霸县凹陷古近系层序格架下沉积充填响应过程分析
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摘要
陆相盆地构造-层序分析和层序格架下的沉积响应特征是当今的研究热点,也是岩性-地层油气勘探和老油田增储增产的有效方法和研究内容.本文立足覆盖霸县凹陷全区的连片三维地震资料,结合岩心、测井、古生物等资料,对古近系构造演化和层序格架下沉积充填进行了细致的分析.明确了霸县凹陷层序格架下构造-沉积充填响应过程并总结了演化模式,认为断陷湖盆构造演化通常具有幕式发育,多期旋回的特点,在湖盆沉积期形成了复杂的古地貌和多源多变的物源供给,构造古地貌与物源供给之间的时空组合控制了断陷盆地层序格架下的充填演化过程,决定了地层(砂体)充填样式.研究结果表明:依据断层组合及其演化特征将霸县凹陷古近系划分为3幕裂陷过程和6个演化阶段;通过"三相"分析古近系沉积相特征,确定了冲积-河流体系、三角洲体系、湖泊-滩坝体系、河流-洪泛平原4种类型;地震-地质相结合为手段,通过构造、层序、沉积及砂体连动分析,以牛驼镇中段充填演化为例将霸县凹陷古近系盆地充填过程总结为6种层序格架下的响应模式;霸县凹陷深层SQ2—SQ7是油气勘探的潜力层系,鄚州、岔河集及长丰镇物源口发育的三角洲前缘砂体,兴隆宫及高家堡等地区文安斜坡内带分布的大型盆底扇体,是下一阶段岩性-地层油气勘探的优势区域,断陷湖盆具有丰富的油气藏类型和岩性-地层领域勘探前景.
Being the hot spots of the present research,the tectonic sequence analysis and their sedimentary response under the sequence framework of the continental basin are also necessary approaches for lithologic-stratigraphic petroleum exploration and research focus for increasing reserves and productivity of maturing field.Based on the 3D seismic data in the Baxian sag,and combined with the data of core,well logging and paleontology,this paper analyzed the Paleogene tectonic evolution and the deposition and filling under the sequence framework of the Palaeogene.The tectonic sedimentary filling response process under the sequence framework of the sag was clarified and its evolution model was summarized.It is believed that the tectonic evolution of the faulted lake basin is characterized by multiple episodic cycles,which forms the complex palaeogeomorphology and the multiple and changeable provenance.The spatial-temporal combination between them controls the filling evolution and the stratigraphic(sandbody)structure style under the sequence framework of the basin.Results show that according to the characteristics of fault combination and evolution,the Paleogene in the Baxian sag can be divided into three episodes and six stages of evolution.Based on the analysis of the Paleogene sedimentary facies,four types of sedimentary system,including the sediment and river system,the delta system,the lake and beach bar system,and the river and flood plain system were identified.The filling process models of the Palaeogene basin in the middle section of Niutuozhen under the six sequence frameworks were summarized through the structure,sequence,deposition and sand body dynamic analysis.Furthermore,it is predicted that the SQ2 to SQ7layers in the Baxian sag are potential layers of oil and gas exploration,and delta front sand bodies in Maozhou,Chaheji and Changfengzhen provenance mouth,large basin floor fan in inner belts of Wenan slope in Xinglonggong Gaojiapu areas are favorable areas for lithologic-stratigraphic exploration.The faulted basin has a rich type of oil and gas reservoir and prospect for further research.
Being the hot spots of the present research,the tectonic sequence analysis and their sedimentary response under the sequence framework of the continental basin are also necessary approaches for lithologic-stratigraphic petroleum exploration and research focus for increasing reserves and productivity of maturing field.Based on the 3D seismic data in the Baxian sag,and combined with the data of core,well logging and paleontology,this paper analyzed the Paleogene tectonic evolution and the deposition and filling under the sequence framework of the Palaeogene.The tectonic sedimentary filling response process under the sequence framework of the sag was clarified and its evolution model was summarized.It is believed that the tectonic evolution of the faulted lake basin is characterized by multiple episodic cycles,which forms the complex palaeogeomorphology and the multiple and changeable provenance.The spatial-temporal combination between them controls the filling evolution and the stratigraphic(sandbody)structure style under the sequence framework of the basin.Results show that according to the characteristics of fault combination and evolution,the Paleogene in the Baxian sag can be divided into three episodes and six stages of evolution.Based on the analysis of the Paleogene sedimentary facies,four types of sedimentary system,including the sediment and river system,the delta system,the lake and beach bar system,and the river and flood plain system were identified.The filling process models of the Palaeogene basin in the middle section of Niutuozhen under the six sequence frameworks were summarized through the structure,sequence,deposition and sand body dynamic analysis.Furthermore,it is predicted that the SQ2 to SQ7layers in the Baxian sag are potential layers of oil and gas exploration,and delta front sand bodies in Maozhou,Chaheji and Changfengzhen provenance mouth,large basin floor fan in inner belts of Wenan slope in Xinglonggong Gaojiapu areas are favorable areas for lithologic-stratigraphic exploration.The faulted basin has a rich type of oil and gas reservoir and prospect for further research.
