1952-2014年饶河流域水沙变化特征及影响因素
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摘要
利用饶河流域1952-2014年3个水文站的实测流量、输沙量资料,分析了饶河流域年径流量、年输沙量的变化特征。结果表明:(1)饶河流域从径流和输沙地区组成来看,昌江、乐安河、信江东大河占比在20%～35%之间,输沙量和径流量成正比;(2)饶河流域径流量年际变化较大,20世纪90年代水量异常偏多(+20%),径流、输沙序列存在20年的周期,但未来径流量表现为明显的随机性;(3)输沙量在1998年后显著减少,导致水沙双累积曲线发生转折,未来输沙量可能继续减少;(4)2000年后径流量偏少(-10%)是输沙量减小的原因之一,1998-2007年间建成的大中型水利工程拦截泥沙,是饶河2000年后输沙量异常偏少的另一个主要因素。由于流域水土流失治理、水利工程建设等,预计今后饶河干支流输沙量仍将进一步减少。研究结果可为饶河流域水资源综合利用开发和水生态保护提供参考。
Based on the daily measured discharge and sediment data of three stations in Raohe River basin from 1952 to 2014,we studied the variation characteristics of the annual runoff and sediment transport.The results showed that:1)In terms of the regional composition of runoff and sediment transport in the Raohe River basin,the Changjiang River,Le′an River,and Dongdahe River took up 20%-35%,and the sediment transport and the runoff were directly proportional to each other.2)The runoff in the Raohe River basin showed prominent interannual variations.The flow in the 1990s was greater than the normal level(by 20%).The main period of the runoff and sediment transport series was 20 years,but the future runoff showed prominent randomness.3)The sediment load declined significantly after 1998,causing a turning point on the double accumulative curve of runoff and sediment.The future sediment load might keep declining.4)One of the reasons for the reduction of sediment load in Raohe River basin was the reduction of runoff after 2000(by 10%).Another main factor was the interception of sediment by large and medium water conservancy projects built between 1998 and 2007.Owing to the control of soil erosion and construction of water conservancy projects,the sediment in Raohe River basin is expected to decline further in the future.The results can provide a reference for the comprehensive utilization and development of water resources and the water ecological protection in Raohe River Basin.
Based on the daily measured discharge and sediment data of three stations in Raohe River basin from 1952 to 2014,we studied the variation characteristics of the annual runoff and sediment transport.The results showed that:1)In terms of the regional composition of runoff and sediment transport in the Raohe River basin,the Changjiang River,Le′an River,and Dongdahe River took up 20%-35%,and the sediment transport and the runoff were directly proportional to each other.2)The runoff in the Raohe River basin showed prominent interannual variations.The flow in the 1990s was greater than the normal level(by 20%).The main period of the runoff and sediment transport series was 20 years,but the future runoff showed prominent randomness.3)The sediment load declined significantly after 1998,causing a turning point on the double accumulative curve of runoff and sediment.The future sediment load might keep declining.4)One of the reasons for the reduction of sediment load in Raohe River basin was the reduction of runoff after 2000(by 10%).Another main factor was the interception of sediment by large and medium water conservancy projects built between 1998 and 2007.Owing to the control of soil erosion and construction of water conservancy projects,the sediment in Raohe River basin is expected to decline further in the future.The results can provide a reference for the comprehensive utilization and development of water resources and the water ecological protection in Raohe River Basin.
引文
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[6]齐述华,熊梦雅,廖富强,等.人类活动对鄱阳湖泥沙收支平衡的影响[J].地理科学,2016,36(6):888-894.(QI S H,XIONGM Y,LIAO F Q,et al.Impact of human activities on sediments budget in Poyang Lake[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(6):888-894.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.06.011.
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[8]吴英超,刘星根,虞慧,等.1957~2014年信江水沙变化特征分析[J].江西水利科技,2016,42(6):443-448.(WU Y C,LU XG,YU H,et al.Changing characteristic of runoff-sediment of the Xinjiang river from 1957to 2014[J].Jiangxi Hydraulic Science&Technology,2016,42(6):443-448.(in Chinese))
[9]闵骞,时建国,闵聃.1956~2005年鄱阳湖入出湖悬移质泥沙特征及其变化分析[J].水文,2011,31(1):54-58.(MING Q,SHI J G,MING D.Characteristics of sediment into and out of Poyanghu Lake from 1956to 2005[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2011,31(1):54-58.(in Chinese))
[10]李微,李昌彦,吴敦银,等.鄱阳湖近60年天然入出湖径流特征分析[J].人民长江,2015,46(17):18-23.(LI W,LI C Y,WU D Y,et al.Analysis on characteristics of natural runoff into and out of Poyang Lake in recent 60years[J].Yangtze River,2015,46(17):18-23.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2015.17.005.
