作物根系分泌物对小麦种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响
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摘要
为了探讨不同前茬作物与小麦轮作的生化关系,以大豆、花生、玉米、甘薯为供试材料,以小麦为受体材料,研究了4种作物根系分泌物对小麦种子萌发、幼苗形态及生理指标的影响。结果表明,大豆、花生、玉米和甘薯根系分泌物对小麦种子萌发率、胚根长、株高、根长、叶绿素含量、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性均产生不同程度的影响,这4种作物根系分泌物对供试小麦的萌发率均表现出抑制作用,对小麦的胚根长、幼苗株高及根长则表现为低浓度促进、高浓度抑制的作用,且小麦幼苗的叶绿素含量整体上随着根系分泌物浓度的增加而降低。此外,小麦幼苗的POD、CAT活性总体上均随着根系分泌物浓度的增加而增加,大豆和甘薯根系分泌物处理下的MDA含量随着根系分泌物浓度的增加而降低。
In order to study the biochemical relationships between rotated crops( different crops-wheat rotation),evaluated the effects of 4 crops root exudates on wheat seed germination,seedling morphology and physiological indicators,in which soybean,peanut,corn and sweet potato were used as donor materials,and wheat was used as the acceptor material. The results showed that,the root exudates from soybean,peanut,corn and sweet potato have different effects on wheat seed germination rate,radicle length,plant height,root length,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde( MDA) content,superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD),and catalase( CAT) activities. The root exudates of these 4 crops showed an inhibitory effect on germination rate of the tested wheat. And it promoted radicle length,plant height and root length of the tested wheat in lower concentrations,while inhibited them in higher concentration. And the chlorophyll content of wheat seedlings decreased while the root exudates concentration increased. The activities of POD and CAT in wheat seedlings were increased with the increasment of root exudates concentration as a whole,while MDA content in wheat seedlings was decreased with the increasment of soybean and sweet potato root exudates concentration.
In order to study the biochemical relationships between rotated crops( different crops-wheat rotation),evaluated the effects of 4 crops root exudates on wheat seed germination,seedling morphology and physiological indicators,in which soybean,peanut,corn and sweet potato were used as donor materials,and wheat was used as the acceptor material. The results showed that,the root exudates from soybean,peanut,corn and sweet potato have different effects on wheat seed germination rate,radicle length,plant height,root length,chlorophyll content,malondialdehyde( MDA) content,superoxide dismutase( SOD),peroxidase( POD),and catalase( CAT) activities. The root exudates of these 4 crops showed an inhibitory effect on germination rate of the tested wheat. And it promoted radicle length,plant height and root length of the tested wheat in lower concentrations,while inhibited them in higher concentration. And the chlorophyll content of wheat seedlings decreased while the root exudates concentration increased. The activities of POD and CAT in wheat seedlings were increased with the increasment of root exudates concentration as a whole,while MDA content in wheat seedlings was decreased with the increasment of soybean and sweet potato root exudates concentration.
引文
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[17]张黛静,马建辉,杨淑芳,等.硅对铜胁迫下小麦幼根细胞超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2385-2389.
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[21]陈晓敏.测定切花中过氧化氢酶活性3种常用方法的比较[J].热带农业科学,2002(5):13-16.
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[24]张顺捷,马凤鸣,王玉波,等.大豆根系分泌物化感作用的初步研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(10):1-5.
[25]刘成,马凤鸣,吴蕾,等.重茬大豆根系分泌物的成分及化感作用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(22):11957-11959.
[26]刘跃鹏,席凯鹏,王慧杰,等.棉花秸秆水浸提液对生菜的化感效应[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1643-1645.
[27]朱润华,阳圣莹,白胜,等.红花酢浆草浸提液对3种蔬菜种子萌发的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(7):1106-1109.
[28]张金燕,孙雪婷,陈军文,等.连作三七根际土壤化感物质检测及其提取液对三种作物种子萌发的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1178-1184.
[29]李莉,金山,铁军.潞党参根系水提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(5):36-40.
[30]刘丹,陈鑫,李然红,等. Na Cl胁迫对软枣猕猴桃幼苗生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(7):31-35.
[31]陈鑫,李然红,刘丹,等. Na2CO3胁迫对狗枣猕猴桃幼苗生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江科技信息,2015(13):118-119.
[32]唐朝辉,刘苹,孙明,等.花生叶片淋溶液对花生种子发芽和幼苗生长发育的影响[J].江西农业学报,2013(11):36-38.
[33]陈芸,鲍丽芹,王继莲. 4种化感物质对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2014,33(7):10-14.
[34]孙备,沈樱,张雪,等.水稻化感品种根区土壤微生物群落反馈对伴生稗草的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(5):41-47.
[35]刘勇,刘燕,王星星,等.头花蓼好氧、厌氧腐解液的化感自毒作用[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(10):80-86.
[2]赵亮.浅议秸秆饲料研究与开发途径[J].科学种养,2016(3):189-190.
[3]刘娟,张俊,汤丰收,等.花生连作障碍与根系分泌物自毒作用的研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2015,31(30):101-105.