引文
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[8]王华.层序地层学基本原理、方法与应用[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2008:83-106.WANG Hua.Basic ideas,methodology and application of sequence stratigraphy[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,2008:83-106.
[9]GAWTHORPE R L,LEDDER M R.Tectono-sedimentary evolution of active extensional basins[J].Basin Research,2000,12(3/4):195-218.
[10]王华,廖远涛,陆永潮,等.中国东部新生代陆相断陷盆地层序的构成样式[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,14(1):277-285.WANG Hua,LIAO Yuantao,LU yongchao,et al.Sequence architecture styles of Cenozoic continental rift basins inEast China[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):277-285.
[11]葛家旺,朱筱敏,张向涛,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷文昌组构造-沉积演化模式[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):308-322.GE Jiawang,ZHU Xiaomin,ZHANG Xiangtao,et al.Tectono-sedimentation model of the Eocene Wenchang formation in the Lufeng depression,Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2018,47(2):308-322.
[12]杨晓利,张自力,孙明,等.同沉积断层控砂模式-以南堡凹陷南部地区Es1段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(4):526-534.YANG Xiaoli,ZHANG Zili,SUN Ming,et al.Models of contemporaneous fault controlling sandstone deposition:acase study of Es1in southern Nanpu sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology 2014,35(4):526-534.
[13]翟光明.中国石油地质志卷五:华北油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:26-124.ZHAI Guangming.Petroleum geology of China(Vol5):Huabei oilfield[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998:26-124.
[14]张文朝,崔周旗,韩春元,等.冀中坳陷早第三纪湖盆演化与油气[J].古地理学报,2001,3(1):45-54ZHANG Wenchao,CUI Zhouqi,HAN Chunyuan,et al.Evolution of Palaeogene lacustrine basins and oil and gas potentials in the central Hebei depression[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2001,3(1):45-54.
[15]张文朝,杨德相,陈彦均,等.冀中凹陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律[J].地质学报,2008,82(8):1103-1112.ZHANG Wenchao,YANG Dexiang,CHEN Yanjun et al.Sedimentary structural characteristics and hydrocarbon distributed rules of Jizhong depression[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(8):1103-1112.
[16]崔周旗,李莉,王宏霞,等.霸县凹陷古近系深层砂岩储层特征与岩性油气藏勘探[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(2):51-58.CUI Zhouqi,LI Li,WANG Hongxia,et al.Characteristics of deep sandstone reservoirs and lithologic reservoir exploration of Paleogene in Baxian sag[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(2):51-58.
[17]漆家福,张一伟,陆克正等.渤海湾盆地新生代构造演化[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),1995,19(增刊):1-6.QI Jiafu,ZHANG Yiwei,LU Kezheng,et al.Cenozoic tectonic evolution in Bohai Bay basin province[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,1995,19(Sup):1-6.
[18]杨明慧,刘池阳,杨斌谊,等.冀中坳陷古近纪的伸展构造[J].地质论评,2002,48(1):58-67.YANG Minghui,LIU Chiyang,YANG Binyi,et al.Extensional structures of the Paleogene in the Central Hebei,China.Geological Review,2002,48(1):58-67.
[19]梁宏斌,崔周旗,卢学军,等.冀中坳陷沉积演化与岩性油气藏勘探[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(增刊1):1-8.LIANG Hongbin,CUI Zhouqi,LU Xuejun,et al.Depositional evolution and lithologic reservoir exploration in Jizhong depression[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2009,31(Sup 1):1-8.
[20]纪友亮,赵贤正,单敬福,等.冀中坳陷古近系沉积层序特征及其沉积体系演化[J].沉积学报,2009,27(1):48-56.JI Youliang,ZHAO Xianzheng,DAN Jingfu,et al.Depositional architecture of Paleogene system Tectionic sequences and evolvement of sedimentary system in Jizhong depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(1):48-56.