[11]黄丽虹,吴敦银,王鹏.江西抚河56年径流变化特征研究[J].人民长江,2012,43(2):38-40.(HUANG L H,WU D Y,WANG P.Study on the characteristics of runoff variation in Fuhe River in Jiangxi Province in the past 56years[J].Yangtze River,2012,43(2):38-40.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2012.s2.009.
[12]罗蔚,张翔,邹大胜,等.鄱阳湖流域抚河径流特征及变化趋势分析[J].水文,2012,32(3):75-82.(LUO W,ZHANG X,ZOU D S,et al.Analysis of runoff runoff characteristics and trends in Poyang Lake Basin[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(3):75-82.(in Chinese))
[13]胡菊芳,赵冠男,蔡哲,等.1953-2011年信江径流量变化特征及归因分析[J].气象与减灾研究,2014,37(1):61-66.(HU JF,ZHAO G N,CAI Z,et al.Variation characteristics and attribution of runoff in Xinjiang drainage basin during 1953-2011[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,2014,37(1):61-66.(in Chinese))
[14]杨荣清,胡立华,史良云.赣江流域水文特征分析[J].水资源研究,2003,24(1):35-40.(YANG R Q,HU L H,SHI L Y.Analysis of hydrological characteristics in Minjiang River Basin[J].Water resources research,2003,24(1):35-40.(in Chinese))
[15]万荣荣,杨桂山,王晓龙,等.长江中游通江湖泊关系研究进展[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(1):1-8.(WANG R R,YANG G S,WANG X L,et al.Progress of research on the relationship between the Yangtze River and its connected lakes in the middle teaches[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2014,26(1):1-8.(in chinese))
[16]王俊,郭生练,谭国良.变化环境下鄱阳湖水文水资源研究与应用[J].水资源研究,2014,3(6):429-435.(WANG J,GUOS L,TAN G L.Research and application of hydrology and water resources under changing environment in the Poyang Lake Basin[J].Journal of Water Research,2014,3(6):429-435.(in chinese))
[17]叶许春,刘健,张奇,等.鄱阳湖流域气候变化特征及其对径流的驱动作用[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(7):103-109.(YE X X,LIU J,ZHANG Q,et al.Charateristics of climate variability in Poyang Lake River Basin and its driving effect on runoff[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science),2014,36(7):103-109.(in chinese))
[18]胡振鹏,林玉茹.气候变化对鄱阳湖流域干旱灾害影响及其对策[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(7):897-904.(HU ZP,LIN Y R.Analysis of relationship between climate change and drought disasters in the Poyang Lake basin study of the drought-relief measures[J].Resources and environment in the Yangteze River Basin,2012,21(7):897-904.(in chinese))
[19]郭华,苏布达,王艳君.鄱阳湖流域1955-2002年径流系数变化趋势及其与气候因子的关系[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(2):163-169.(GUO H,SU B D,WANG Y J.Runoff coefficients change and the analysis of the relationship between climate change factores and runoff coefficients in Poyang Baisn:1955-2007[J].Journal of Lake Science,2007,19(2):163-169.(in chinese))
[20]罗蔚,张翔,邓志民,等.近50年鄱阳湖流域入湖总水量变化与旱涝急转规律分析[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(5):845-855.(LUO W,ZHANG X,DENG Z M,et al.Variatiatin of total runoff into Poyang Lake and drought-flood abrupt alteration during the past 50years[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2013,21(5):845-855.(in chinese))
[21]李云良,张奇,李相虎,等.鄱阳湖流域水文效应对气候变化的响应[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(10):1339-1347.(LIY L,ZHANG Q,LI X H,et al.Hydrological effects of Poyang Lake catchment in response to climate changes[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze River Basin,201322(10):1339-1347.(in Chinese))
[22]郭家力,郭生练,李天元,等.鄱阳湖未控区间流域水量平衡分析及校验[J].水电能源科学.2012,30(9):30-32,58.(GUO JL,GUO S L,LI T Y,et al.Water balance analysis andverification of Poyang Lake intervening Basin[J].Water Resouces and Power,2012,30(9):30-32.(in chinese))
[23]陈华,郭家力,郭生练,等.统计降尺度方法及其评价指标比较研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(8):891-897.(CHEN H,GUO JL,GUO S L,et al.Comparison of different statistical downscaling methods and evalution indicators in climate change impact on runoff[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(8):891-897.(in Chinese))
[24]张静文,郭家力,刘佳,等.鄱阳湖流域入湖径流时空变化预测响[J].南水北调与水利科技,2016,14(5):41-48.(ZHANG JW,GUO J L,LIU J,et al.Prediction for temporal and spatial variability of Poyang Lake inflow[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2016,14(5):41-48.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2016.05.007.
