimin,Peng Zhe,Chen Zhigang,et al. Landslide hazard assessment based on uncertain decision tree classification method[J].Application Research of Computers,2014,31(12):3646-3650.)
[16]刘卫明,高晓东,毛伊敏,等.不确定遗传神经网络在滑坡危险性预测中的研究与应用[J].计算机工程,2017,43(2):308-316.(Liu Weiming,Gao Xiaodong,Mao Yimin,et al. Research and application of uncertain genetic neural network in landslide hazard prediction[J]. Computer Engineering,2017,43(2):308-316.)
[17]于少伟,史忠科.基于正态分布区间数的逆向云新算法[J].系统工程理论与实践,2011,31(10):2021-2026.(Yu Shaowei,Shi Zhongke. New algorithm of backward cloud based on normal interval number[J]. Systems Engineering-Theory&Practice,2011,31(10):2021-2026.)
[18]Alzaalan M E,Aldahdooh R T,Ashour W. EOPTICS:enhancement ordering points to identify the clustering structure[J]. International Journal of Computer Applications,2012,40(17):975-980.
[19]Brecheisen S,Kriegel H P,Kroger P,et al. Density-based data analysis and similarity search[M]//Multimedia Data Mining and Knowledge Discovery. London:Springer,2007:94-115.
[20]Yeon Y K,Han J G,Ryu K H. Landslide susceptibility mapping in Injae,Korea,using a decision tree[J]. Engineering Geology,2010,116(3-4):274-283.
[21]Guzzetti F,Carrara A,Cardinali M,et al. Landslide hazard evaluation:a review of current techniques and their application in a multiscale study,Central Italy[J]. Geomorphology,1999,31(1-4):181-216.
[22]许文宁,王鹏新,韩萍,等. Kappa系数在干旱预测模型精度评价中的应用——以关中平原的干旱预测为例[J].自然灾害学报,2011,20(6):81-86.(Xu Wenning,Wang Pengxin,Han Ping,et al. Application of Kappa coefficient to accuracy assessments of drought forecasting model:a case study of Guanzhong Plain[J]. Journal of Natural Disasters,2011,20(6):81-86.)
[23]高华喜,殷坤龙.降雨与滑坡灾害相关性分析及预警预报阈值之探讨[J].岩土力学,2007,28(5):1056-1060.(Gao Huaxi,Yin Kunlong. Discuss on the correlations between landslides and rainfall and threshold for landslide early-warning and prediction[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(5):1056-1060.)
[24]Sabokbar H F,Roodposhti M S,Tazik E. Landslide susceptibility mapping using geographically-weighted principal component analysis[J]. Geomorphology,2014,226(12):15-24.