[21]CATUNEANU O.Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems:concepts,merits,and pitfalls[J].J Afr Earth Sci,2002,35:1-43.
[22]CROSS T A,BAKER M R,CHAPIN M A.Application of high resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis:Subsurface reservoir characterization from outcrop observation[M].Paris:Editions Technique,1994:11-13.
[23]LIN Changsong,ERIKOSON K,LI Sitian,et al.Sequence architecture,depositional systems and their controls of lacus-trine sequence of the Erlianbasin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(11):2017-2043.
[24]朱筱敏,康安,王贵文.陆相拗陷型和断陷型湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):283-287.ZHU Xiaomin,KANG An,WANG,Geiwen.Sequence stratigraphic models of depression and faulted-down lake basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):283-287.
[25]杨德相,蒋有录,赵志刚,等.冀中凹陷洼槽区地质特征及其与油气分布关系[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016(5):990-1001.YANG Dexiang,JIANG Youlu,ZHAO Zhigang,et al.Geological characteristics of sub-sag and their relation with hydrocarbon distribution in Jizhong depression[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016(5):990-1001.
[26]赵力民,赵贤正,刘井旺,等.冀中坳陷古近系地层岩性油藏成藏特征与勘探方向[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):492-497.ZHAO Limin,ZHAO Xianzheng,LIU Jingwang,et al.Characteristics of Pa-leogene stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs and its explora-tion direction in Jizhongdepression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):492-497.
[2]LU H B,FULTHORPE C S,MANN,P,KOMINZ,M A,Miocene-Recent tectonic and climatic controls on sediment supple and sequence stratigraphy:Canterburg basin New Zealand[J].Basin Res,2005,17:311-328.
[3]FENG Y,JIANG S,WANG C.Sequence stratigraphy,sedimentary systems and petroleum plays in a low-accommodation basin:middle to upper members of the lower jurassic Sangonghe formation,central Junggar basin,northwestern China[J].Asian Earth Sci,2015,105:85-103.
[4]RAVNAS R,STEEL R J,Architecture of marine riftbasin successions1[J].AAPG Bull,1998,82(1):110-146.
[5]邓宏文,郭建宇,王瑞菊,等.陆相断陷盆地的构造层序地层分析[J].地学前缘,2008,15(2):1-7.DENG Hongwen,GUO Jianyu,WANG Ruiju,et al.Tectono-sequence stratigraphic analysis in continental faulted basins[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(2):1-7.
[6]ZCCHIN M,MELLERE D,RODA C.Sequence stratigraphy and architectural variability in growth faultbounded basin fills:A review of Plio-Pleistocene stratal units of Croton basin,southern Italy[J].J Geol Soc,2006,163:471-486.
[7]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].东营:石油大学出版社,2000:108-133.ZHU Xiaomin.Sequence stratigraphy[M].Dongying:Petroleum University Press,2000:108-133.
[8]王华.层序地层学基本原理、方法与应用[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,2008:83-106.WANG Hua.Basic ideas,methodology and application of sequence stratigraphy[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,2008:83-106.
[9]GAWTHORPE R L,LEDDER M R.Tectono-sedimentary evolution of active extensional basins[J].Basin Research,2000,12(3/4):195-218.
[10]王华,廖远涛,陆永潮,等.中国东部新生代陆相断陷盆地层序的构成样式[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2010,14(1):277-285.WANG Hua,LIAO Yuantao,LU yongchao,et al.Sequence architecture styles of Cenozoic continental rift basins inEast China[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2010,41(1):277-285.
[11]葛家旺,朱筱敏,张向涛,等.珠江口盆地陆丰凹陷文昌组构造-沉积演化模式[J].中国矿业大学学报,2018,47(2):308-322.GE Jiawang,ZHU Xiaomin,ZHANG Xiangtao,et al.Tectono-sedimentation model of the Eocene Wenchang formation in the Lufeng depression,Pearl River Mouth basin[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2018,47(2):308-322.
[12]杨晓利,张自力,孙明,等.同沉积断层控砂模式-以南堡凹陷南部地区Es1段为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2014,35(4):526-534.YANG Xiaoli,ZHANG Zili,SUN Ming,et al.Models of contemporaneous fault controlling sandstone deposition:acase study of Es1in southern Nanpu sag[J].Oil&Gas Geology 2014,35(4):526-534.