[25]吴新雄,熊胜文,等.江西省饶河流域综合规划修编报告[R].江西省水利厅,2013.(WU X X,XIONG S W,et al.Report on the revision of the comprehensive planning of the Raohe Basin in Jiangxi Province[R].2013.(in Chinese))
[2]MILLIMAN J D.Blessed dams or damned dams[J].Nature,1997,(386):325-327.
[3]WALLING D E.Human impact on land-ocean sediment transfer by the world′s rivers[J].Geomorphology,2006,79(3/4,SI):192-216.DOI:10.1016/jgeomorph.2006.06.019.
[4]莫明浩,杨筱筱,肖胜生,等.鄱阳湖五河流域入湖径流泥沙变化特征及影响因素分析[J].水土保持研究,2017,24(5):197-203.(MONG M H,YANG X X,XIAO S S,et al.Analysis runoff and sediment change characteristics and influence factors of Poyang Lake Five Rivers Basin[J].Research of Soil and Water Conservation,2017,24(5):197-203.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13869/j.cnki.rswc.2017.05.031.
[5]郭鹏,陈晓玲,刘影.鄱阳湖湖口、外洲、梅港三站水沙变化及趋势分析(1995-2001年)[J].湖泊科学,2006,18(5):458-463.(GUO P,CHENG X L,LIU Y.Analysis in runoff and sediment changes transportaion in Hukou,Waizhou and Meigang stations of Poyang Lake druing 199-2011[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2006,18(5):458-463.(in Chinese))
[6]齐述华,熊梦雅,廖富强,等.人类活动对鄱阳湖泥沙收支平衡的影响[J].地理科学,2016,36(6):888-894.(QI S H,XIONGM Y,LIAO F Q,et al.Impact of human activities on sediments budget in Poyang Lake[J].Scientia Geographica Sinica,2016,36(6):888-894.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13249/j.cnki.sgs.2016.06.011.
[7]韩建军,卢静媛,吴选明.江西信江流域水沙特性分析[J].水利水电快报,2017,38(9):18-21.(HAN J J,LU J Y,WU X M.Analysis of water and sediment characteristics in Xinjiang River Basin[J].Express Water Resources&Hydropower Information,2017,38(9):18-21.(in Chinese))DOI:10.15974/j.cnki.slsdkb.2017.09.008.
[8]吴英超,刘星根,虞慧,等.1957~2014年信江水沙变化特征分析[J].江西水利科技,2016,42(6):443-448.(WU Y C,LU XG,YU H,et al.Changing characteristic of runoff-sediment of the Xinjiang river from 1957to 2014[J].Jiangxi Hydraulic Science&Technology,2016,42(6):443-448.(in Chinese))
[9]闵骞,时建国,闵聃.1956~2005年鄱阳湖入出湖悬移质泥沙特征及其变化分析[J].水文,2011,31(1):54-58.(MING Q,SHI J G,MING D.Characteristics of sediment into and out of Poyanghu Lake from 1956to 2005[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2011,31(1):54-58.(in Chinese))
[10]李微,李昌彦,吴敦银,等.鄱阳湖近60年天然入出湖径流特征分析[J].人民长江,2015,46(17):18-23.(LI W,LI C Y,WU D Y,et al.Analysis on characteristics of natural runoff into and out of Poyang Lake in recent 60years[J].Yangtze River,2015,46(17):18-23.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2015.17.005.
[11]黄丽虹,吴敦银,王鹏.江西抚河56年径流变化特征研究[J].人民长江,2012,43(2):38-40.(HUANG L H,WU D Y,WANG P.Study on the characteristics of runoff variation in Fuhe River in Jiangxi Province in the past 56years[J].Yangtze River,2012,43(2):38-40.(in Chinese))DOI:10.16232/j.cnki.1001-4179.2012.s2.009.