[4]董振国,林嵬.我国粮食安全面临严峻考验[N].经济参考报,2006-04-19(4).
[5]刘欣宇,霍姗姗,陈歆,等.植物根系分泌物的组成及分析方法研究进展[J].中国热带农业,2015(3):100-106,99.
[6] BAIS H P,WEIR T L,PERRY L G,et al. The role of root exudatesin rhizosphere interactions with plants and other organisms[J]. Annual Review of Plant Biology,2006,57(1):233-266.
[7]常二华,杨建昌.根系分泌物及其在植物生长中的作用[J].耕作与栽培,2006(5):13-16.
[8] BAIS H P,PARK S W,WEIR T L,et al. How plants communicate using the underground information superhighway[J]. Trends in Plant Science,2004,9(1):26-32.
[9]李汛,段增强.植物根系分泌物的研究方法[J].基因组学与应用生物学,2013,32(4):540-547.
[10]涂书新,吴佳.植物根系分泌物研究方法评述[J].生态环境学报,2010,19(9):2493-2500.
[11] ZHANG N,WANG D,LIU Y,et al. Effects of different plant root exudates and their organic acid components on chemotaxis,biofilm formation and colonization by beneficial rhizosphere-associated bacterial strains[J]. Plant&Soil,2014,374(1/2):689-700.
[12]翟争光,黄松青,栗广增,等.植物根系分泌物研究进展[J].江西农业学报,2012,24(12):28-32.
[13] ZHU W,LIU J,YE J,et al. Effects of phytotoxic extracts from peach root bark and benzoic acid on peach seedlings growth,photosynthesis,antioxidance and ultrastructure properties[J]. Scientia Horticulturae,2017,215:49-58.
[14]张豆豆,梁新华,王俊.植物根系分泌物研究综述[J].中国农学通报,2014,30(35):314-320.
[15]李翠萍.玉米、大豆根系分泌物对马铃薯块茎萌发和萌芽生长的化感效应[J].河南农业科学,2014,43(9):31-34.
[16]李彩凤,陈明,马凤鸣,等.甜菜根系分泌物对大豆化感作用研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2016,47(8):21-30.
[17]张黛静,马建辉,杨淑芳,等.硅对铜胁迫下小麦幼根细胞超微结构的影响[J].应用生态学报,2014,25(8):2385-2389.
[18] WILLIAMSON G B,RICHARDSON D. Bioassays for allelopathy:Measuring treatment responses with independent controls[J]. Journal of Chemical Ecology,1988,14(1):181-187.
[19]刘鸿先,曾韶西,王以柔.低温对不同耐寒力的黄瓜幼苗子叶各细胞器中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)的影响[J].植物生理学报,1981(1):48-57.
[20]李忠光,龚明.愈创木酚法测定植物过氧化物酶活性的改进[J].植物生理学报,2008,44(2):323-324.
[21]陈晓敏.测定切花中过氧化氢酶活性3种常用方法的比较[J].热带农业科学,2002(5):13-16.
[22]王学奎.植物生理生化试验原理和技术[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2006.
[23]牟金明,李万辉,张凤霞,等.根系分泌物及其作用[J].吉林农业大学学报,1996,18(4):114-118.
[24]张顺捷,马凤鸣,王玉波,等.大豆根系分泌物化感作用的初步研究[J].东北农业大学学报,2008,39(10):1-5.
[25]刘成,马凤鸣,吴蕾,等.重茬大豆根系分泌物的成分及化感作用研究[J].安徽农业科学,2010,38(22):11957-11959.
[26]刘跃鹏,席凯鹏,王慧杰,等.棉花秸秆水浸提液对生菜的化感效应[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(10):1643-1645.
[27]朱润华,阳圣莹,白胜,等.红花酢浆草浸提液对3种蔬菜种子萌发的影响[J].山西农业科学,2018,46(7):1106-1109.
[28]张金燕,孙雪婷,陈军文,等.连作三七根际土壤化感物质检测及其提取液对三种作物种子萌发的影响[J].南方农业学报,2017,48(7):1178-1184.
[29]李莉,金山,铁军.潞党参根系水提液对大豆种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(5):36-40.
[30]刘丹,陈鑫,李然红,等. Na Cl胁迫对软枣猕猴桃幼苗生长发育的影响[J].北方园艺,2017(7):31-35.
[31]陈鑫,李然红,刘丹,等. Na2CO3胁迫对狗枣猕猴桃幼苗生长发育的影响[J].黑龙江科技信息,2015(13):118-119.
[32]唐朝辉,刘苹,孙明,等.花生叶片淋溶液对花生种子发芽和幼苗生长发育的影响[J].江西农业学报,2013(11):36-38.
[33]陈芸,鲍丽芹,王继莲. 4种化感物质对玉米种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J].种子,2014,33(7):10-14.
[34]孙备,沈樱,张雪,等.水稻化感品种根区土壤微生物群落反馈对伴生稗草的影响[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(5):41-47.
[35]刘勇,刘燕,王星星,等.头花蓼好氧、厌氧腐解液的化感自毒作用[J].河南农业科学,2018,47(10):80-86.
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