[13]翟光明.中国石油地质志卷五:华北油田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998:26-124.ZHAI Guangming.Petroleum geology of China(Vol5):Huabei oilfield[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1998:26-124.
[14]张文朝,崔周旗,韩春元,等.冀中坳陷早第三纪湖盆演化与油气[J].古地理学报,2001,3(1):45-54ZHANG Wenchao,CUI Zhouqi,HAN Chunyuan,et al.Evolution of Palaeogene lacustrine basins and oil and gas potentials in the central Hebei depression[J].Journal of Palaeogeography,2001,3(1):45-54.
[15]张文朝,杨德相,陈彦均,等.冀中凹陷古近系沉积构造特征与油气分布规律[J].地质学报,2008,82(8):1103-1112.ZHANG Wenchao,YANG Dexiang,CHEN Yanjun et al.Sedimentary structural characteristics and hydrocarbon distributed rules of Jizhong depression[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2008,82(8):1103-1112.
[16]崔周旗,李莉,王宏霞,等.霸县凹陷古近系深层砂岩储层特征与岩性油气藏勘探[J].岩性油气藏,2017,29(2):51-58.CUI Zhouqi,LI Li,WANG Hongxia,et al.Characteristics of deep sandstone reservoirs and lithologic reservoir exploration of Paleogene in Baxian sag[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2017,29(2):51-58.
[17]漆家福,张一伟,陆克正等.渤海湾盆地新生代构造演化[J].中国石油大学学报(自然科学版),1995,19(增刊):1-6.QI Jiafu,ZHANG Yiwei,LU Kezheng,et al.Cenozoic tectonic evolution in Bohai Bay basin province[J].Journal of the University of Petroleum,China,1995,19(Sup):1-6.
[18]杨明慧,刘池阳,杨斌谊,等.冀中坳陷古近纪的伸展构造[J].地质论评,2002,48(1):58-67.YANG Minghui,LIU Chiyang,YANG Binyi,et al.Extensional structures of the Paleogene in the Central Hebei,China.Geological Review,2002,48(1):58-67.
[19]梁宏斌,崔周旗,卢学军,等.冀中坳陷沉积演化与岩性油气藏勘探[J].石油钻采工艺,2009,31(增刊1):1-8.LIANG Hongbin,CUI Zhouqi,LU Xuejun,et al.Depositional evolution and lithologic reservoir exploration in Jizhong depression[J].Oil Drilling&Production Technology,2009,31(Sup 1):1-8.
[20]纪友亮,赵贤正,单敬福,等.冀中坳陷古近系沉积层序特征及其沉积体系演化[J].沉积学报,2009,27(1):48-56.JI Youliang,ZHAO Xianzheng,DAN Jingfu,et al.Depositional architecture of Paleogene system Tectionic sequences and evolvement of sedimentary system in Jizhong depression[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2009,27(1):48-56.
[21]CATUNEANU O.Sequence stratigraphy of clastic systems:concepts,merits,and pitfalls[J].J Afr Earth Sci,2002,35:1-43.
[22]CROSS T A,BAKER M R,CHAPIN M A.Application of high resolution sequence stratigraphy to reservoir analysis:Subsurface reservoir characterization from outcrop observation[M].Paris:Editions Technique,1994:11-13.
[23]LIN Changsong,ERIKOSON K,LI Sitian,et al.Sequence architecture,depositional systems and their controls of lacus-trine sequence of the Erlianbasin[J].AAPG Bulletin,2001,85(11):2017-2043.
[24]朱筱敏,康安,王贵文.陆相拗陷型和断陷型湖盆层序地层样式探讨[J].沉积学报,2003,21(2):283-287.ZHU Xiaomin,KANG An,WANG,Geiwen.Sequence stratigraphic models of depression and faulted-down lake basins[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(2):283-287.
[25]杨德相,蒋有录,赵志刚,等.冀中凹陷洼槽区地质特征及其与油气分布关系[J].石油地球物理勘探,2016(5):990-1001.YANG Dexiang,JIANG Youlu,ZHAO Zhigang,et al.Geological characteristics of sub-sag and their relation with hydrocarbon distribution in Jizhong depression[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2016(5):990-1001.
[26]赵力民,赵贤正,刘井旺,等.冀中坳陷古近系地层岩性油藏成藏特征与勘探方向[J].石油学报,2009,30(4):492-497.ZHAO Limin,ZHAO Xianzheng,LIU Jingwang,et al.Characteristics of Pa-leogene stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs and its explora-tion direction in Jizhongdepression[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(4):492-497.