[12]罗蔚,张翔,邹大胜,等.鄱阳湖流域抚河径流特征及变化趋势分析[J].水文,2012,32(3):75-82.(LUO W,ZHANG X,ZOU D S,et al.Analysis of runoff runoff characteristics and trends in Poyang Lake Basin[J].Journal of China Hydrology,2012,32(3):75-82.(in Chinese))
[13]胡菊芳,赵冠男,蔡哲,等.1953-2011年信江径流量变化特征及归因分析[J].气象与减灾研究,2014,37(1):61-66.(HU JF,ZHAO G N,CAI Z,et al.Variation characteristics and attribution of runoff in Xinjiang drainage basin during 1953-2011[J].Meteorology and Disaster Reduction Research,2014,37(1):61-66.(in Chinese))
[14]杨荣清,胡立华,史良云.赣江流域水文特征分析[J].水资源研究,2003,24(1):35-40.(YANG R Q,HU L H,SHI L Y.Analysis of hydrological characteristics in Minjiang River Basin[J].Water resources research,2003,24(1):35-40.(in Chinese))
[15]万荣荣,杨桂山,王晓龙,等.长江中游通江湖泊关系研究进展[J].湖泊科学,2014,26(1):1-8.(WANG R R,YANG G S,WANG X L,et al.Progress of research on the relationship between the Yangtze River and its connected lakes in the middle teaches[J].Journal of Lake Sciences,2014,26(1):1-8.(in chinese))
[16]王俊,郭生练,谭国良.变化环境下鄱阳湖水文水资源研究与应用[J].水资源研究,2014,3(6):429-435.(WANG J,GUOS L,TAN G L.Research and application of hydrology and water resources under changing environment in the Poyang Lake Basin[J].Journal of Water Research,2014,3(6):429-435.(in chinese))
[17]叶许春,刘健,张奇,等.鄱阳湖流域气候变化特征及其对径流的驱动作用[J].西南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,36(7):103-109.(YE X X,LIU J,ZHANG Q,et al.Charateristics of climate variability in Poyang Lake River Basin and its driving effect on runoff[J].Journal of Southwest University(Natural Science),2014,36(7):103-109.(in chinese))
[18]胡振鹏,林玉茹.气候变化对鄱阳湖流域干旱灾害影响及其对策[J].长江流域资源与环境,2012,21(7):897-904.(HU ZP,LIN Y R.Analysis of relationship between climate change and drought disasters in the Poyang Lake basin study of the drought-relief measures[J].Resources and environment in the Yangteze River Basin,2012,21(7):897-904.(in chinese))
[19]郭华,苏布达,王艳君.鄱阳湖流域1955-2002年径流系数变化趋势及其与气候因子的关系[J].湖泊科学,2007,19(2):163-169.(GUO H,SU B D,WANG Y J.Runoff coefficients change and the analysis of the relationship between climate change factores and runoff coefficients in Poyang Baisn:1955-2007[J].Journal of Lake Science,2007,19(2):163-169.(in chinese))
[20]罗蔚,张翔,邓志民,等.近50年鄱阳湖流域入湖总水量变化与旱涝急转规律分析[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2013,21(5):845-855.(LUO W,ZHANG X,DENG Z M,et al.Variatiatin of total runoff into Poyang Lake and drought-flood abrupt alteration during the past 50years[J].Journal of Basic Science and Engineering,2013,21(5):845-855.(in chinese))
[21]李云良,张奇,李相虎,等.鄱阳湖流域水文效应对气候变化的响应[J].长江流域资源与环境,2013,22(10):1339-1347.(LIY L,ZHANG Q,LI X H,et al.Hydrological effects of Poyang Lake catchment in response to climate changes[J].Resources and Environment in the Yangtze River Basin,201322(10):1339-1347.(in Chinese))
[22]郭家力,郭生练,李天元,等.鄱阳湖未控区间流域水量平衡分析及校验[J].水电能源科学.2012,30(9):30-32,58.(GUO JL,GUO S L,LI T Y,et al.Water balance analysis andverification of Poyang Lake intervening Basin[J].Water Resouces and Power,2012,30(9):30-32.(in chinese))
[23]陈华,郭家力,郭生练,等.统计降尺度方法及其评价指标比较研究[J].水利学报,2012,43(8):891-897.(CHEN H,GUO JL,GUO S L,et al.Comparison of different statistical downscaling methods and evalution indicators in climate change impact on runoff[J].Journal of Hydraulic Engineering,2012,43(8):891-897.(in Chinese))
[24]张静文,郭家力,刘佳,等.鄱阳湖流域入湖径流时空变化预测响[J].南水北调与水利科技,2016,14(5):41-48.(ZHANG JW,GUO J L,LIU J,et al.Prediction for temporal and spatial variability of Poyang Lake inflow[J].South-to-North Water Transfers and Water Science&Technology,2016,14(5):41-48.(in Chinese))DOI:10.13476/j.cnki.nsbdqk.2016.05.007.
[25]吴新雄,熊胜文,等.江西省饶河流域综合规划修编报告[R].江西省水利厅,2013.(WU X X,XIONG S W,et al.Report on the revision of the comprehensive planning of the Raohe Basin in Jiangxi Province[R].2013.(in Chinese))